See also
Y-DNA Q-M242 subclades
Y-DNA backbone tree
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Footnotes
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| Haplogroup Q-L804 | |
|---|---|
| Possible time of origin | 3,000-15,000 years ago |
| Possible place of origin | Beringia: Either East Asia or North Asia |
| Ancestor | Q-L54 |
| Descendants | Q-Y9052, Q-A13540, Q-JN15, Q-Y16137, Q-Y7582 |
| Defining mutations | L804 (rs1952836) |
Haplogroup Q-L804 (Y-DNA) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup Q-L804 is a subclade of Haplogroup Q-L54. Currently Q-L804 is Q1b1a1b below Q1b-M346. [1]
In 2000 the research group at Oxford University headed by Dr. Agnar Helgason first discovered the haplotype that was much later to become known as Q-L804. In 2000 the strange haplotype was called “branch-A” (i.e. R1b-branch A) and it was found uniquely on Iceland and Scandinavia. [2] Later studies completed the genetic bridge by determining that Q-L804 is related to Q-M242 populations of Native Americans, Turkmen (Q-M3) and Siberian populations of the Selkup and Ket people (Q-L54*xM3). [3] [4]
The origin of Haplogroup Q-L804 is uncertain. However it is likely to have originated in Beringia (North East Siberia) c. 15000 to 17000 yBP since it is closely linked to Q-M3 and to other haplogroups linked to the indigenous peoples of the Americas (over 90% of indigenous people in Meso & South America). Today, Q-L804 is found mainly in Norway and Sweden and in regions of North West Europe of Viking Age Expansion (British Isles, Atlantic Isles, Northern Germany, Normandy and Poland). The Q-L804 is also found among descendants of Scandinavian immigrants to North America. Haplogroup Q-L804 is defined by the presence of the (L804) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Q-L804 occurred on the Q-L54 lineage roughly 10-15 thousand years ago as the migration into the Americas was underway. It is likely that the split between Q-M3 and Q-L804 happened in the ancestors of the indigenous peoples of the Americas.
Populations carrying Q-L804 are extremely thinly distributed throughout Northern Europe and among recent North European immigrants to North America. Since the discovery and definition of Q-L804 in 2014, three main subclades of Q-L804 bearing populations have been discovered in North Europe. The Q-Y9052 , the Q-JN14 and Q-Y7582. Of these three branches Q-JN14 has the widest distribution, ranging from Poland to Iceland, British Isles and France. Q-L804 is one of two subclades known as Q Nordic among genealogical communities. The Q-L527 is the other subclad of the Q Nordic.
Q-Y9052 (BY459). This lineage is found in Sweden, Norway and Germany.
Q-JN14 It has been found in Norway, Iceland, British Isles, Germany, France and Poland.
Q-Y7582 (BY386). This lineage has been found in Scotland, Iceland and England.
The L804 was discovered and defined by Thomas Krahn of Family Tree DNA's Genomics Research Center in 2012. [5] The technical details of L804 are:
Q-L804 is defined by the SNPs L804 and L805 and E324.
Current status of the polygenetic tree for Q-L804 is published by Pinotti et al. in the article Y Chromosome Sequences Reveal a Short Beringian Standstill, Rapid Expansion, and early Population structure of Native American Founders. Calibrated phylogeny of Y haplogroup Q-L804 and its relation to the other branches of Q-L54. [6]
Yfull.com's phylogenetic tree ver. 6.08.01 for for haplogroup Q-L804. Yfull's tree also include estimation of the age of the branches, and TMRCA (Time to Most Recent Common Ancestor)
Family Tree DNA Y-DNA haplotree for haplogroup Q-L804
The subtree Q-BY387 is found on Iceland, Scotland and England. The Q-JN14 is widely distributed in North-west Europe, but most kits are from Norway. The subtree Q-BY459 is by FT DNA mainly found in Sweden and Norway.
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Footnotes
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Haplogroup M is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. An enormous haplogroup spanning all the continents, the macro-haplogroup M, like its sibling the macro-haplogroup N, is a descendant of the haplogroup L3.
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup A is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup Z is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
Haplogroup Q or Q-M242 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It has one primary subclade, Haplogroup Q1 (L232/S432), which includes numerous subclades that have been sampled and identified in males among modern populations.
Haplogroup Q-M3 (Y-DNA) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup Q-M3 is a subclade of Haplogroup Q-L54. Haplogroup Q-M3 was previously known as Haplogroup Q3; currently Q-M3 is Q1b1a1a below Q1b-M346.
Haplogroup I-M253, also known as I1, is a Y chromosome haplogroup. The genetic markers confirmed as identifying I-M253 are the SNPs M253,M307.2/P203.2, M450/S109, P30, P40, L64, L75, L80, L81, L118, L121/S62, L123, L124/S64, L125/S65, L157.1, L186, and L187. It is a primary branch of Haplogroup I-M170 (I*).
Haplogroup I-M438, also known as I2, is a human DNA Y-chromosome haplogroup, a subclade of haplogroup I-M170. Haplogroup I-M438 originated some time around 26,000–31,000 BCE. It originated in Europe and developed into several main subgroups: I2-M438*, I2a-L460, I2b-L415 and I2c-L596. The haplogroup can be found all over Europe and reaches its maximum frequency in the Dinaric Alps (Balkans) via founder effect, related to the migrations of the Early Slavs to the Balkan peninsula.
In human population genetics, Y-Chromosome haplogroups define the major lineages of direct paternal (male) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. Men in the same haplogroup share a set of differences, or markers, on their Y-Chromosome, which distinguish them from men in other haplogroups. These UEPs, or markers used to define haplogroups, are SNP mutations. Y-Chromosome Haplogroups all form "family trees" or "phylogenies", with both branches or sub-clades diverging from a common haplogroup ancestor, and also with all haplogroups themselves linked into one family tree which traces back ultimately to the most recent shared male line ancestor of all men alive today, called in popular science Y Chromosome Adam.
The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas during about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago, and European contact, after about 500 years ago. The first period of the genetic history of Indigenous Americans is the determinant factor for the number of genetic lineages, zygosity mutations, and founding haplotypes present in today's Indigenous American populations.
Haplogroup Q-M346 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q. Haplogroup Q-M346 is defined by the presence of the M346 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup Q-L54 is a subclade of Y-DNA haplogroup Q-L53. Q1a3a-L54 is defined by the presence of the L54 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup Q-L275 or Haplogroup Q2 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup believed to have originated in Eurasia. Haplogroup Q-L275 is defined by the presence of the L275 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Haplogroup Q-L275 can be identified through genealogical DNA testing.
Haplogroup Q-NWT01 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-MEH2. Haplogroup Q-NWT01 is defined by the presence of the NWT01 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup Q-P89.1 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-MEH2. Haplogroup Q-P89.1 is defined by the presence of the P89.1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). In 2010, Q-P89.1 was reclassified as "private" and removed from the haplotree.
Haplogroup Q-M25, also known as Q1a1b is a subclade or branch of human Y-DNA haplogroup Q-F1096 (Q1a1), which is, in turn, a subclade of Q-MEH2 (Q1a). In human genetics, each Y-DNA haplogroup constitutes a biological paternal lineages back to a shared common male ancestor.
Haplogroup Q-M120, also known as Q1a1a1, is a Y-DNA haplogroup. It is the only primary branch of haplogroup Q1a1a (F746/NWT01). The lineage is most common amongst modern populations in eastern Eurasia.
Q-L53 is a subclade of haplogroup Q-M346. Q-L53 is defined by the presence of the L53 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup Q-Z780 is a subclade of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-L54. Q-Z780 is defined by the presence of the Z780 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup Q-M323 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-M346. Haplogroup Q-M323 is defined by the presence of the M323 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Haplogroup C-M48 also known as C2b1a2 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.
