59 Virginis

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Coordinates: Jupiter and moon.png 13h 16m 46.51596s, +09° 25′ 26.9590″

59 Virginis
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 13h 16m 46.51616s [1]
Declination 09° 25 26.9672 [1]
Characteristics
Spectral type G0V [2]
Apparent magnitude  (B)5.81
Apparent magnitude  (V)5.22
Apparent magnitude  (R)4.8
Apparent magnitude  (I)4.5
Apparent magnitude  (J)4.392 ± 0.284
Apparent magnitude  (H)4.107 ± 0.208
Apparent magnitude  (K)4.033 ± 0.238
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−25.9 ± 0.9 km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: −336.665 [3]   mas/yr
Dec.: 190.579±0.420 [3]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)57.0186 ± 0.2525 [3]   mas
Distance 57.2 ± 0.3  ly
(17.54 ± 0.08  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)4.08±0.010 [4]
Details
Mass 1.16 ± 0.05 [5]   M
Radius 1.36 ± 0.04 [5]   R
Luminosity (bolometric)2.15 ± 0.15 [2]   L
Surface gravity (log g)4.37 [4]   cgs
Temperature 6,205 ± 20 [6]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.21 [4]   dex
Rotation 3.329 days [2]
Age (various estimates, see text)  Myr
Other designations
e Vir (e Virginis), BD+10 2531, 59 Vir (59 Virginis), GJ (Gliese, Gl) 504, HD 115383, HIP 64792, HR 5011, SAO 119847, WDS J13168+0925A
Database references
SIMBAD data
ARICNS data
Extrasolar Planets
Encyclopaedia
data

59 Virginis (e Virginis, HR 5011, Gliese 504) is a G-type main-sequence star, located in constellation Virgo at approximately 57 light-years from Earth.

Contents

History of observations

59 Virginis is known to astronomers at least from 1598, when it was catalogued by Tycho Brahe in his manuscript catalogue of 1004 fixed stars. Brahe designated it as "Parvula sequens vindemiatricem", which means in Latin "A tiny following Vindemiatrix" (that is Epsilon Virginis), and assigned it a visual magnitude 6 [7] [8] (a modern value of its apparent magnitude (in band V) is 5.22). Five years later in 1603 Johann Bayer pictured it on constellation Virgo folio of his celestial atlas "Uranometria" and designated it with number 37, letter "e" (hence its Bayer designation e Virginis, or e Vir) and name "Alæ dextræ sequens", which means in Latin "Following right wing". Bayer also assigned it a visual magnitude 6. [9]

Four hundred fifteen years later in 2013 July Kuzuhara et al. announced discovery of orbiting this star planet b. The discovery was made using 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope of Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii.

Distance

59 Virginis distance estimates

SourceParallax, mas Distance, pc Distance, ly Ref.
Gliese & Jahreiss (1991)74.2 ± 9.013.5+1.9
1.5
44.0+6.1
4.8
GJ
van Altena et al. (1995)63.0 ± 7.515.9+2.1
1.7
51.8+7.0
5.5
GCTP (YPC)
Perryman et al. (1997)55.71 ± 0.8517.95 ± 0.2758.5 ± 0.9(Hipparcos)
van Leeuwen (2007)56.95 ± 0.2617.56 ± 0.0857.27 ± 0.26(Hipparcos)
Gaia Data Release 2 57.0186 ± 0.252417.54 ± 0.0857.2 ± 0.3(Gaia)

The best estimate is marked in bold.

Age and other characteristics

The star is a young Sun-like star of spectral type G0V and effective temperature 6205 ± 20 K [6] (not much hotter than the Sun). It is also twice brighter than the Sun, its log (L/L) is 0.332 ± 0.032. Its rotation period is 3.329 days. [2]

Age of the star was estimated as 0.16+0.35
0.60
Gyr (2013), [2] 4.5+2.0
1.5
Gyr (2015), [5] and 2.5+1.0
0.7
Gyr (2017). [6]

Exoplanet

In 2013, the discovery of a Jovian planet, b, by direct imaging of the system was announced. [2] A later re-analysis suggested that it may actually be a brown dwarf. [6]

Related Research Articles

70 Virginis Star in the constellation Virgo

70 Virginis is a single star located 58 light years from the Sun in the equatorial constellation of Virgo, near the northern constellation border with Coma Berenices. 70 Virginis is its Flamsteed designation. The star is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.97. It is drifting further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of +4.4 km/s and has a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.621 arc seconds per annum.

109 Virginis is a single, white-hued star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located some 134.5 light years away from the Sun. It is the seventh-brightest member of this constellation, having an apparent visual magnitude of +3.72.

62 Andromedae, abbreviated 62 And, is a single star in the northern constellation Andromeda. 62 Andromedae is the Flamsteed designation; it also bears the Bayer designation of c Andromedae. It's bright enough to be seen by the naked eye, with an apparent magnitude is 5.31. Based upon parallax measurements made during the Gaia mission, it is at a distance of roughly 273 light-years from Earth. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −30 km/s, and is predicted to come to within 144.6 light-years in 1,6 million years.

Omicron<sup>1</sup> Canis Majoris Variable star in the constellation Canis Major

Omicron1 Canis Majoris is a red supergiant star in the constellation Canis Major. It is a variable star in the constellation of Canis Major.

R Virginis is a Mira variable in the constellation Virgo. Located approximately 530 parsecs (1,700 ly) distant, it varies between magnitudes 6.1 and 12.1 over a period of approximately 146 days. Its variable nature was discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding in 1809.

HD 224635 and HD 224636 is a pair of stars comprising a binary star system in the constellation Andromeda. They are located approximately 94 light years away and they orbit each other every 717 years.

HW Virginis Eclipsing binary star in the constellation Virgo

HW Virginis, abbreviated HW Vir, is an eclipsing binary system, approximately 563 light-years away based on the parallax measured by the Gaia spacecraft, in the constellation of Virgo. The system comprises an eclipsing B-type subdwarf star and red dwarf star. The two stars orbit each other every 0.116795 days.

HD 36678 is single star in the northern constellation of Auriga. This star is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.83. It is located at a distance of approximately 840 light years from the Sun based on parallax. This is an aging red giant star with a stellar classification of M0III. It is currently on the asymptotic giant branch of the HR diagram, and has expanded to ~63 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating ~875 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,950 K.

HD 5388 is a single star in the southern constellation of Phoenix. It has the Gould designation 78 G. Phoenicis, while HD 5388 is the star's Henry Draper Catalogue identifier. This object has a yellow-white hue and is too faint to be readily visible to average human eyesight, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.73. It is located at a separation of 173 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +39 km/s.

HD 91496 is a giant star in the constellation Carina, with an apparent magnitude is 4.92 and an MK spectral class of K4/5 III. It has been suspected of varying in brightness, but this has not been confirmed.

64 Eridani is a single, yellow-white hued star in the constellation Eridanus having variable star designation S Eridani. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.77. The annual parallax shift is measured at 12.01 mas, which equates to a distance of about 272 light years. In addition to its proper motion, it is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of around −9 km/s.

Phi1 Hydrae, Latinized from φ1 Hydrae, is a yellow-hued star in the constellation Hydra. Its apparent magnitude is 7.61, making it too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 12.3 mas as seen from Earth, it is located about 266 light years from the Sun. It forms a triangle with the brighter φ2 Hydrae and φ3 Hydrae, between μ Hydrae and ν Hydrae.

69 Virginis is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located about 259 light years away. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.76, although it is a suspected variable that may range in magnitude from 4.75 down to 4.79. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −13 km/s. The light from this star is polarized due to intervening interstellar dust.

ET Virginis is a single, red-hued star in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It can be viewed with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 4.91. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 5.9 mas, it is located 560 light years away. It is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +18.6 km/s, having come within 177 ly of the Sun around 6.3 million years ago.

89 Virginis is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located 234 light years from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.959. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −39 km/s.

16 Virginis is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located about 308 light years from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation c Virginis; 16 Virginis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.96. This is an IAU radial velocity standard star; it is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +37 km/s. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.301″ per year.

CU Virginis is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 4.99, which is bright enough to be faintly visible to the naked eye. The distance to this star can be estimated from its annual parallax shift of 13.9 mas, yielding a separation of 234 light years.

Gliese 504 b Extrasolar planet

Gliese 504 b is a Jovian planet or a brown dwarf in the system of the solar analog 59 Virginis, discovered by direct imaging using HiCIAO instrument and AO188 adaptive optics system on the 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope of Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaii by Kuzuhara et al. Visually, GJ 504 b would have a magenta color.

HIP 100963 is a G-type star in the faint northern constellation of Vulpecula resembling the Sun. It has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 7.1, making it generally too faint to be seen with the naked eye in most circumstances. The distance to this star, as determined using parallax measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, is around 92 light-years.

38 Virginis is an F-type main sequence star in the constellation of Virgo. It is around 108 light years distant from the Earth.

References

  1. 1 2 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 .
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kuzuhara, M.; et al. (2013). "Direct Imaging of a Cold Jovian Exoplanet in Orbit around the Sun-like Star GJ 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 774 (1). 11. arXiv: 1307.2886 . Bibcode:2013ApJ...774...11K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/11. S2CID   53343537.
  3. 1 2 3 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. 1 2 3 Park, Sunkyung; et al. (2013). "Wilson-Bappu Effect: Extended to Surface Gravity". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (4): 73. arXiv: 1307.0592 . Bibcode:2013AJ....146...73P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/4/73. S2CID   119187733.
  5. 1 2 3 Fuhrmann, K.; Chini, R. (2015). "On the age of Gliese 504". The Astrophysical Journal. 806 (2): 163. Bibcode:2015ApJ...806..163F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/806/2/163.
  6. 1 2 3 4 D'Orazi, V.; Desidera, S.; Gratton, R. G.; et al. (2017). "A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504: chemical composition and age". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 598: A19. arXiv: 1609.02530 . Bibcode:2017A&A...598A..19D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629283. S2CID   54515711.
  7. Baily, Francis (1843). "The Catalogues of Ptolemy, Ulugh Beigh, Tycho Brahe, Halley, Hevelius, Deduced from the Best Authorities. With Various Notes and Corrections, and a Preface to Each Catalogue. To Which is Added the Synonym of each Star, in the Catalogues of Flamsteed of Lacaille, as far as the same can be ascertained". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society . 13: 1. Bibcode:1843MmRAS..13....1B.(e Virginis: for Tycho Brahe's catalogue see page 149, for Hevelius' – page 235).
  8. Verbunt, F.; van Gent, R. H. (2010). "Three editions of the star catalogue of Tycho Brahe. Machine-readable versions and comparison with the modern Hipparcos Catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 516: A28. arXiv: 1003.3836 . Bibcode:2010A&A...516A..28V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014002. S2CID   54025412.
  9. Bayer, Johann (1603). "Uranometria: omnium asterismorum continens schemata, nova methodo delineata, aereis laminis expressa". Uranometria in Linda Hall Library: link. Pages on constellation Virgo: Table,  Map.

Coordinates: Jupiter and moon.png 13h 16m 46.51596s, +09° 25′ 26.9590″