Hazelfield | |
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| Nearest city | Shenandoah Junction, West Virginia |
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| Coordinates | 39°22′25.73″N77°51′34.67″W / 39.3738139°N 77.8596306°W |
| Built | 1815 |
| NRHP reference No. | 76001938 |
| Added to NRHP | December 12, 1976 [1] |
Hazelfield, located near Shenandoah Junction, West Virginia is a historic farm, whose principal residence was built in 1815 for Ann Stephen Dandridge Hunter. [2]
The Federal style limestone house is covered with brown stucco, with wood weatherboard gables. The main block is 2+1⁄2 stories, with a prominent attic lit by a large lunette. A less formal 1+1⁄2-story side wing is attached to the north side of the main block. The pedimented entrance porch is centered on the east facade. The interior is arranged with a transverse hall plan, the well-lighted hall extending across the width of the front elevation on both main levels, with two rooms to the rear. The U-shaped stairway is at the southeast corner of the hall. Hazelfield is one of the earliest examples of this plan, which was often employed in later houses that were built by the Washington family elsewhere in Jefferson County. [2] [3]
The house rests on a stone basement. The roof is painted metal. The ground floor includes a parlor and dining room in the main section, with a kitchen and pantry in the wing, all but the pantry with fireplaces. [2]
The 600-acre (240 ha) Hazelfield estate was given to Ann Stephen by her father, Adam Stephen, on her 1780 marriage to Alexander Spotswood Dandridge, grandson of Virginia colonial lieutenant governor Alexander Spotswood and brother-in-law of Patrick Henry. After Dandridge's death, Ann married Colonel Moses Hunter in 1787. They had three children. After the death of her son David during the War of 1812, Ann moved from Martinsburg to the Hazelfield property and built the Hazelfield house in 1815. On Ann's death in 1834, the property passed to her grandson, David Hunter Tucker, and was used by his brother Nathaniel Beverly Tucker and his wife in the 1840s. [2]
Hazelfield was the first transverse-hall house in Jefferson County, setting a style that became popular in the area. The gable entry arrangement was unusual for a house, since the form was typically reserved for public buildings. [4]
The house had been abandoned by in the early 1970s, when it was purchased by historian William Howard Adams and his wife Janet, and repaired for summer use. Adams believes the house was adapted from the William Adam-designed plan of Milton House in Edinburgh, Scotland [5]
Hazelfield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 12, 1976. [1]
U.S. Route 340 is a spur route of US 40, and runs from Greenville, Virginia, to Frederick, Maryland. In Virginia, it runs north–south, parallel and east of US 11, from US 11 north of Greenville via Waynesboro, Grottoes, Elkton, Luray, Front Royal, and Berryville to the West Virginia state line. A short separate piece crosses northern Loudoun County on its way from West Virginia to Maryland.
Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, originally Harpers Ferry National Monument, is located at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers in and around Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The park includes the historic center of Harpers Ferry, notable as a key 19th-century industrial area and as the scene of John Brown's failed abolitionist uprising. It contains the most visited historic site in the state of West Virginia, John Brown's Fort.
Green Springs National Historic Landmark District is a national historic district in Louisa County, Virginia noted for its concentration of fine rural manor houses and related buildings in an intact agricultural landscape. The district comprises 14,000 acres (5,700 ha) of fertile land, contrasting with the more typical poor soil and scrub pinelands surrounding it.
Happy Retreat is a historic property in Charles Town, West Virginia, which was originally owned and developed by Charles Washington, the youngest brother of George Washington and the founder of Charles Town.
McNeill's Rangers was an independent Confederate military force commissioned under the Partisan Ranger Act (1862) by the Confederate Congress during the American Civil War. The 210 man unit was formed from Company E of the 18th Virginia Cavalry and the First Virginia Partisan Rangers. After the repeal of the Act on February 17, 1864, McNeill's Rangers was one of two partisan forces allowed to continue operation, the other being 43rd Battalion Virginia Cavalry. Both of these guerrilla forces operated in the western counties of Virginia and West Virginia. The Rangers were known to exercise military discipline when conducting raids. However, many Union generals considered Captain John Hanson McNeill (1815–1864) and his men to be "bushwhackers," not entitled to protection when captured, as was the case with other prisoners of war.
The Peter Burr House was built between 1751 and 1755 near present-day Shenandoah Junction, West Virginia, making it one of the oldest houses in West Virginia. Burr, whose first cousin was Aaron Burr, was one of the first settlers in the area. It is the oldest surviving post-and-beam-construction house in West Virginia. The 9.5-acre (3.8 ha) property was acquired from Burr family descendants in the 1990s and has been under restoration by Jefferson County Historic Landmarks Commission.
Elmwood is a Federal style house near Shepherdstown, West Virginia. Located on land claimed in 1732 by Edward Lucas II, it was built in 1797 by his son, Edward Lucas III. During the Civil War the house was used as a field hospital. It remained in the Lucas family until 1948.
Glenburnie is an historic farm complex located between Shepherdstown, West Virginia and Shenandoah Junction, West Virginia. The house was built by James Glenn in 1802, completing the barn two years later.
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The Morgan-Bedinger-Dandridge House — first known as Poplar Grove, then Rosebrake or Rose Brake — is part of a group of structures affiliated with the Morgan's Grove rural historic district near Shepherdstown, West Virginia. The property was known as "Poplar Grove" until 1877.
Woodbury or Woodberry, is a historic mansion located near Leetown, Jefferson County, West Virginia. It was built in 1834-1835 for the jurist and Congressman Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. (1780–1848). Tucker lived at Woodbury from its construction until 1844.
Gap View Farm, near Charles Town, West Virginia, is a historic farm complex built in 1774. The farm was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1997.
The Bower is an 1806 residence, originally built in the Federal style in Jefferson County, West Virginia, USA. It was later remodeled with Gothic Revival features after a fire in 1892. The name appeared as early as 1753 when Major General Adam Stephen had a hunting lodge at this location.
The B & O Railroad Potomac River Crossing is a 15-acre (6.1 ha) historic site where a set of railroad bridges, originally built by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, span the Potomac River between Sandy Hook, Maryland and Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 14, 1978, for its significance in commerce, engineering, industry, invention, and transportation.
The Harpers Ferry Historic District comprises about one hundred historic structures in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. The historic district includes the portions of the central town not included in Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, including large numbers of early 19th-century houses built by the United States Government for the workers at the Harpers Ferry Armory. Significant buildings and sites include the site of the Armory, the U.S Armory Potomac Canal, the Harpers Ferry Train Station, and Shenandoah Street, Potomac Street, and High or Washington Street. The National Historic Park essentially comprises the lower, flood-prone areas of the town, while the Historic District comprises the upper town.
Traveller's Rest, also known as the General Horatio Gates Home, is an historic plantation house located on Bowers Road near Kearneysville, Jefferson County, West Virginia. Built in 1773 and enlarged a few years later, it was the home of Continental Army General Horatio Gates from 1773 until 1790. The house is very little altered from that period, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1972. The house is located on private property, and is not normally open to the public.
Belle Grove Plantation is a late-18th-century plantation house and estate in the northern Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, USA. It is situated in Frederick County, about a mile southwest of Middletown.
Morgan's Grove Park is located in Shepherdstown, West Virginia, United States, and shares a history dating back to the 18th century and Morgan's Grove, from which the historic park got its name.
William Howard Adams was an American author, curator and lecturer on history and garden design. He was a senior fellow at the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library in Washington, D.C. and a Fellow of the International Center for Jefferson Studies. His house, Hazelfield, in Shenandoah Junction, West Virginia is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Violet Dandridge was the pseudonym for Serena Katherine Dandridge (1878–1956), an American scientific illustrator, painter, naturalist, and suffragist. She was the Smithsonian Institution’s first female scientific illustrator.
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