The New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars is an astronomical catalogue of deep-sky objects compiled by John Louis Emil Dreyer in 1888. The NGC contains 7,840 objects, including galaxies, star clusters and emission nebulae. Dreyer published two supplements to the NGC in 1895 and 1908, known as the Index Catalogues, describing a further 5,386 astronomical objects. Thousands of these objects are best known by their NGC or IC numbers, which remain in widespread use.
NGC 1 is an intermediate spiral galaxy of the morphological type Sbc, located in the constellation of Pegasus. It was discovered on 30 September 1861 by Heinrich d'Arrest.
NGC 3 is a lenticular galaxy with the morphological type of S0, located in the constellation of Pisces. Other sources classify NGC 3 as a barred spiral galaxy as a type of SBa. It was discovered on November 29, 1864, by Albert Marth.
NGC 147 is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy about 2.58 Mly away in the constellation Cassiopeia. NGC 147 is a member of the Local group of galaxies and a satellite galaxy of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). It forms a physical pair with the nearby galaxy NGC 185, another remote satellite of M31. It was discovered by John Herschel in September 1829. Visually it is both fainter and slightly larger than NGC 185. This means that NGC 147 is more difficult to see than NGC 185, which is visible in small telescopes. In the Webb Society Deep-Sky Observer's Handbook, the visual appearance of NGC 147 is described as follows:
Large, quite faint, irregularly round; it brightens in the middle to a stellar nucleus.
NGC 246 is a planetary nebula in the constellation Cetus. It is the first known planetary nebula to have a hierarchical triple star system at its center. The nebula and the stars associated with it are listed in several catalogs, as summarized by the SIMBAD database. NGC 246 was discovered by William Herschel in 1785.
NGC 13 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It is estimated to be about 220 million light-years away from the Sun. It was discovered on November 26, 1790, by William Herschel.
NGC 21 is a spiral galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 26 November 1790. Lewis Swift observed it again in 1885, leading to its double listing in the New General Catalogue.
NGC 39 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4529 ± 25 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 217.9 ± 15.3 Mly (66.80 ± 4.69 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 2 November 1790.
NGC 43 is a lenticular galaxy in the Andromeda constellation. It has a diameter of approximately 27 kiloparsecs and was discovered by John Herschel in 1827.
NGC 80 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It is currently interacting with two other barred spiral galaxies NGC 47 and NGC 68, and was discovered on August 17, 1828 by John Herschel.
NGC 262 is the largest known spiral galaxy, located in the constellation Andromeda. It is a Seyfert 2 spiral galaxy located 287 million light years away. It was discovered on 17 September 1885 by Lewis A. Swift.
NGC 61 is a pair of lenticular galaxies, NGC 61-A and NGC 61-B in the constellation Cetus. Both were discovered on September 10, 1785, by William Herschel.
NGC 68 is a lenticular galaxy, and the central member of the NGC 68 group, in the constellation Andromeda. The galaxy was discovered on September 11, 1784, by William Herschel, who observed the NGC 68 group as a single object and described it as "extremely faint, large, 3 or 4 stars plus nebulosity". As such, his reported location is between NGC 68, NGC 70, and NGC 71. By the time Dreyer looked at the galaxies to add to the NGC catalog, however, he was able to tell that the single galaxy observed by Herschel was in fact 3 adjacent galaxies, and cataloged them as NGC 68, NGC 70, and NGC 71.
NGC 156 is a double star located in the Cetus constellation. It was discovered on 1882 by Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel.
NGC 243 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda. It was discovered on October 18, 1881 by Édouard Stephan.
NGC 315 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4635 ± 22 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 223.0 ± 15.7 Mly (68.36 ± 4.80 Mpc). In addition, eight non-redshift measurements give a distance of 208.58 ± 22.28 Mly (63.950 ± 6.830 Mpc). It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on September 11, 1784.
NGC 385 is an unbarred lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on November 4, 1850, by Bindon Stoney. It was described by Dreyer as "pretty faint, pretty small, round, northeastern of 2.", the other being NGC 384. Along with galaxies NGC 375, NGC 379, NGC 382, NGC 383, NGC 384, NGC 386, NGC 387 and NGC 388, NGC 385 forms a galaxy cluster called Arp 331.
NGC 386 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Pisces. It was discovered on November 4, 1850, by Bindon Stoney. It was described by Dreyer as "considerably faint, small, round." Along with galaxies NGC 375, NGC 379, NGC 382, NGC 383, NGC 384, NGC 385, NGC 387 and NGC 388, NGC 386 forms a galaxy cluster called Arp 331.
NGC 681 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus, located approximately 66.5 million light-years from Earth.
