NGC 4526

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NGC 4526
SN1994D.jpg
Supernova SN 1994D (lower left) in the outskirts of NGC 4526's central disk
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 12h 34m 03.029s [1]
Declination +07° 41′ 56.90″ [1]
Redshift 0.001494±0.000027
Heliocentric radial velocity 448±8 km/s [2]
Distance 55±5  Mly  (16.9±1.6  Mpc ) [3]
52  Mly (15.8  Mpc) [4]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.7 [2]
Characteristics
Type SAB(s)0° [5]
Apparent size  (V)7′.2 × 2′.4 [2]
Other designations
NGC 4560, [2] UGC 7718, [2] PGC 41772 [2]

NGC 4526 (also listed as NGC 4560) is a lenticular galaxy with an embedded dusty disc, located approximately 55 million light-years from the Solar System [3] in the Virgo constellation and discovered on 13 April 1784 by William Herschel. [6]

Contents

The galaxy is seen nearly edge-on. The morphological classification is SAB(s)0°, [5] which indicates a lenticular structure with a weak bar across the center and pure spiral arms without a ring. [7] It belongs to the Virgo cluster and is one of the brightest known lenticular galaxies. [5] In the galaxy's outer halo, globular cluster orbital velocities [8] indicate abnormal poverty of dark matter: only 43±18% of the mass within 5 effective radii.

The inner nucleus of this galaxy displays a rise in stellar orbital motion that indicates the presence of a central dark mass. The best fit model for the motion of molecular gas in the core region suggests there is a supermassive black hole with about 4.5+4.2
−3.0×108 (450 million) times the mass of the Sun. [9] This is the first object to have its black-hole mass estimated by measuring the rotation of gas molecules around its centre with an astronomical interferometer (in this case the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy).

Supernova SN 1969E was discovered in this galaxy in 1969, reaching a peak magnitude of 16. [10] In 1994, a type Ia supernova was discovered about two weeks before reaching peak brightness. Designated SN 1994D, it was caused by the explosion of a white dwarf star composed of carbon and oxygen. [11]

Wider Hubble Space Telescope image showing the envelope of more distant orbiting stars The whirling disc of NGC 4526.jpg
Wider Hubble Space Telescope image showing the envelope of more distant orbiting stars

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">SN 1994D</span> Type Ia supernova

SN 1994D was a Type Ia supernova event in the outskirts of galaxy NGC 4526. It was offset by 9.0″ west and 7.8″ south of the galaxy center and positioned near a prominent dust lane. It was caused by the explosion of a white dwarf star composed of carbon and oxygen. This event was discovered on March 7, 1994 by R. R. Treffers and associates using the automated 30-inch telescope at Leuschner Observatory. It reached peak visual brightness two weeks later on March 22. Modelling of the light curve indicates the explosion would have been visible around March 3-4. A possible detection of helium in the spectrum was made by W. P. S. Meikle and associates in 1996. A mass of 0.014 to 0.03 M☉ in helium would be needed to produce this feature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4536</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4550</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4036</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4293</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4293 is a lenticular galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered by English astronomer William Herschel on March 14, 1784, who described it as "large, extended, resolvable, 6 or 7′ long". This galaxy is positioned to the north-northwest of the star 11 Comae Berenices and is a member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. It is assumed to lie at the same distance as the Virgo Cluster itself: around 54 million light years away. The galaxy spans an apparent area of 5.3 × 3.1 arc minutes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4203</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4203 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a lenticular galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered on March 20, 1787 by English astronomer William Herschel, and is situated 5.5° to the northwest of the 4th magnitude star Gamma Comae Berenices and can be viewed with a small telescope. The morphological classification of NGC 4203 is SAB0−, indicating that it has a lenticular form with tightly wound spiral arms and a weak bar structure at the nucleus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4324</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 4324 is a lenticular galaxy located about 85 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on March 4, 1862. NGC 4324 has a stellar mass of 5.62 × 1010M☉, and a baryonic mass of 5.88 × 1010M☉. The galaxy's total mass is around 5.25 × 1011M☉. NGC 4324 is notable for having a ring of star formation surrounding its nucleus. It was considered a member of the Virgo II Groups until 1999, when its distance was recalculated and it was placed in the Virgo W Group.

References

  1. 1 2 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi: 10.1086/498708 . ISSN   0004-6256. S2CID   18913331.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database", Results for NGC 4526, retrieved 2006-10-18.
  3. 1 2 Tonry, J. L.; et al. (2001), "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances", Astrophysical Journal, 546 (2): 681–693, arXiv: astro-ph/0011223 , Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..681T, doi:10.1086/318301, S2CID   17628238.
  4. ↑ Hatt, Dylan; et al. (July 2018). "The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. IV. The Distance to NGC 4424, NGC 4526, and NGC 4356 via the Tip of the Red Giant Branch". The Astrophysical Journal. 861 (2): 10. arXiv: 1806.02900 . Bibcode:2018ApJ...861..104H. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac9cc . S2CID   119430198. 104.
  5. 1 2 3 Burstein, D. (November 1979), "Structure and origin of S0 galaxies. I - Surface photometry of S0 galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 41: 435–450, Bibcode:1979ApJS...41..435B, doi: 10.1086/190625 .
  6. ↑ Courtney Seligman. "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4500 - 4549" . Retrieved October 17, 2021.
  7. ↑ Buta, Ronald J.; et al. (2007), Atlas of Galaxies, Cambridge University Press, pp. 13–17, ISBN   978-0521820486.
  8. ↑ Adebusola B. Alabi; Duncan A. Forbes; Aaron J. Romanowsky; Jean P. Brodie; Jay Strader; Joachim Janz; Christopher Usher; Lee R. Spitler; Sabine Bellstedt; Anna Ferre-Mateu (2016-05-20). "The SLUGGS survey: the mass distribution in early-type galaxies within five effective radii and beyond". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 460 (4): 3838–3860. arXiv: 1605.06101 . Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460.3838A. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1213. S2CID   55054073.
  9. ↑ Davis, Timothy A.; et al. (February 2013), "A black-hole mass measurement from molecular gas kinematics in NGC4526", Nature, 494 (7437): 328–330, arXiv: 1301.7184 , Bibcode:2013Natur.494..328D, doi:10.1038/nature11819, PMID   23364690, S2CID   205232307.
  10. ↑ Kowal, C. T.; Sargent, W. L. W. (November 1971), "Supernovae discovered since 1885", Astronomical Journal, 41: 756–764, Bibcode:1971AJ.....76..756K, doi: 10.1086/111193 .
  11. ↑ Lentz, Eric J.; et al. (August 2001), "Non-LTE Synthetic Spectral Fits to the Type Ia Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526", The Astrophysical Journal, 557 (1): 756–764, arXiv: astro-ph/0104225 , Bibcode:2001ApJ...557..266L, doi:10.1086/322239, S2CID   119535927.


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