NGC 4393

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NGC 4393
NGC4393 - SDSS DR14.jpg
SDSS image of NGC 4393.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Coma Berenices
Right ascension 12h 25m 51.2s [1]
Declination 27° 33′ 42″ [1]
Redshift 0.002505 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 751 km/s [1]
Distance 46  Mly (14.2  Mpc) [1]
Group or cluster Coma I (NGC 4274 subgroup)
Apparent magnitude  (V)12.7 [1]
Characteristics
Type SABd [1]
Size~38,700  ly (11.86  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Apparent size  (V)3.2 x 3.0 [1]
Other designations
UGC 07521, PGC 040600, MCG +05-29-083 [1]

NGC 4393 is a spiral galaxy about 46 million light-years away [2] in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 11, 1785. [3] It is a member of the NGC 4274 Group, [4] [5] which is part of the Coma I Group [6] or Cloud. [7]

Contents

Physical characteristics

NGC 4393 is a flocculent spiral galaxy, [8] [9] with chaotic, fragmented and unsymmetric arms. [9] IC 3329, an HII region in NGC 4393, [10] was discovered by astronomer Max Wolf on March 23, 1903. It was described as "very faint, small, irregular figure, attached to (NGC) 4393". [11]

NGC 4393 hosts a pseudo-bulge, [12] a type of galactic bulge which is more similar to a spiral galaxy in that it has one or more characteristics of disk galaxies. These include having flatter shapes than those of classical bulges, large ratios of ordered motions of stars rather than random motions of stars, small velocity dispersions of stars with respect to the Faber-Jackson correlation between velocity dispersion and bulge luminosity, a spiral structure or nuclear bar in the bulge part of the light profile, nearly exponential brightness profiles, and starbursts. [13]

Nuclear Star Cluster

The central region of NGC 4393 is host to a nuclear star cluster [14] with a mass of 0.4048 ± 0.0819 × 106 M☉, [15] and a diameter of ~16  ly (4.8  pc ). [16]

See also

Related Research Articles

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NGC 4309 is a lenticular galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer Christian Peters in 1881 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4323</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4323 is a lenticular or dwarf elliptical galaxy located about 52.5 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered in 1882 by astronomer Wilhelm Tempel and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4469</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 4469 is a nearly edge-on spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy. NGC 4469 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 15, 1784. It is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4523</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4523 is a Magellanic spiral galaxy located about 35 to 50 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on April 19, 1865. NGC 4523 is a member of the Virgo Cluster. A distance of for NGC 4523 was derived from using yellow supergiants in the galaxy as standard candles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4596</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4596 is a barred lenticular galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4596 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4596 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and has an inclination of about 38°.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3821</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3821 is a low surface brightness spiral galaxy and a ring galaxy about 270 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 26, 1785 and is a member of the Leo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3860</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

NGC 3860 is a spiral galaxy located about 340 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. NGC 3860 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785. The galaxy is a member of the Leo Cluster and is a low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN). Gavazzi et al. however classified NGC 3860 as a strong AGN which may have been triggered by a supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4212</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4212 is a flocculent spiral galaxy with LINER activity located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784, and was listed in the NGC catalog as NGC 4208. He then observed the same galaxy and listed it as NGC 4212. Astronomer John Louis Emil Dreyer later concluded that NGC 4208 was identical to NGC 4212. NGC 4212 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4237</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4237 is a flocculent spiral galaxy located about 60 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on December 30, 1783 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. It is also classified as a LINER galaxy and as a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4074</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4074 is a peculiar lenticular galaxy located 310 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is a member of the NGC 4065 Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4298</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4298 is a flocculent spiral galaxy located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4299</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4299 is a featureless spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4307</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4307 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 65 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Christian Peters in 1881 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. It is also a LINER galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4312</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4312 is an edge-on unbarred spiral galaxy located about 55 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on January 14, 1787. NGC 4312 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is a LINER galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4313</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4313 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784. NGC 4313 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is classified as LINER and as a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4316</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4316 is an edge-on spiral galaxy located about 70 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Wilhelm Tempel on March 17, 1882. NGC 4316 is a member of the Virgo Cluster and is classified as LINER and as a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4324</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 4324 is a lenticular galaxy located about 85 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on March 4, 1862. NGC 4324 has a stellar mass of 5.62 × 1010M☉, and a baryonic mass of 5.88 × 1010M☉. The galaxy's total mass is around 5.25 × 1011M☉. NGC 4324 is notable for having a ring of star formation surrounding its nucleus. It was considered a member of the Virgo II Groups until 1999, when its distance was recalculated and it was placed in the Virgo W Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1079</span> Galaxy in the constellation Fornax

NGC 1079 is an isolated, weakly barred, grand-design spiral galaxy with transitional ring-like structures containing a number of prominent A type stars. It is located in the Fornax constellation and is part of the Eridanus supercluster. It was first observed and catalogued by the astronomer John Herschel in 1835.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4328</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4328 is a nucleated dwarf elliptical or lenticular galaxy located about 48 million light-years away based on observations by the Hubble Space Telescope using the TRGB distance indicator. NGC 4328 was discovered on March 21, 1784 by astronomer William Herschel and is a member of the Virgo Cluster in the "A'' subgroup. On the sky, NGC 4328 is located in the constellation Coma Berenices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4310</span> Dwarf spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4310 is a dwarf spiral galaxy with a dust lane and ring structure located about 54 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 11, 1785. It was rediscovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 19, 1863, and was later listed as NGC 4338. The galaxy is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 107 solar masses.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4393. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  2. ↑ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  3. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4350 - 4399". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  4. ↑ Kourkchi, Ehsan; Tully, R. Brent (2017-06-27). "Galaxy Groups Within 3500 km s −1". The Astrophysical Journal. 843 (1): 16. arXiv: 1705.08068 . Bibcode:2017ApJ...843...16K. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa76db . ISSN   1538-4357. S2CID   119407480.
  5. ↑ "The Extragalactic Distance Database (EDD)". edd.ifa.hawaii.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  6. ↑ "Nearby Groups of Galaxies". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  7. ↑ Gregory, Stephen A.; Thompson, Laird A. (1977-04-01). "The Coma i Galaxy Cloud". The Astrophysical Journal. 213: 345–350. Bibcode:1977ApJ...213..345G. doi:10.1086/155160. ISSN   0004-637X.
  8. ↑ Elmegreen, D. M.; Elmegreen, B. G. (1982-12-01). "Flocculent and grand design spiral structure in field, binary and group galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 201 (4): 1021–1034. doi: 10.1093/mnras/201.4.1021 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  9. 1 2 Elmegreen, Debra Meloy; Elmegreen, Bruce G. (March 1987). "Arm classifications for spiral galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 314: 3. Bibcode:1987ApJ...314....3E. doi:10.1086/165034. ISSN   0004-637X.
  10. ↑ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  11. ↑ "Index Catalog Objects: IC 3300 - 3349". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  12. ↑ Vaghmare, Kaustubh; Barway, Sudhanshu; Mathur, Smita; Kembhavi, Ajit K. (2015-06-11). "Spiral galaxies as progenitors of pseudo-bulge hosting S0s". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 450 (1): 873–882. arXiv: 1503.07635 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stv668 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  13. ↑ Kormendy, John; Kennicutt, Robert C. (2004-09-22). "Secular Evolution and the Formation of Pseudobulges in Disk Galaxies". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 42 (1): 603–683. arXiv: astro-ph/0407343 . Bibcode:2004ARA&A..42..603K. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.134024. ISSN   0066-4146. S2CID   515479.
  14. ↑ Georgiev, Iskren Y.; Böker, Torsten (2014-07-11). "Nuclear star clusters in 228 spiral galaxies in the HST/WFPC2 archive: catalogue and comparison to other stellar systems". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 441 (4): 3570–3590. arXiv: 1404.5956 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu797 . ISSN   1365-2966.
  15. ↑ Leigh, Nathan W. C.; Georgiev, Iskren Y.; Böker, Torsten; Knigge, Christian; den Brok, Mark (2015-07-21). "Nuclear star cluster formation in energy-space". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 451 (1): 859–869. arXiv: 1505.01158 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stv1012 . ISSN   1365-2966.
  16. ↑ Georgiev, Iskren Y.; Böker, Torsten; Leigh, Nathan; Lützgendorf, Nora; Neumayer, Nadine (2016-04-01). "Masses and scaling relations for nuclear star clusters, and their co-existence with central black holes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (2): 2122–2138. arXiv: 1601.02613 . Bibcode:2016MNRAS.457.2122G. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw093 . ISSN   0035-8711.
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