Graphium (butterfly)

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Graphium
Graphium macleayanus.jpg
Macleay's swallowtail ( Graphium macleayanus )
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Tribe: Leptocircini
Genus: Graphium
Scopoli, 1777
Species

More than 100; see text

Synonyms
  • ZelimaFabricius, 1807
  • ArisbeHübner, [1819]
  • IdaidesHübner, [1819]
  • ZetidesHübner, [1819]
  • AilusBillberg, 1820
  • ChlorissesSwainson, [1832]
  • SemicudatiKoch, 1860
  • PathysaReakirt, [1865]
  • DalchinaMoore, [1881]
  • ParanticopsisWood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1887
  • PazalaMoore, 1888
  • DeorisMoore, [1903]
  • KlinzigiaNiculescu, 1977 (nec Lehrer, 1970)
  • KlinzigianaNiculescu, 1989
  • EurypyleanaNiculescu, 1989
  • MacfarlaneanaNiculescu, 1989
  • MunroanaNiculescu, 1989
  • WallaceanaNiculescu, 1989

Graphium is a genus of mostly tropical swallowtail butterflies commonly known as swordtails, kite swallowtails, or ladies. Native to Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania, the genus is represented by over 100 species. Their colouration is as variable as the habitats they frequent; from rainforest to savannah. Some possess tails which may be long and swordlike, while others lack any hindwing extensions. Graphium species are often sighted at mud puddles.

Contents

The more colourful species are popular with collectors and are commonly seen mounted in frames for sale. Well-known species include the tailed jay (Graphium agamemnon), common bluebottle (G. sarpedon), and the purple-spotted swallowtail (G. weiskei). One species, G. idaeoides , is notable for being a perfect mimic of the danainid Idea leuconoe .

Larvae feed variously on Annonaceae (most commonly), Magnoliaceae (commonly), Lauraceae (commonly), Rutaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Bombacaceae, Piperaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Malpighiaceae, Hernandiaceae, Guttiferae, Monimiaceae, Pandanaceae, Winteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae.

Note that there is a genus of fungi also called Graphium.

Species

Graphium caterpillar Graphium caterpillar.jpg
Graphium caterpillar
Graphium agamemnon Graphium agamemnon 2007-09-01 436.jpg
Graphium agamemnon

Listed alphabetically: [1] [2]

subgenus: Idaides

species group : codrus
species group: eurypylus
species group: wallacei

subgenus: ArisbeHübner, [1819]

species group: antheus
species group: policenes
species group: angolanus
species group: leonidas
species group: tynderaeus
species group: philonoe
  • Graphium philonoe (Ward, 1873) – eastern white-lady swordtail, eastern graphium, white-dappled swallowtail
species group: adamastor

subgenus: Pathysa

species group: antiphates

subgenus: ParanticopsisWood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1887

subgenus: PazalaMoore, 1888

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Papilio</i> Genus of butterflies

Papilio is a genus in the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini. The word papilio is Latin for butterfly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-bodied swallowtail</span> Species of butterfly

Red-bodied swallowtails or ruby swallowtail are butterflies in the swallowtail family, that belong to the genera Atrophaneura, Byasa, Losaria, or Pachliopta. They are generally found in Asia.

<i>Parides</i> Genus of butterflies

Parides, commonly called cattlehearts, is a genus of swallowtail butterflies in the family Papilionidae. They are found in the Americas.

Graphium simoni is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic.

<i>Graphium adamastor</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium adamastor, the Boisduval's white lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

<i>Graphium agamedes</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium agamedes, the Westwood's white lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of the forest/savanna transition zone.

<i>Graphium schubotzi</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium schubotzi is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in eastern Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its habitat consists of the forest/savanna transition zone.

<i>Graphium almansor</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium almansor, the Almansor white-lady swordtail or Honrath's white lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Guinea, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and possibly Rwanda and Burundi.

Graphium rileyi, the Riley's graphium or blotched lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Ivory Coast and central Ghana. Its habitat consists of semi-deciduous and upland forests.

Graphium kigoma is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Tanzania, from the western part of the country to the Kigoma District. The habitat consists of forests and heavy woodland.

<i>Graphium ucalegon</i> Species of butterfly

Graphium ucalegon, the creamy graphium, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Tanzania. Its habitat consists of primary forests.

References

  1. ↑ Savela, Markku (April 15, 2019). "Graphium Scopoli, 1777". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  2. ↑ Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN   978-1-86872-724-7.
  3. ↑ Global Names Index
  4. ↑ Graphium mullah kooichii
  5. ↑ Cotton, A.M. & Racheli, T. [2007] Preliminary Annotated Checklist of the Papilionidae of Laos with Notes on Taxonomy, Phenology, Distribution and Variation (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea).Fragmenta Entomologica, Roma, 38(2): 279-378.
  6. ↑ "A New Species of the Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus Group (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) from Central Vietnam". Sarasaviya. 10 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
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