Hoplophyllum

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Hoplophyllum
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Cichorioideae
Tribe: Eremothamneae
Genus: Hoplophyllum
DC.
Type species
Hoplophyllum spinosum
DC.
Species

Hoplophyllum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. [1] It has two species, Hoplophyllum spinosum and Hoplophyllum ferox, both native to South Africa. [2]

Both species are shrubs. The leaves are hard and spine-tipped, much longer than wide, and either cylindrical or somewhat flattened. They are grooved with stripes running lengthwise. The type species is Hoplophyllum spinosum. [3]

Hoplophyllum is derived from two Greek words, hoplon "a tool or weapon" and phyllon "a leaf", a reference to the spiny leaves. [4]

The name Hoplophyllum was originated in 1836 by A.P. de Candolle [5] when he assigned Hoplophyllum spinosum to this genus in his classic work Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. [6] This species had originally been named Pteronia spinosa by Linnaeus filius in 1782 in his book Supplementum Plantarum . [7]

The closest relative of Hoplophyllum is Eremothamnus , another native of southern Africa. [8] In one classification, published in 2009, these two formed the tribe Eremothamneae. [9] Other authors have placed them in the tribe Arctotideae. [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 Per Ola Karis. 2007. "Arctotideae" pages 200-207. In: Klaus Kubitzki (series editor); Joachim W. Kadereit and Charles Jeffrey (volume editors). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants volume VIII. Springer-Verlag: Berlin; Heidelberg, Germany. ISBN   978-3-540-31050-1
  2. ↑ David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN   978-0-521-82071-4
  3. ↑ Hoplophyllum In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
  4. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington, DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN   978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II). (see External links below).
  5. ↑ Hoplophyllum At: International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
  6. ↑ Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1836. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis5:73-74. (see External links below).
  7. ↑ Carolus Linnaeus the Younger. 1782. Supplementum Plantarum Systematis Vegetabilium:357. (see External links below).
  8. ↑ Vicki A. Funk, Raymund Chan, Stirling C. Keeley. 2004. "Insights into the evolution of the tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: subfamily Cichorioideae s.s.) using trnL-F, ndhF, and ITS". Taxon53(3):637-655.
  9. ↑ Vicki A. Funk, Alfonso Susanna, Tod F. Stuessy, and Randall J. Bayer. 2009. Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Compositae. IAPT (International Association for Plant Taxonomy). ISBN   978-3-9501754-3-1 (see External links below).
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