HLA-B57

Last updated June 27, 2024


HLA-B (alpha)-β2MG with bound peptide
major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, B57
Alleles	5701, 5702, 5703, 5704, *5708^[1]
Structure (See HLA-B)
Shared data
Locus	chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-B57 (B57) is an HLA-B serotype. B57 is a split antigen from the B17 broad antigen, the sister serotype being B58.^[2] The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*57 gene products.^[1] (For terminology help see: HLA-serotype tutorial.) Like B58, B57 is involved in drug-induced inflammatory skin disorders.

Disease

HLA-B*5701 is associated with drug-induced inflammatory disease of the skin. Individuals with B57 are more sensitive to the drug abacavir.^[3] Abacavir is an antiretroviral drug used in treatment of HIV, however in sensitive individuals fever, skin rash, fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or abdominal pain and respiratory symptoms such as pharyngitis, dyspnea, or cough can develop. FDA has advised that people from at-risk ethnic groups, (see alle distribution table) be screened prior to drug-therapy.^[4] [Note: phenotype frequencies are roughly double allele frequencies -tabled values- when allele frequency is less than 30%]

The mechanism by which abacavir causes this type 4 hypersensitivity reaction is by binding in the antigen-binding cleft of the HLA-B*57:01 protein, allowing new, "non-self" antigens to bind and be presented to T cells.^[5]

Serotype

B57 and B17 serotype recognition of some more common HLA B*57 alleles^[6]
B*57	B57	B17	Sample
allele	%	%	size (N)
*5701	92	5	3670
*5702	78	8	65
*5703	85	6	412
*5704	67	7	32

Allele distribution

**HLA B*5701 frequencies**
		freq
ref.	Population	(%)
^[7]	South Africa Natal Tamil	10.2
^[7]	India Tamil Nadu Nadar	8.2
^[7]	Spain E. Andalusia Gipsy	7.1
^[7]	Ireland South	5.8
^[7]	India North Delhi	4.9
^[7]	India New Delhi	3.8
^[7]	Ireland Northern	3.8
^[7]	Azores Central Islands	3.6
^[7]	Cuban White	3.6
^[7]	France South East	3.5
^[7]	China Guangzhou Han	3.3
^[7]	China North Han	3.3
^[7]	Czech Republic	3.3
^[7]	Russia Tuva (2)	3.3
^[7]	Cape Verde NW Islands	3.2
^[7]	Azores Terceira Island	3.1
^[7]	Portugal South	3.1
^[7]	Thailand (3)	3.1
^[7]	Uganda Kampala	3.1
^[7]	Portugal Centre	3.0
^[7]	Tunisia	3.0
^[7]	India Andhra Pradesh Golla	2.9
^[7]	Belgium	2.0
^[7]	China Inner Mongolia	2.0
^[7]	Croatia	2.0
^[7]	SP Javanese Indonesians	2.0
^[7]	Singapore Riau Malay	2.0
^[7]	India North Hindus	1.9
^[7]	Bulgaria	1.8
^[7]	Thailand	1.8
^[7]	Finland	1.7
^[7]	Macedonia pop 4	1.6
^[7]	Madeira	1.6
^[7]	Indig. Australian Cape York Penin.	1.5
^[7]	Israel Arab Druse	1.5
^[7]	Sudanese	1.5
^[7]	Morocco Nador Metalsa (Berber)	1.4
^[7]	Oman	1.3
^[7]	Mexico Mestizos	1.2
^[7]	Zambia Lusaka	1.1
^[7]	Shijiazhuang Tianjian Han	1.0
^[7]	Iran Baloch	1.0
^[7]	USA Asian	1.0

**HLA B*5702 frequencies**
		freq
ref.	Population	(%)
^[7]	Zambia Lusaka	2.3
^[7]	Senegal Niokholo Mandenka	1.6
^[7]	Kenya	1.4
^[7]	Mali Bandiagara	1.1
^[7]	South African Natal Zulu	1.0
*B5703**
^[7]	Zambia Lusaka	5.7
^[7]	Cameroon Bakola Pygmy	5.0
^[7]	Ivory Coast Akan Adiopodoume	4.6
^[7]	Zimbabwe Harare Shona	4.4
^[7]	South African Natal Zulu	4.0
^[7]	Cameroon Bamileke	3.2
^[7]	Cameroon Beti	3.2
^[7]	Kenya Nandi	2.9
^[7]	Israel Ashk. & Non-Ashk. Jews	2.8
^[7]	Cameroon Yaounde	2.7
^[7]	Tunisia Tunis	2.3
^[7]	Saudi Arabia Guraiat and Hail	1.5

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-A1</span> Human leukocyte antigen serotype

HLA-A1 (A1) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A "A" serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α¹ subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A1, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*01 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. This group currently is dominated by A*01:01. A1 and A*01 are almost synonymous in meaning. A1 is more common in Europe than elsewhere, it is part of a long haplotype that appears to have been frequent in the ancient peoples of Northwestern Europe. A1 is a frequent component of the AH8.1 haplotype. A1 serotype positivity is roughly linked to a large number of inflammatory diseases and conditions believed to have immune system involvement. Because of its linkage within the AH8.1 haplotype many studies showed association with A1 or A1,B8 only later to show the association drift toward the class II region gene alleles, DR3 and DQ2.5. While it is not clear what role A1 has in infectious disease, some linkage with infection rates in HIV remain associated within the A1 region of the haplotype.

HLA-A69 (A69) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α⁶⁹ subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A69, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*69 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. This group currently is dominated by A*6901. A69 and A*69 are almost synonymous in meaning. A69 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A28. A69 is a sister serotype of A68.

HLA-A23 (A23) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α²³ subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A23, the alpha, "A", chain are encoded by the HLA-A*23 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. This group currently is dominated by A*2301. A23 and A*23 are almost synonymous in meaning. A23 is a split antigen of the broad antigen HLA-A9 and it is a sister serotype of HLA-A24.

HLA-A33 (A33) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α³³ subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A33, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*33 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. A33 and A*33 are almost synonymous in meaning. A33 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A19. A33 is a sister serotype of A29, A30, A31, A32, and A74.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-B*82</span>

HLA-B*82 (B*82) is an HLA-B allele-group. There is no current useful serotyping for HLA-B*82 gene products. B*8201 was first identified by sequence analysis and appears to be derived by gene conversion between B*5602 and another HLA class I allele., later B*8202 was identified in a caucasian and was suggested to be ancestral to B*8201, as product between gene conversion of B*5602 allele and B*4501 allele. B*82 is more common in East Africa, Kenya and Sudan, the frequency of B*8201 is found in the peoples to the west, sporadically in Central and West Africa, B*8202 is found in Sudan and Saudi Arabia.

HLA-B73 (B73) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the HLA-B*7301 gene product. Part of B*7301 is similar to the HLA-B22 family, however part resembles the domains seen in other apes. B73 is more common in Western Indian Ocean, Mediterranean and Africa.

HLA-B67 (B67) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*67 gene products. B67 is region specific recombinant haplotype formed by the gene conversion of B*39, an allele common along the Northwest Pacific Rim, and B7, B22, or B27.

HLA-B59 (B59) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*## gene products. B59 is a hybrid between B*55 and B*51. B59 is more common in Japan, Korea, N. China and Mongolia.

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms or drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also termed drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), is a rare reaction to certain medications. It involves primarily a widespread skin rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and characteristic blood abnormalities such as an abnormally high level of eosinophils, low number of platelets, and increased number of atypical white blood cells (lymphocytes). However, DRESS is often complicated by potentially life-threatening inflammation of internal organs and the syndrome has about a 10% mortality rate. Treatment consists of stopping the offending medication and providing supportive care. Systemic corticosteroids are commonly used as well but no controlled clinical trials have assessed the efficacy of this treatment.

HLA-B37 (B37) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*37 gene products.

HLA-B18 (B18) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*18 gene products. B*1801, the most common allele is at highest frequencies in Northern Italy and the Balkans, a peak frequency distribution it shares with B*3501.

HLA-B17 (B17) is an HLA - B serotype. B17 is a broad antigen serotype that recognizes the B57 and B58 split antigen serotypes. B17 is still encountered in the current literature, although most studies now use B57/B58 or gene typing designators. Both serotypes are involved in slightly different drug-sensitive diseases.

HLA-B55 (B55) is an HLA-B serotype. B55 is a split antigen from the B22 broad antigen, sister serotypes are B54 and B56. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*55 gene products.

HLA-B54 (B54) is an HLA-B serotype. B54 is a split antigen from the B22 broad antigen, sister serotypes are B55 and B56. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*55 gene products.

HLA-B50 (B50) is an HLA-B serotype. B50 is a split antigen from the B21 broad antigen, the sister serotype B49. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*50 gene products.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-B58</span> Human leukocyte antigen serotype

HLA-B58 (B58) is an HLA-B serotype. B58 is a split antigen from the B17 broad antigen, the sister serotype B57. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*58 gene products. B*5801 is associated with allopurinol induced inflammatory necrotic skin disease.

HLA-B51 (B51) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the more common HLA-B*51 gene products.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-B75</span> Human leukocyte antigen serotype

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-B63</span> Human leukocyte antigen serotype

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-B62</span> Human leukocyte antigen serotype

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References

1 2 Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Fernández-Viña M, Geraghty DE, Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Lau M, Lee KW, Mach B, Maiers M, Mayr WR, Müller CR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Tiercy JM, Trowsdale J (2010). "Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010". Tissue Antigens. 75 (4): 291–455. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01466.x. PMC 2848993 . PMID 20356336.
↑ Ways JP, Coppin HL, Parham P (1985). "The complete primary structure of HLA-Bw58". J. Biol. Chem. 260 (22): 11924–33. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38967-6 . PMID 2995352.
↑ Chung WH, Hung SI, Chen YT (August 2007). "Human leukocyte antigens and drug hypersensitivity". Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 7 (4): 317–23. doi:10.1097/ACI.0b013e3282370c5f. PMID 17620823. S2CID 31415054.
↑ https://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/InfoSheets/HCP/abacavirHCP.htm FDA abacavir alert web access July 29, 2008
↑ Illing PT, Vivian JP, Dudek NL, Kostenko L, Chen Z, Bharadwaj M, Miles JJ, Kjer-Nielsen L, Gras S, Williamson NA, Burrows SR (2012-06-28). "Immune self-reactivity triggered by drug-modified HLA-peptide repertoire". Nature. 486 (7404): 554–558. Bibcode:2012Natur.486..554I. doi: 10.1038/nature11147 . ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 22722860. S2CID 4408811.
↑ derived from IMGT/HLA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Middleton D, Menchaca L, Rood H, Komerofsky R (2003). "New allele frequency database". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–7. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x . PMID 12753660.

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[pmid15787720-1] 1 2 Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Bontrop RE, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Fernández-Viña M, Geraghty DE, Holdsworth R, Hurley CK, Lau M, Lee KW, Mach B, Maiers M, Mayr WR, Müller CR, Parham P, Petersdorf EW, Sasazuki T, Strominger JL, Svejgaard A, Terasaki PI, Tiercy JM, Trowsdale J (2010). "Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010". Tissue Antigens. 75 (4): 291–455. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01466.x. PMC 2848993 . PMID 20356336.

[pmid2995352-2] Ways JP, Coppin HL, Parham P (1985). "The complete primary structure of HLA-Bw58". J. Biol. Chem. 260 (22): 11924–33. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38967-6 . PMID 2995352.

[pmid17620823-3] Chung WH, Hung SI, Chen YT (August 2007). "Human leukocyte antigens and drug hypersensitivity". Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 7 (4): 317–23. doi:10.1097/ACI.0b013e3282370c5f. PMID 17620823. S2CID 31415054.

[fda08242008-4] ttps://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/InfoSheets/HCP/abacavirHCP.htm FDA abacavir alert web access July 29, 2008

[5] Illing PT, Vivian JP, Dudek NL, Kostenko L, Chen Z, Bharadwaj M, Miles JJ, Kjer-Nielsen L, Gras S, Williamson NA, Burrows SR (2012-06-28). "Immune self-reactivity triggered by drug-modified HLA-peptide repertoire". Nature. 486 (7404): 554–558. Bibcode:2012Natur.486..554I. doi: 10.1038/nature11147 . ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 22722860. S2CID 4408811.

[6] rived from IMGT/HLA

[pmid12753660-7] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Middleton D, Menchaca L, Rood H, Komerofsky R (2003). "New allele frequency database". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–7. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x . PMID 12753660.

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