Messier 43

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Messier 43
Emission nebula
H II region
M42-20050206-lrgb-900.jpg
Emission nebula Messier 43 to the northeast of the well-known M42 Orion Nebula
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension 05h 35m 31.8s [1]
Declination −05° 17 57 [1]
Distance1,300 ± 160  ly (400 ± 50  pc)  ly
Apparent magnitude (V)9.0 [2]
Apparent dimensions (V)20′ × 15′ [3]
Constellation Orion
Notable features Trapezium cluster
DesignationsDe Mairan's Nebula, M43, NGC 1982 [4]
See also: Lists of nebulae

Messier 43 or M43, also known as De Mairan's Nebula and NGC 1982, is a star-forming nebula with a prominent H II region in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It was discovered by the French scientist Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan some time before 1731, [3] then catalogued by Charles Messier in 1769. [a] It is physically part of the Orion Nebula (Messier 42), separate from that main nebula by a dense lane of dust known as the northeast dark lane. [5] It is part of the much larger Orion molecular cloud complex.

Contents

The main ionizing star in this nebula is the quadruple star system NU Orionis (HD 37061), the focus of the H II region, 1,360 ± 30  ly (417.0 ± 9.2  pc ) away. [6]

The H II region is a roundish volume of ionized hydrogen. It has a diameter of about 4.5 , at its distance meaning it measures 2.1 ly (0.65 pc). The net (meaning omitting the star) hydrogen alpha luminosity of this region is (3.0±1.1)×1035 erg s−1; equivalent to 78  L . There is a dark lane crossing the whole west-centre strip from north to south, known as the M43 dark lane, which forming a swirling belt extension to the south links to Orion's northeast dark lane. All of these resemble a mixture of smoke rising from a chimney and in watercolour broad and fine dark brushstrokes, at many wavelengths.

See also

References and footnotes

  1. 1 2 Sulentic, Jack W.; et al. (1973), The revised new catalogue of nonstellar astronomical objects, Tucson: University of Arizona Press, Bibcode:1973rncn.book.....S.
  2. "Messier 43". SEDS Messier Catalog. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
  3. 1 2 Adam, Len (2018), Imaging the Messier Objects Remotely from Your Laptop, The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series, Springer, p. 209, Bibcode:2018imor.book.....A, ISBN   978-3319653853.
  4. "M 43". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved November 25, 2018.
  5. Simón-Díaz, S.; et al. (June 2011), "A detailed study of the H ii region M 43 and its ionizing star", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 530: 13, arXiv: 1103.3628 , Bibcode:2011A&A...530A..57S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116608, A57.
  6. Aschenbrenner, P.; Przybilla, N. (2024-11-01). "Quantitative spectroscopy of multiple OB stars - I. The quadruple system HD 37061 at the centre of Messier 43". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 691: A361. arXiv: 2410.23229 . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451878 . ISSN   0004-6361.
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