NGC 5054

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NGC 5054
NGC 5054 PanS.jpg
NGC 5054 imaged by PanSTARRS
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 13h 16m 58.4407s [1]
Declination −16° 38′ 04.429″ [1]
Redshift 0.005811 ± 0.000007 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1,742 ± 2 km/s [1]
Distance 54.9 ± 10.5 Mly (16.8 ± 3.2 Mpc) [1]
Group or cluster NGC 5044 Group
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.9 [2]
Characteristics
Type SA(s)bc [1]
Size~84,000  ly (25.7  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Apparent size  (V)5.1′ × 3.0′ [1]
Other designations
IRAS 13142-1622, UGCA 344, MCG -03-34-039, PGC 46247 [1]

NGC 5054 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy lies about 55 million light years away from Earth based on redshift-independent methods, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 5054 is approximately 85,000 light years across. [1] Based on redshift the galaxy lies about 80 million light years away. It was discovered by William Herschel on December 31, 1785. [3] It is included in the Herschel 400 Catalogue. It lies about 6 degrees southwest of Spica and near the star 53 Virginis. [4]

Contents

Characteristics

The inner disk of NGC 5054 by the Hubble Space Telescope. NGC 5054 cutout HST 7330 99 NIC NIC2 F160W sci.jpg
The inner disk of NGC 5054 by the Hubble Space Telescope.

NGC 5054 has a bright nucleus which hosts a nuclear bar making the bulge appear elliptical. The galaxy has three prominent spiral arms in a grand design pattern. The arms emerge from the inner disk spaced abour 120 degrees apart. The arms are loosely wrapped around, with the northern arm appearing more tightly wrapped. The arms can be traced for about half a revolution before fading. Many star forming knots are visible in spiral arms. [5] The largest HII regions are about two arcseconds across. [6] The star formation rate of the galaxy is estimated to be 2.6 M☉ per year. [7] In the centre of the galaxy lies a supermassive black hole, whose mass is estimated to be 106.62 ± 0.36 (1.8 - 9.5 millions) M☉, based on the pitch angle of the spiral arms. [8]

Supernovae

Three supernovae have been observed in NGC 5054:

Nearby galaxies

NGC 5054 lies at the outskirts of the NGC 5044 Group. [6] The difference in redshift between NGC 5054 and the group is -919 ± 61 km/s. [14] Makarov et al place NGC 5054 in the same cloud with the NGC 5044 Group, however belonging to a different group, the NGC 5054 Group, along with NGC 5037 some other fainter galaxies. [15]

A magellanic galaxy is seen superimposed on the northern arm of the galaxy, 2.7 arcminutes from the centre. It is possible that the interaction of the two galaxies has resulted to star formation in the dwarf galaxy and could be cause of the peculiar arm morphology of NGC 5054. [16] It is also possible that the peculiar shape is the result of the interaction of the galaxy with the extended halo of the NGC 5044 group. [14]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Results for object NGC 5054". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. NASA and Caltech . Retrieved 25 February 2025.
  2. ↑ "Revised NGC Data for NGC 5054". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 5054 (= PGC 46247)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  4. ↑ O'Meara, Stephen James (14 June 2007). Herschel 400 Observing Guide. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-85893-9.
  5. ↑ Eskridge, Paul B.; Frogel, Jay A.; Pogge, Richard W.; Quillen, Alice C.; Berlind, Andreas A.; Davies, Roger L.; DePoy, D. L.; Gilbert, Karoline M.; Houdashelt, Mark L.; Kuchinski, Leslie E.; Ramirez, Solange V.; Sellgren, K.; Stutz, Amelia; Terndrup, Donald M.; Tiede, Glenn P. (November 2002). "Near-Infrared and Optical Morphology of Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 143 (1): 73–111. arXiv: astro-ph/0206320 . Bibcode:2002ApJS..143...73E. doi:10.1086/342340.
  6. 1 2 Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies. Volume I, Carnegie Institution of Washington
  7. ↑ Parkash, Vaishali; Brown, Michael J. I.; Jarrett, T. H.; Bonne, Nicolas J. (1 September 2018). "Relationships between Hi Gas Mass, Stellar Mass, and the Star Formation Rate of HICAT+WISE (H i-WISE) Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 864 (1): 40. arXiv: 1807.06246 . Bibcode:2018ApJ...864...40P. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad3b9 .
  8. ↑ Davis, Benjamin L.; Berrier, Joel C.; Johns, Lucas; Shields, Douglas W.; Hartley, Matthew T.; Kennefick, Daniel; Kennefick, Julia; Seigar, Marc S.; Lacy, Claud H. S. (20 June 2014). "The Black Hole Mass Function Derived from Local Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 789 (2): 124. arXiv: 1405.5876 . Bibcode:2014ApJ...789..124D. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/789/2/124. S2CID   119302157.
  9. ↑ T., Vanmunster (February 2004). "Supernova 2004ab in NGC 5054". International Astronomical Union Circular (8293). ISSN   0081-0304.
  10. ↑ Chakradhari, N K; Sahu, D K; Anupama, G C; Prabhu, T P (21 February 2018). "Highly reddened Type Ia supernova SN 2004ab: another case of anomalous extinction". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (2): 2502–2513. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx2839 .
  11. ↑ Green, Daniel (January 2014). "Supernova 2014A in NGC 5054 = Psn J13165936-1637570". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 3771: 1. Bibcode:2014CBET.3771....1K.
  12. ↑ W., Zheng; W., Li; V., Filippenko, A.; B., Cenko, S. (January 2014). "KAIT Discovery and Robotic Follow-up Observations of a SN Candidate in NGC 5054: PSN J13165936-1637570". The Astronomer's Telegram. 5715: 1. Bibcode:2014ATel.5715....1Z.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ↑ Dastidar, R.; et al. (February 2025). "SN 2018is: A low-luminosity Type IIP supernova with narrow hydrogen emission lines at early phases". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 694: A260. arXiv: 2501.01530 . Bibcode:2025A&A...694A.260D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452507.
  14. 1 2 Gastaldello, Fabio; Di Gesu, Laura; Ghizzardi, Simona; Giacintucci, Simona; Girardi, Marisa; Roediger, Elke; Rossetti, Mariachiara; Brighenti, Fabrizio; Buote, David A.; Eckert, Dominique; Ettori, Stefano; Humphrey, Philip J.; Mathews, William G. (24 May 2013). "Sloshing Cold Fronts in Galaxy Groups and Their Perturbing Disk Galaxies: An X-Ray, Optical, and Radio Case Study". The Astrophysical Journal. 770 (1): 56. arXiv: 1304.5478 . Bibcode:2013ApJ...770...56G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/1/56.
  15. ↑ Makarov, Dmitry; Karachentsev, Igor (21 April 2011). "Galaxy groups and clouds in the local (z~ 0.01) Universe". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 412 (4): 2498–2520. arXiv: 1011.6277 . Bibcode:2011MNRAS.412.2498M. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x . S2CID   119194025 . Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  16. ↑ Buzzoni, A.; Cellone, S. A.; Saracco, P.; Zucca, E. (11 March 2012). "Evolutionary properties of the low-luminosity galaxy population in the NGC 5044 Group: Low-luminosity galaxies in the NGC 5044 Group". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 420 (4): 3427–3450. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20267.x .
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