Graphium macleayanus

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Macleay's swallowtail
Graphium macleayanus.jpg
Macleay's swallowtail (Graphium macleayanus moggana), Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park, Tasmania, Australia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Genus: Graphium
Species:
G. macleayanus
Binomial name
Graphium macleayanus
(Leach, 1814) [1]
Graphium macleayanus range.png
Range of Macleay's swallowtail
  G. m. moggana;   G. m. macleayanus

Graphium macleayanus, the Macleay's swallowtail, is a butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. The species was named after Alexander Macleay. [2] [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

Macleay's swallowtail was first described by William Elford Leach in 1814. Two subspecies are recorded in Australia, [1] the nominate form, G. m. macleayanus and G. m. moggana, which was first described by Leonard Edgar Couchman in 1965. [4] The name is synonymous with Papilio macleayanus.

Description

Illustration Graphium macleayanus (ento-csiro-au).jpg
Illustration

The caterpillar grows to a length of 4 cm. The pupa is green with thin yellow lines.

The adult female Macleay's swallowtail has a wingspan of 59 mm, whilst the adult male has a wingspan of 53 mm. [5] The upperside of the wing is green with white markings and black edges. [6] The lower surface is a deeper green with black, brown and white markings. [6] The lower wings are strongly tailed. [7]

Distribution and habitat

The Macleay's swallowtail is one of the most widely distributed swallowtail butterflies in Australia. [8] It is found in eastern Australia including the ACT, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania. It is the only swallowtail found in Tasmania. [9] The species has also been found on Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island, but not since 1893. [1] The habitat of the species includes urban areas, forests, woodlands and heath. [10]

Behaviour

The caterpillars are green, with small white dots all over the body and a humped thorax. They feed on the foliage of members in the Atherosperma , Cinnamomum , Cryptocarya , Daphnandra , Doryphora , Endiandra and Tasmannia genera. [11]

The adults feed on nectar from flowers, including the genera Leptospermum , Lantana and Buddleia . [5] The flight period is from August to March. [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Papilio demoleus</i> Species of butterfly

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<i>Graphium agamemnon</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium agamemnon, the tailed jay, is a predominantly green and black tropical butterfly that belongs to the swallowtail family. The butterfly is also called the green-spotted triangle, tailed green jay, or green triangle. It is a common, non-threatened species native to Nepal, India, Sri Lanka through Southeast Asia and Australia. Several geographic races are recognized. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

<i>Graphium doson</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium doson, the common jay, is a black, tropical papilionid (swallowtail) butterfly with pale blue semi-transparent central wing bands that are formed by large spots. There is a marginal series of smaller spots. The underside of wings is brown with markings similar to upperside but whitish in colour. The sexes look alike. The species was first described by father and son entomologists Cajetan and Rudolf Felder.

<i>Graphium eurypylus</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium eurypylus, the great jay or pale green triangle, is a species of tropical butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae.

<i>Papilio aegeus</i> Species of butterfly

Papilio aegeus, the orchard swallowtail butterfly or large citrus butterfly is a species of butterfly from the family Papilionidae, that is found in eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea.

<i>Protographium leosthenes</i> Species of butterfly

Protographium leosthenes, the four-barred swordtail, is a medium-sized butterfly of the family Papilionidae found in Australia. It is similar to the five-barred swordtail found in both Australia and India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silky hairstreak</span> Species of butterfly

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<i>Graphium angolanus</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium angolanus, the Angola white lady, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Sub-Saharan Africa.

<i>Graphium leonidas</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium leonidas, the veined swordtail, veined swallowtail or common graphium, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae, found in Sub-Saharan Africa.

<i>Graphium antheus</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium antheus, the large or larger striped swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails), found in tropical and sub-Saharan Africa.

<i>Graphium policenes</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium policenes, the common swordtail or small striped swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in tropical Africa.

<i>Graphium porthaon</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium porthaon, the coastal swordtail, cream-striped swordtail or dark swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae, found in tropical western Africa.

<i>Graphium colonna</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium colonna, the black swordtail or mamba swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Africa.

<i>Graphium polistratus</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium polistratus, the dancing swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the coast of Kenya, Tanzania, northern Malawi and Mozambique. Its habitat consists of warm and coastal forests.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Macleay's swallowtail". CSIRO and Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. 18 September 2004. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  2. Herbison-Evans, Don; Newman, Stewart; Crossley, Stella (5 September 2009). "Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814)". Archived from the original on 11 October 2009. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
  3. Stacey, Robyn; Hay, Ashley (24 October 2007). Museum: the Macleays, their collections and the search for order. Cambridge University Press, 2007. ISBN   978-0-521-87453-3.
  4. "Names List for Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814)". Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. 9 October 2008. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  5. 1 2 "Macleay's Swallowtail ( Graphium macleayanus )". OzAnimals.com. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  6. 1 2 "Graphium macleayanus – JCU". Archived from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
  7. Tasmanian year book, Issue 11. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Tasmanian Office. 1977.
  8. Australian natural history, Volume 14. Australian Museum. 1962.
  9. Charles Barrett; Alexander N. Burns (1951). Butterflies of Australia and New Guinea. N. H. Seward.
  10. "Macleay's Swallowtail Fact File". Australian Museum. 4 November 2009. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  11. "Host taxa for Graphium macleayanus (Leach, 1814)". Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. 9 October 2008. Archived from the original on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  12. Daley, Elizabeth (2007). Wings: An introduction to Tasmania's winged insects. Riffles Pty Ltd.