IC 860

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IC 860
IC860 - SDSS DR14.jpg
SDSS image of IC 860
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Coma Berenices
Right ascension 13h 15m 03.50s
Declination +24° 37′ 07.79″
Redshift 0.012909
Heliocentric radial velocity 3,870 km/s
Distance 155 Mly (47.52 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude  (V)0.044
Apparent magnitude  (B)0.057
Characteristics
Type Sa, HII;LIRG
Size35,000 ly
Apparent size  (V)0.5' x 0.3'
Notable features luminous infrared galaxy
Other designations
CGCG 130-023, IRAS 13126+2452, ECO 03976, MCG +04-31-015, PGC 46086

IC 860 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Coma Berenices. It is located 155 million light years away from Earth. [1] It was discovered on June 16, 1892, by Stephan Javelle, a French astronomer. [2] It is a peculiar galaxy. [3]

IC 860 is classfied a nearby post-starburst galaxy, in early stages of transforming into its quiescent state. [4] It is also vibrationally excited HCN luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) with LHCN -VIB/LIR of 3.2 x 10−8. It has a dust obscured nucleus making it hard to determine whether it is a starburst galaxy or an active galactic nucleus (AGN). [5] In additional, the galaxy contains HI and OH absorption towards its central region. The galaxy has an implied mass of MSMBH of 4 x 107 MΘ based on its velocity rotation of vrot = 226 km s−1. The Eddington luminosity of IC 860 is 2 x 1012 LΘ. [6]

According to low [C II] 157.7 μm-to-LFIR ratios and by a mid-infrared silicate absorption, the findings suggest IC 860 does have a warm compact region. The region of the galaxy, is in a current phase of rapid evolution where inflows are accumulating column densities of interstellar dust and gas, sufficient to fuel its star formation or its AGN. [6]

IC 860 was also observed in optical imaging. From the results, the galaxy has a massive V-shaped kiloparsec dust structure. As the nuclear gas only has an outflow velocity of vout = 170 – 200 km s−1, this makes it impossible to escape from the galaxy unless being accelerated. [6]

In another study, IC 860 contains 4.83 GHz formaldehyde emission with a peak flux density of 2.0-2.2 mJy based from observations made by Arecibo Observatory. It is found to have three unique emission compartments centered between 3830 and 3990 km s−1. [7]

Related Research Articles

Luminous infrared galaxies or LIRGs are galaxies with luminosities, the measurement of brightness, above 1011 L☉. They are also referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) through their normal method of detection. LIRGs are more abundant than starburst galaxies, Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable luminosity. Infrared galaxies emit more energy in the infrared than at all other wavelengths combined. A LIRG's luminosity is 100 billion times that of the Sun.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4194</span> Interacting galaxy pair in the constellation of Ursa Major

NGC 4194, the Medusa merger, is a galaxy merger in the constellation Ursa Major about 128 million light-years (39.1 Mpc) away. It was discovered on April 2, 1791 by German-British astronomer William Herschel. Due to its disturbed appearance, it is object 160 in Halton Arp's 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">WR 102ka</span> Star in the constellation Sagittarius

WR 102ka, also known as the Peony star, is a slash star that is one of several candidates for the most luminous-known star in the Milky Way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Markarian 231</span> Seyfert galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

Markarian 231 is a Type-1 Seyfert galaxy that was discovered in 1969 as part of a search of galaxies with strong ultraviolet radiation. It contains the nearest known quasar. Markarian 231 is located about 581 million light years away from Earth, in the constellation of Ursa Major.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AS 314</span> Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Scutum

AS 314, also known as V452 Scuti, is a protoplanetary nebula once believed to be a white hypergiant star or luminous blue variable located in the constellation of Scutum. It has an apparent magnitude of 9.85 and can be seen with small telescopes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4102</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 4102 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. It is visible in a small telescope and has an apparent visual magnitude of 11.2. The galaxy was discovered April 12, 1789 by William Herschel. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as "bright, pretty small, round, brighter middle and bright nucleus". This galaxy is located at a distance of 60 million light years and is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 837 km/s. It is a member of the Ursa Major group of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 883</span> Irregular galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici

IC 883 is an irregular galaxy that is about 321 million light years away from Earth. It is located in the constellation Canes Venatici. Its largest radius is 1.4, and smallest 0.7 angular minutes .[b] It was discovered by Rudolf Ferdinand Spitaler on May 1 1891.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1614</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1614 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered on December 29, 1885 by American astronomer Lewis Swift, who described it in a shorthand notation as: pretty faint, small, round, a little brighter middle. The nebula was then catalogued by Danish-Irish astronomer J. L. E. Drayer in 1888. When direct photography became available, it was noted that this galaxy displayed some conspicuous peculiarities. American astronomer Halton Arp included it in his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. In 1971, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky described it as a "blue post-eruptive galaxy, compact patchy core, spiral plumes, long blue jet SSW".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7469</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7469 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7469 is located about 200 million light-years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 7469 is approximately 90,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on November 12, 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7679</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pisces

NGC 7679 is a lenticular galaxy with a peculiar morphology in the constellation Pisces. It is located at a distance of about 200 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7679 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on September 23, 1864. The total infrared luminosity is 1011.05 L☉, and thus it is categorised as a luminous infrared galaxy. NGC 7679 is both a starburst galaxy and a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1623</span> Galaxy pair in the constellation Cetus

IC 1623 is a galaxy merger in the constellation Cetus. The galaxy lies about 250 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that IC 1623 is approximately 115,000 light years across. It was discovered by Lewis Swift on November 19, 1897.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 3528</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

IC 3528 is spiral galaxy located 660 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. It lies near to another spiral galaxy NGC 4540, although the two of them are quite far. The object was discovered by Royal Harwood Frost on May 7, 1904. Although listed as a member in the Virgo Cluster Catalogue as VCC 1593, it is not a member of the Virgo cluster but a background galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAS 09104+4109</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lynx

IRAS 09104+4109 is a galaxy located in the constellation Lynx. With a redshift of 0.440797, the light travel time for this galaxy, corresponds to 4.8 billion light-years from Earth. It is the brightest cluster galaxy in MACS J0913.7+4056 galaxy cluster and classified as a hyperluminous infrared galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAS 13218+0552</span> Galaxy merger located in the constellation Virgo

IRAS 13218+0552 known as SFRS 263, is a galaxy merger located in the Virgo constellation. Its redshift is 0.202806, putting the object at 2.6 billion light-years away from Earth. It is a Seyfert galaxy and a luminous infrared galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4C +72.26</span> Radio galaxy in the constellation Draco

4C +72.26 known as NAME TX J1908+7220, is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Draco. At the redshift of 3.53, the galaxy is located roughly 11.5 billion light-years from Earth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 4687</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Pavo

IC 4687 known as IRAS 18093-5744 or F18093-5744, is an Sb spiral galaxy located in the constellation of Pavo. It is located 250 million light years from Earth and was discovered by Royal Harwood Frost on August 1, 1904, who described the object "as brighter middle with magnitude of 14. It has a surface brightness of 12.5.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAS 19254-7245</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pavo

IRAS 19254-7245, more commonly referred as the "Superantennae", are a pair of interacting galaxies located in the constellation of Pavo. It is located 820 million light years from Earth. It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy and a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 1481</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pisces

IC 1481 is a spiral galaxy located in the Pisces constellation. It is located 289 million light years from Earth and was discovered by Austrian astronomer, Rudolf Spitaler on October 6, 1891. The galaxy has an approximate diameter of 65,000 light years with a surface brightness of 12.8 square arcmin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAS 10565+2448</span> Galaxy in the constellation Leo

IRAS 10565+2448 known as IRAS F10565+2448, is a galaxy merger located in the constellation of Leo. It is located at a distance of 625 million light years from Earth. It is classified as an ultraluminous infrared galaxy with an infrared luminosity of 1.2 x 1012 LΘ. It has a star formation rate of 131.8 MΘ yr−1.

References

  1. ↑ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  2. ↑ "Index Catalog Objects: IC 850 - 899". cseligman.com. Retrieved 21 September 2024.
  3. ↑ Kazes, I.; Karoji, H.; Sofue, Y.; Nakai, N.; Handa, T. (1988-05-01). "A most peculiar galaxy : IC 860". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 197: L22–L24. Bibcode:1988A&A...197L..22K. ISSN   0004-6361.
  4. ↑ Luo, Yuanze; Rowlands, Kate; Alatalo, Katherine; Sazonova, Elizaveta; Abdurro'uf; Heckman, Timothy; Medling, Anne M.; Deustua, Susana E.; Nyland, Kristina; Lanz, Lauranne; Petric, Andreea O.; Otter, Justin A.; Aalto, Susanne; Dimassimo, Sabrina; French, K. Decker (2022-10-01). "A Multiwavelength View of IC 860: What Is in Action inside Quenching Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 938 (1): 63. arXiv: 2208.08379 . Bibcode:2022ApJ...938...63L. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b7d . ISSN   0004-637X.
  5. ↑ Gorski, M. D.; Aalto, S.; König, S.; Wethers, C.; Yang, C.; Muller, S.; Viti, S.; Black, J. H.; Onishi, K.; Sato, M. (February 2023). "The opaque heart of the galaxy IC 860: Analogous protostellar, kinematics, morphology, and chemistry". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 670: A70. arXiv: 2210.04499 . Bibcode:2023A&A...670A..70G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202245166. ISSN   0004-6361.
  6. 1 2 3 Aalto, S.; Muller, S.; König, S.; Falstad, N.; Mangum, J.; Sakamoto, K.; Privon, G. C.; Gallagher, J.; Combes, F.; García-Burillo, S.; Martín, S.; Viti, S.; van der Werf, P.; Evans, A. S.; Black, J. H. (July 2019). "The hidden heart of the luminous infrared galaxy IC 860". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 627: A147. arXiv: 1905.07275 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935480. ISSN   0004-6361.
  7. ↑ Baan, Willem A.; An, Tao; Klöckner, Hans-Rainer; Thomasson, Peter (2017-04-17). "The emission structure of formaldehyde megamasers". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 469 (1): 916–929. arXiv: 1704.07337 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx895 . ISSN   0035-8711.
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