16 Virginis

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16 Virginis
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0        Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 12h 20m 20.98133s [1]
Declination +03° 18′ 45.2604″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)4.96 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5 [3]
B−V color index 1.16 [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+36.66±0.17 [4]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: −292.95 [1]   mas/yr
Dec.: −63.58 [1]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)10.59 ± 0.25  mas [1]
Distance 308 ± 7  ly
(94 ± 2  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)0.26 [5]
Details
Mass 1.62 [2]   M☉
Radius 18 [6]   R☉
Luminosity 131.8 [2]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)2.20 [7]   cgs
Temperature 4,423±32 [2]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.33 [7]   dex
Age 3.22 [2]   Gyr
Other designations
c Vir, 16 Vir, NSV  5558, BD+04°2604, HD  107328, HIP  60172, HR  4695, SAO  119341 [8]
Database references
SIMBAD data

16 Virginis is a single [9] star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located about 308 [1]   light years from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation c Virginis; 16 Virginis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.96. [2] This is an IAU radial velocity standard star; [10] it is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +37 km/s. [4] The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.301″ per year. [11]

In Chinese astronomy, 16 Virginis is called 謁者, Pinyin: Yèzhě, meaning Usher to the Court, because this star is marking itself and stand alone in Usher to the Court asterism, Supreme Palace enclosure mansion (see : Chinese constellation). [12]

This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5, [3] where the suffix notation denotes a mild underabundance of iron in the spectrum. It is a red clump giant, which indicates is on the horizontal branch generating energy via helium fusion at its core. [13] The interferometry-measured angular diameter of this star, after correcting for limb darkening, is 1.74±0.02  mas , [14] which, at its estimated distance, equates to a physical radius of about 18 times the radius of the Sun. [6] It is about three [2]  billion years old with 1.62 [2] times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 132 [2] times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,423 K. [2]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv: 0708.1752 , Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID   18759600.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Luck, R. Earle (2015), "Abundances in the Local Region. I. G and K Giants", Astronomical Journal, 150 (3), 88, arXiv: 1507.01466 , Bibcode:2015AJ....150...88L, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/88, S2CID   118505114.
  3. 1 2 Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989), "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 71: 245, Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K, doi:10.1086/191373.
  4. 1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ↑ Cardini, D. (January 2005), "Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430: 303–311, arXiv: astro-ph/0409683 , Bibcode:2005A&A...430..303C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041440, S2CID   12136256.
  6. 1 2 Lang, Kenneth R. (2006), Astrophysical formulae, Astronomy and astrophysics library, vol. 1 (3rd ed.), Birkhäuser, ISBN   3-540-29692-1. The radius (R*) is given by:
  7. 1 2 Jofré, P.; et al. (2014), "Gaia FGK benchmark stars: Metallicity", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 564: A133, arXiv: 1309.1099 , Bibcode:2014A&A...564A.133J, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322440, S2CID   119241541.
  8. ↑ "c Vir". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2019-02-10.
  9. ↑ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv: 0806.2878 , Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x , S2CID   14878976.
  10. ↑ Batten, A. H.; Crampton, D.; Fletcher, J. M.; Morbey, C. L. (1971), "Wavelength Standards for the Measurement of Radial Velocities", Publications of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, 13: 441, Bibcode:1971PDAO...13..441B.
  11. ↑ Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (March 2005), "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0.15" (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)", The Astronomical Journal, 129 (3): 1483–1522, arXiv: astro-ph/0412070 , Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L, doi:10.1086/427854, S2CID   2603568.
  12. ↑ Ridpath, Ian, "Virgo the Virgin", Startales.
  13. ↑ Alves, David R. (August 2000), "K-Band Calibration of the Red Clump Luminosity", The Astrophysical Journal, 539 (2): 732–741, arXiv: astro-ph/0003329 , Bibcode:2000ApJ...539..732A, doi:10.1086/309278, S2CID   16673121.
  14. ↑ Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (February 2005), "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 431 (2): 773–777, Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 .

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