NGC 4294

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NGC 4294
NGC4294 - SDSS DR14.jpg
SDSS image of NGC 4294
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 12h 21m 17.8s [1]
Declination 11° 30′ 38″ [1]
Redshift 0.001184 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 355 km/s [1]
Distance 55  Mly (17  Mpc) [1]
Group or cluster Virgo Cluster
Apparent magnitude  (V)12.5 [1]
Characteristics
Type SB(s)cd [1]
Size~52,000  ly (16  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Apparent size  (V)3.2 x 1.2 [1]
Other designations
KCPG 330B, VCC 465, IRAS 12187+1147, UGC 7407, MCG +02-32-009, PGC 39925, CGCG 70-24, SDSS J122117.82+113037.6 [1]

NGC 4294 is a barred spiral galaxy [2] with flocculent spiral arms [3] located about 55 million light-years away [2] in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on March 15, 1784 [4] and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. [5] [6] [7]

Contents

NGC 4294 appears to be undergoing ram-pressure [8] [9] stripping edge-on. [8]

Physical characteristics

NGC 4294 hosts many H II regions. [10] [3]

Interaction with NGC 4299

NGC 4294 appears to be in a pair with NGC 4299 [11] [12] [10] [13] [9] [14] [15] and may be possibly tidally interacting. [11] [12] [10] [13] [3] [9] [14] [15]

Effects of a tidal interaction on NGC 4294 are evident as the galaxy has a disturbed optical and HI morphology, [12] [10] a high global star formation rate, [13] [3] and has an observed asymmetry in polarized radio continuum emission. [15]

HI tail

Chung et al. identified that NGC 4294 has a one sided [16] [17] 88,000  ly (27  kpc ) tail of neutral atomic hydrogen (HI). [9] [18] The tail points to the southwest [16] [14] and appears to be a result of ram-pressure. [18] [19] [9] The tail has no optical counterpart [9] [16] and is oriented parallel to the HI tail found in NGC 4299. [16]

As the tail has no optical counterpart, this makes the probability of the tail being caused by tidal interaction low. However, NGC 4299 lies 88,000  ly (27  kpc ) from NGC 4294 and the two galaxies have almost the same velocity, with a difference of 120 km/s. This means that the scenario of the tail originating from a tidal interaction cannot be ruled out entirely. [9]

Black Hole

NGC 4294 may harbor an intermediate-mass black hole with an estimated mass ranging from 3,000 (3*10^3) to 20,000 (2*10^4) solar masses. [20]

See also

-UGC 8153, has a similar-mass central black hole.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Results for NGC 4294". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
  2. 1 2 "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Fathi, K.; Beckman, J. E.; Piñol-Ferrer, N.; Hernandez, O.; Martínez-Valpuesta, I.; Carignan, C. (2009-10-20). "PATTERN SPEEDS OF BARS AND SPIRAL ARMS FROM Hα VELOCITY FIELDS". The Astrophysical Journal. 704 (2): 1657–1675. arXiv: 0909.1816 . Bibcode:2009ApJ...704.1657F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/1657. ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   118625116.
  4. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4250 - 4299". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  5. ↑ Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. (September 1985). "Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II - A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. V - Luminosity functions of Virgo Cluster galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 90: 1681. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B. doi:10.1086/113874. ISSN   0004-6256.
  6. ↑ R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-35299-4.
  7. ↑ "Detailed Object Classifications". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  8. 1 2 Mei, S.; Gwyn, S. D. J.; Cuillandre, J.-C.; Côté, P.; Ferrarese, L.; Cucciati, O.; Voyer, E.; Heinis, S.; Driel, W. van (2012-09-01). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Virgo Cluster Survey (GUViCS) - II. Constraints on star formation in ram-pressure stripped gas". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 545: A142. arXiv: 1209.0272 . Bibcode:2012A&A...545A.142B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219957. ISSN   0004-6361. S2CID   44781835.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Chung, Aeree; van Gorkom, J. H.; Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.; Crowl, Hugh; Vollmer, Bernd (2009-12-01). "Vla Imaging of Virgo Spirals in Atomic Gas (Viva). I. The Atlas and the H I Properties". The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1741–1816. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1741C. doi: 10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1741 . ISSN   0004-6256.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Smith, Beverly J.; Madden, Suzanne C. (1997-07-01). "Interstellar Gas in Low Mass Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 114: 138–146. arXiv: astro-ph/9704135 . Bibcode:1997AJ....114..138S. doi:10.1086/118460. ISSN   0004-6256. S2CID   14627848.
  11. 1 2 Dickel, J. R.; Rood, H. J. (1980-08-01). "The dynamics of some binary galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 85: 1003–1009. Bibcode:1980AJ.....85.1003D. doi:10.1086/112763. ISSN   0004-6256.
  12. 1 2 3 Warmels, R. H. (1988-01-01). "The H I properties of spiral galaxies in the Virgo Cluster. I - Westerbork observations of 15 Virgo Cluster galaxies. II - One-dimensional Westerbork observations of 21 galaxies". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 72: 19–87. Bibcode:1988A&AS...72...19W. ISSN   0365-0138.
  13. 1 2 3 Koopmann, Rebecca A.; Kenney, Jeffrey D. P. (2004-10-01). "Halpha Morphologies and Environmental Effects in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 613 (2): 866–885. arXiv: astro-ph/0406243 . Bibcode:2004ApJ...613..866K. doi:10.1086/423191. ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   17519217.
  14. 1 2 3 Vlahakis, C.; Verstappen, J.; Smith, M. W. L.; Pohlen, M.; Grossi, M.; Fritz, J.; Looze, I. De; Clemens, M.; Ciesla, L. (2012-09-01). "The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey - XI. Environmental effects on molecular gas and dust in spiral disks". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 545: A75. arXiv: 1207.5051 . Bibcode:2012A&A...545A..75P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219689. ISSN   0004-6361. S2CID   53701670.
  15. 1 2 3 Kenney, J. D. P.; Otmianowska-Mazur, K.; Chyzy, K. T.; Urbanik, M.; Chung, A.; Beck, R.; Soida, M.; Vollmer, B. (2013-04-04). "Large-scale radio continuum properties of 19 Virgo cluster galaxies The influence of tidal interactions, ram pressure stripping, and accreting gas envelopes". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 553: A116. arXiv: 1304.1279 . Bibcode:2013A&A...553A.116V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321163. S2CID   119190841.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Chung, Aeree; van Gorkom, J. H.; Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.; Vollmer, Bernd (2007-04-20). "Virgo Galaxies with Long One-Sided HI Tails". The Astrophysical Journal. 659 (2): L115 –L119. arXiv: astro-ph/0703338 . Bibcode:2007ApJ...659L.115C. doi:10.1086/518034. ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   13021118.
  17. ↑ Holwerda, B. W.; Pirzkal, N.; de Blok, W. J. G.; van Driel, W. (2011-10-01). "Quantified HI Morphology V: HI Disks in the Virgo Cluster". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 416 (4): 2447–2454. arXiv: 1104.3305 . Bibcode:2011MNRAS.416.2447H. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18662.x . S2CID   119285975.
  18. 1 2 Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Elmegreen, Debra Meloy (2010-10-20). "Tadpole Galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field". The Astrophysical Journal. 722 (2): 1895–1907. arXiv: 1009.1530 . Bibcode:2010ApJ...722.1895E. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1895. ISSN   0004-637X. S2CID   119167225.
  19. ↑ Falcón-Barroso, Jesús; Knapen, Johan H. (2013-09-02). Secular Evolution of Galaxies. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-1-107-03527-0.
  20. ↑ Davis, Benjamin L.; Soria, Roberto; Graham, Alister W. (2019). "Expected intermediate mass black holes in the Virgo cluster. II. Late-type galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (1): 814. arXiv: 1811.03232 . Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484..814G. doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty3068 . S2CID   119303249.
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