NGC 1380

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NGC 1380
NGC1380.jpg
NGC 1380 by Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Fornax
Right ascension 03h 36m 28.6s [1]
Declination −34° 58′ 34″ [1]
Redshift 0.006261 ± 0.000040 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1,877 ± 12 km/s [1]
Distance 60.1 ± 12.1 Mly (18.4 ± 3.7 Mpc) [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)9.9
Characteristics
Type SA0 [1]
Apparent size  (V)4.8′ × 2.3′ [1]
Other designations
ESO 358- G028, AM 0334-350, MCG -06-09-002, PGC 13318 [1]

NGC 1380 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Fornax. It is located at a distance of circa 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1380 is about 85,000 light years across. [1] It was discovered by James Dunlop on September 2, 1826. [2] It is a member of the Fornax Cluster. [3]

Contents

Supermassive black hole and nucleus

In the centre of NGC 1380 lies a supermassive black hole whose mass is estimated to be 2.2+1.8
−0.9×108  M☉ based on the velocity dispersion of the globular clusters of the galaxy. [4] The nucleus of NGC 1380 is a probable LINER, based on its narrow emission lines. [5] No broad line region has been detected in NGC 1380. The nuclear spectrum appears reddened, maybe due to the presence of gas and dust around the nucleus, maybe a result of mergers. There appears to be a second element in the nucleus of the galaxy, maybe an HII region. [6] NGC 1380 features a gas disk which co-rotates with the stellar disk, suggesting an internal origin. [5] There is an HII region 1.8 arcseconds south of the nucleus and a diffuse H-alpha region, another HII region, observed 1.8 arcseconds north of the nucleus. [7] The X-ray emission from the galaxy as observed by ROSAT can be explained as thermal emission from a hot interstellar medium and no hard component was detected. [8]

Globular clusters

It is estimated that there are 555±33 globular clusters in NGC 1380. There are two district populations of globular clusters, one red and one blue. The blue globular clusters have similar color and magnitude as the globular clusters in the halo of the Milky Way, but have a flatter surface density profile. The red globular clusters form the majority of the globular clusters of the galaxy. They have similar distribution to the stellar disk of NGC 1380 and have slightly higher metallicity than the globular clusters in the Milky Way, and are associated with the bulge of the galaxy. [9] Based on their size, there are three star cluster populations, the typical globular clusters, with effective radius under 3 kpc, the diffuse star clusters, with effective radius circa 5 kpc, and the faint fuzzy clusters, with effective radius over 8 kpc. The typical globular clusters are closer to the nucleus than the diffuse star clusters. [10]

Environment

NGC 1380 lies in the central part of the Fornax Cluster, 35 arcminutes northwest of the large elliptical galaxy NGC 1399. In the same field of view lie the galaxies NGC 1380A, NGC 1379, NGC 1381, NGC 1382, and NGC 1387. NGC 1380 lies 2 degrees north-northeast of χ2 Fornacis and because of its high surface brightness can be spotted with a five inch telescope even from bright suburban skies. [11]

One supernova has been detected in NGC 1380: SN 1992A, a type Ia supernova with peak magnitude of 12.8. [12]

Based on the properties of its inner stellar halo, it appears that NGC 1380 went through a massive galaxy merger event about 10 billion years ago. The now-consumed satellite galaxy contributed 3.7+2.7
−1.5×1010  M☉ to the mass of NGC 1380, which is about one-fifth of its current mass. [3]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2787</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1427</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1427 is a low-luminosity elliptical galaxy located approximately 71 million light-years away from Earth. It was discovered by John Frederick William Herschel on November 28, 1837. It is a member of the Fornax Cluster. The galaxy has a stellar mass of 7.9 × 1010M☉, and a total mass of 9.4 × 1010M☉. However, the mass of the dark matter halo surrounding the galaxy is around 4.3 × 1012M☉.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7552</span> Galaxy in the constellation Grus

NGC 7552 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Grus. It is at a distance of roughly 60 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7552 is about 75,000 light years across. It forms with three other spiral galaxies the Grus Quartet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5643</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lupus

NGC 5643 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Lupus. Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it is located at a distance of about 40 million light-years. NGC 5643 has an active galactic nucleus and is a type II Seyfert galaxy.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3256</span> Peculiar galaxy in the constellation Vela

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 708</span> Galaxy in the constellation Andromeda

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 720</span> Galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 720 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It is located at a distance of circa 80 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 720 is about 110,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 3, 1785. The galaxy is included in the Herschel 400 Catalogue. It lies about three and a half degrees south and slightly east from zeta Ceti.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4636</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4636 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is a member of the NGC 4753 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster. It is located at a distance of about 55 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4636 is about 105,000 light years across.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5846</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 5846 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of circa 90 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5846 is about 110,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on February 24, 1786. It lies near 110 Virginis and is part of the Herschel 400 Catalogue. It is a member of the NGC 5846 Group of galaxies, itself one of the Virgo III Groups strung out to the east of the Virgo Supercluster of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1386</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1459</span> Elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Grus

IC 1459 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 85 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that IC 1459 is about 130,000 light-years across. It was discovered by Edward Emerson Barnard in 1892.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4278</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4278 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Coma Berenices. It is located at a distance of circa 55 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4278 is about 65,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 13, 1785. NGC 4278 is part of the Herschel 400 Catalogue and can be found about one and 3/4 of a degree northwest of Gamma Comae Berenices even with a small telescope.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1142</span> Interacting and distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 1142 is a distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 370 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 1142 is approximately 170,000 light years across. It is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy. It interacts with the elliptical galaxy NGC 1141.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1369</span> Galaxy of the Fornax Cluster

NGC 1369 is a barred lenticular galaxy located 59 millon light years away in constellation of Eridanus. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Julius Schmidt on January 19, 1865, and is a member of the Fornax Cluster. NGC 1369 is a host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 1.8 millon solar masses.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 1380. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  2. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 1380 (= PGC 13419)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  3. 1 2 Zhu, Ling; Van De Ven, Glenn; Leaman, Ryan; Pillepich, Annalisa; Coccato, Lodovico; Ding, Yuchen; Falcón-Barroso, Jesús; Iodice, Enrichetta; Navarro, Ignacio Martin; Pinna, Francesca; Corsini, Enrico Maria; Gadotti, Dimitri A.; Fahrion, Katja; Lyubenova, Mariya; Mao, Shude; McDermid, Richard; Poci, Adriano; Sarzi, Marc; De Zeeuw, Tim (2022). "The Fornax3D project: Discovery of ancient massive merger events in the Fornax cluster galaxies NGC 1380 and NGC 1427". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 664: A115. arXiv: 2203.15822 . Bibcode:2022A&A...664A.115Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243109. S2CID   247793082.
  4. ↑ Pota, Vincenzo; Graham, Alister W.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Brodie, Jean P.; Strader, Jay (July 2013). "The SLUGGS survey: probing the supermassive black hole connection with bulges and haloes using red and blue globular cluster systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 433 (1): 235–242. arXiv: 1304.6723 . Bibcode:2013MNRAS.433..235P. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stt718 . S2CID   35877048.
  5. 1 2 Ricci, T. V.; Steiner, J. E.; Menezes, R. B. (May 2014). "Integral field unit spectroscopy of 10 early-type galactic nuclei – I. Principal component analysis Tomography and nuclear activity". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 440 (3): 2419–2441. arXiv: 1403.6840 . Bibcode:2014MNRAS.440.2419R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu441 . S2CID   118598358.
  6. ↑ Ricci, T. V.; Steiner, J. E.; Menezes, R. B. (May 2014). "IFU spectroscopy of 10 early-type galactic nuclei – II. Nuclear emission line properties". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 440 (3): 2442–2456. arXiv: 1403.6846 . Bibcode:2014MNRAS.440.2442R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu442 . S2CID   119255795.
  7. ↑ Ricci, T. V.; Steiner, J. E.; Menezes, R. B. (29 June 2015). "IFU spectroscopy of 10 early-type galactic nuclei – III. Properties of the circumnuclear gas emission". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 451 (4): 3728–3758. arXiv: 1506.03459 . Bibcode:2015MNRAS.451.3728R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stv1156 . S2CID   118568205.
  8. ↑ Schlegel, Eric M.; Petre, Robert; Loewenstein, Michael (February 1998). "ROSAT Observations of X-Ray–faint S0 Galaxies: NGC 1380". The Astronomical Journal. 115 (2): 525–534. Bibcode:1998AJ....115..525S. doi: 10.1086/300217 .
  9. ↑ Kissler-Patig, M.; Richtler, T.; Storm, J.; della Valle, M. (1 November 1997). "Halo and bulge/disk globular clusters in the S0 galaxy NGC 1380". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 327: 503–512. arXiv: astro-ph/9706303 . Bibcode:1997A&A...327..503K. ISSN   0004-6361.
  10. ↑ Chies-Santos, A. L.; Santiago, B. X.; Pastoriza, M. G. (26 March 2007). "High resolution imaging of the early-type galaxy NGC 1380: an insight into the nature of extended extragalactic star clusters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 467 (3): 1003–1009. arXiv: astro-ph/0702715 . Bibcode:2007A&A...467.1003C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066546. S2CID   17997095.
  11. ↑ O'Meara, Stephen James (2013). Deep-Sky Companions: Southern Gems. Cambridge University Press. pp. 78–80. Bibcode:2013dcsg.book.....O. ISBN   9781107015012.
  12. ↑ List of Supernovae IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 29 December 2015.


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