NGC 1052

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NGC 1052
N1042s.jpg
NGC 1052 (center left) and NGC 1042 (center right) as imaged by Schulman Telescope. Credit: Adam Block/Mount Lemmon SkyCenter/University of Arizona
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Right ascension 02h 41m 04.79851s [1]
Declination −08° 15′ 20.7517″ [1]
Redshift 0.004930 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1474 ± 26 km/s [1]
Distance 62.0  Mly (19.00  Mpc) [2]
Group or cluster NGC 1052 Group [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.47 [2]
Apparent magnitude  (B)11.41 [2]
Characteristics
Type E4 [2]
Apparent size  (V)3.0′ × 2.1′ [2]
Other designations
MCG -01-07-034, PGC 10175 [1]

NGC 1052 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on January 10, 1785 by the astronomer William Herschel. [3] It is a member of the eponymous NGC 1052 Group. [1]

Contents

Features

NGC  1052 is located at a distance of around 63 million light years from the Milky Way, [4] and has a LINER-type active galactic nucleus which signals the intense starburst activity in the galaxy's center [5] that were confirmed with observations with better resolution showing a number of star-forming regions and young star clusters. [6]

NGC 1052 shows also two small jets emerging from its nucleus as well as a very extended disc of neutral hydrogen, far larger than the galaxy itself. [7] Additionally, the stars and the ionized gas rotate along different axes. [8] All these features suggesting a gas-rich galaxy collided and merged with it 1 billion years ago producing all the above features. [6]

The shape of NGC 1052 is thought to be a triaxial ellipsoid. The longest axis of the ellipsoid is probably aligned at a position angle of −41°, which is the axis around which the ionized gas would be rotating. [8]

A scale image of NGC 1052 and its satellite galaxies is available at the reference. [9]

Central black hole

NGC 1052 hosts a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole with a mass of 154 million M☉ [10] with a large magnetic field of 2.6 Tesla, [11] which, according to astronomer Anne-Kathrin Baczko, the leader of the team that made this discovery, provides enough magnetic energy to power the previously mentioned twin relativistic jets. [12]

This black hole is a promising target for imaging by the Event Horizon Telescope. [11] The location of the black hole in NGC 1052 was by 2016 the most precisely known in the universe, with the exception of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole found at the heart of our own galaxy. [12] [11]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "NGC 1052". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2021-02-19.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Gil de Paz, Armando; et al. (December 2007). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 173 (2): 185–255. arXiv: astro-ph/0606440 . Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G. doi:10.1086/516636. S2CID   119085482.
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 1050 - 1099". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2021-02-19.
  4. ↑ J. L. Tonry; A. Dressler; J.P. Blakeslee; E.A. Ajhar; A.B. Fletcher; G. A. Luppino; M. R. Metzger; C.B. Moore (2001). "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances". Astrophysical Journal. 546 (2): 681–693. arXiv: astro-ph/0011223 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..681T. doi:10.1086/318301. S2CID   17628238.
  5. ↑ Pierce, Michael; Brodie, Jean P.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Beasley, Michael A.; Proctor, Robert; Strader, Jay (2005). "The evolutionary history of the elliptical galaxy NGC 1052". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 358 (1): 419–431. arXiv: astro-ph/0501066 . Bibcode:2005MNRAS.358..419P. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08778.x . S2CID   16977888.
  6. 1 2 Fernández-Ontiveros, J.A.; López-Sanjuan, C.; Montes, M.; Prieto, M. A.; Acosta-Pulido, J.A. (2011). "The most recent burst of star formation in the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 1052". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 411 (1): L21 –L25. arXiv: 1011.2498 . Bibcode:2011MNRAS.411L..21F. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00985.x . S2CID   119232954.
  7. ↑ "Notes for NGC 1052". NED. Cal Tech.
  8. 1 2 Davies, R. L.; Illingworth, G. D. (1986). "The dynamics of the active galaxy NGC 1052". The Astrophysical Journal. 302: 234. Bibcode:1986ApJ...302..234D. doi:10.1086/163985.
  9. ↑ Dokkum, Pieter. "image of NGC 1052". twitter.
  10. ↑ Brenneman, L. W.; Weaver, K. A.; Kadler, M.; Tueller, J.; Marscher, A.; Ros, E.; Zensus, A.; Kovalev, Y.Y.; Aller, M.; Aller, H.; Irwin, J.; Kerp, J.; Kaufmann, S. (2009). "Spectral analysis of the accretion flow in NGC 1052 with Suzaku". The Astrophysical Journal. 698 (1): 528–540. arXiv: 0903.3583 . Bibcode:2009ApJ...698..528B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/528. S2CID   464273.
  11. 1 2 3 "Event Horizon Telescope: Moving towards a close-up of a black hole and its jets". Chalmers University of Technology. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
  12. 1 2 "Twin jets pinpoint the heart of an active galaxy". phys.org. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
  13. ↑ Van Dokkum, Pieter; Danieli, Shany; Abraham, Roberto; Conroy, Charlie; Romanowsky, Aaron J. (2019). "A Second Galaxy Missing Dark Matter in the NGC 1052 Group". The Astrophysical Journal. 874 (1): L5. arXiv: 1901.05973 . Bibcode:2019ApJ...874L...5V. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab0d92 . S2CID   102486855.


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