NGC 5252

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NGC 5252
Heic1507f.jpg
NGC 5252 by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 13h 38m 15.9s [1]
Declination +04° 32′ 33″ [1]
Redshift 0.023093 ± 0.000005 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 6,923 ± 1 km/s [1]
Distance 221 Mly (67.9 Mpc) [1]
320 Mly (98.4 Mpc) [2]
Apparent magnitude  (V)13.8
Characteristics
Type S0 [1]
Apparent size  (V)1.4′ × 0.8′ [1]
Notable featuresSeyfert galaxy
Other designations
UGC 8622, MCG +01-35-022, PGC 48189 [1]

NGC 5252 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 220 to 320 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5252 is about 100,000 light years across. [1] It was discovered by William Herschel on February 2, 1786. [3]

Contents

Characteristics

Nucleus

The nucleus of NGC 5252 has been found to be active and it has been categorised as a type II Seyfert galaxy [4] or type 1.9. [5] A broad H-alpha line has been observed, indicating that a broad line region is partially hidden and the nucleus of NGC 5252 is more active than originally thought. [6]

The most accepted theory for the energy source of active galactic nuclei is the presence of an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. The mass of the black hole in the centre of NGC 5252 is estimated to be 0.95+1.45
−0.45×109 M☉ based on the dynamics of the circumnuclear gas. [7] The mass of the black hole is larger than that observed in Seyfert galaxies and it is more in line with a radio-quiet quasar, with a black hole which is accreting at a slow rate. [7] The X-ray observations of the galaxy indicate a flat spectrum with a soft X-rays element due to ionised gas cones, which also indicate that the galaxy hosts a quasar relic. [8]

The nucleus is surrounded by filamentary structures which glow green due to the ionised oxygen. These were illuminated when the nucleus of the galaxy hosted a quasar. [9]

Ultraluminous X-ray source

An ultraluminous X-ray source has been observed 22 arcseconds from the nucleus of the galaxy, which corresponds to about 10 kiloparsec at the distance of the galaxy. Its luminosity is estimated to be 1.5×1040 erg s−1. [2] The source has also been observed in visual light and radiowaves. In radiowaves it features two components, one east and one west. [10] The redshift of the source is similar to that of the galaxy, indicating that it is gravitationally bound to the galaxy. [2] It probably is an intermediate-mass black hole with a mass over 104 solar masses, probably the remnant of a nucleus of dwarf galaxy [2] [11] with low-luminosity activity, as the black hole is probably accreting weakly. [12]

See also

Related Research Articles

An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the center of a galaxy that emits a significant amount of energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that the luminosity is not produced by stars. Such excess, non-stellar emissions have been observed in the radio, microwave, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray and gamma ray wavebands. A galaxy hosting an AGN is called an active galaxy. The non-stellar radiation from an AGN is theorized to result from the accretion of matter by a supermassive black hole at the center of its host galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Seyfert galaxy</span> Class of active galaxies with very bright nuclei

Seyfert galaxies are one of the two largest groups of active galaxies, along with quasars. They have quasar-like nuclei with very high surface brightnesses whose spectra reveal strong, high-ionisation emission lines, but unlike quasars, their host galaxies are clearly detectable.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4395</span> Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici

NGC 4395 is a nearby low surface brightness spiral galaxy located about 14 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Canes Venatici. The nucleus of NGC 4395 is active and the galaxy is classified as a Seyfert Type I known for its very low-mass supermassive black hole.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5548</span> Type I Seyfert galaxy in the constellation Boötes

NGC 5548 is a Type I Seyfert galaxy with a bright, active nucleus. This activity is caused by matter flowing onto a 65 million solar mass (M☉) supermassive black hole at the core. Morphologically, this is an unbarred lenticular galaxy with tightly-wound spiral arms, while shell and tidal tail features suggest that it has undergone a cosmologically-recent merger or interaction event. NGC 5548 is approximately 245 million light years away and appears in the constellation Boötes. The apparent visual magnitude of NGC 5548 is approximately 13.3 in the V band.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5005</span> Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici

NGC 5005, also known as Caldwell 29, is an inclined spiral galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. The galaxy has a relatively bright nucleus and a bright disk that contains multiple dust lanes. The galaxy's high surface brightness makes it an object that is visible to amateur astronomers using large amateur telescopes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5643</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lupus

NGC 5643 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Lupus. Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it is located at a distance of about 40 million light-years. NGC 5643 has an active galactic nucleus and is a type II Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3147</span> Galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 3147 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3147 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785. It is a Type II Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7469</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7469 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7469 is located about 200 million light-years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 7469 is approximately 90,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on November 12, 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7213</span> Galaxy in the constellation Grus

NGC 7213 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7213 is about 75,000 light-years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 30, 1834. It is an active galaxy with characteristics between a type I Seyfert galaxy and LINER.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7130</span> Galaxy in the constellation Piscis Austrinus

NGC 7130 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. It is located at a distance of about 220 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7130 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 25, 1834, and discovered independently by Lewis Swift on September 17, 1897. The location of the galaxy given in the New General Catalogue was off by 30 arcminutes in declination from the location of the galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 985</span> Ring galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 985 is a ring galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 550 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 985 is approximately 160,000 light years across. It was discovered by Francis Leavenworth in 1886. It is a type 1 Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1386</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1386 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 53 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1386 is about 50,000 light years across. It is a Seyfert galaxy, the only one in Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4074</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4074 is a peculiar lenticular galaxy located 310 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is a member of the NGC 4065 Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2273</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lynx

NGC 2273 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Lynx. It is located at a distance of circa 95 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2273 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by Nils Dunér on September 15, 1867.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 931</span> Galaxy in the constellation Triangulum

NGC 931 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Triangulum. It is located at a distance of circa 200 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 931 is about 200,000 light years across. It was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on September 26, 1865. It is classified as a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7172</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus

NGC 7172 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. It is located at a distance of about 110 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7172 is about 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 23, 1834.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5506</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 5506 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 75 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5506 is about 80,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 15, 1787. It is a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4593</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 4593 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4593 is about 125,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 17, 1784. It is a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2110</span>

NGC 2110 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Orion. It is located at a distance of about 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2110 is about 90,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 5, 1785. It is a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5273</span> Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici

NGC 5273 is a lenticular galaxy located 54 million light-years away in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. This galaxy was discovered by William Herschel on May 1, 1785. It is positioned 1+1⁄4° to the southeast of the star 25 Canum Venaticorum.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 5252. Retrieved 2023-05-06.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Kim, Minjin; Ho, Luis C.; Wang, Junfeng; Fabbiano, Giuseppina; Bianchi, Stefano; Cappi, Massimo; Dadina, Mauro; Malaguti, Giuseppe; Wang, Chen (10 November 2015). "An Off-Nucleus Nonstellar Black Hole in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 5252". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (1): 8. arXiv: 1510.08854 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...814....8K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/8. S2CID   119121191.
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 5252". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  4. ↑ Veron-Cetty, M. -P.; Veron, P. (1 August 1986). "Miscellaneous observations of active galactic nuclei". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 65: 241–258. Bibcode:1986A&AS...65..241V. ISSN   0365-0138.
  5. ↑ Osterbrock, Donald E.; Martel, Andre (1 September 1993). "Spectroscopic Study of the CfA Sample of Seyfert Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 414: 552. Bibcode:1993ApJ...414..552O. doi:10.1086/173102. ISSN   0004-637X.
  6. ↑ Acosta-Pulido, Jose A.; Vila-Vilaro, Baltasar; Perez-Fournon, Ismael; Wilson, Andrew S.; Tsvetanov, Zlatan I. (June 1996). "Toward an Understanding of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 5252: A Spectroscopic Study". The Astrophysical Journal. 464: 177. Bibcode:1996ApJ...464..177A. doi:10.1086/177310.
  7. 1 2 Capetti, A.; Marconi, A.; Macchetto, D.; Axon, D. (February 2005). "The supermassive black hole in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5252". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 431 (2): 465–475. arXiv: astro-ph/0411081 . Bibcode:2005A&A...431..465C. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20041701 .
  8. ↑ Dadina, M.; Guainazzi, M.; Cappi, M.; Bianchi, S.; Vignali, C.; Malaguti, G.; Comastri, A. (June 2010). "X-ray imaging of the ionisation cones in NGC 5252". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 516: A9. arXiv: 1003.1665 . Bibcode:2010A&A...516A...9D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913727. S2CID   54615901.
  9. ↑ "Hubble view of green filament in galaxy NGC 5252". www.spacetelescope.org. 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  10. ↑ Mezcua, M; Kim, M; Ho, L C; Lonsdale, C J (19 July 2018). "The extended radio jet of an off-nuclear low-mass AGN in NGC 5252". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. arXiv: 1807.03792 . doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly130.
  11. ↑ Kim, Minjin; Ho, Luis C.; Im, Myungshin (27 July 2017). "Ionized Gas Kinematics around an Ultra-luminous X-Ray Source in NGC 5252: Additional Evidence for an Off-nuclear AGN". The Astrophysical Journal. 844 (2): L21. arXiv: 1707.05402 . Bibcode:2017ApJ...844L..21K. doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa7fe8 .
  12. ↑ Yang, Xiaolong; Yang, Jun; Paragi, Zsolt; Liu, Xiang; An, Tao; Bianchi, Stefano; Ho, Luis C.; Cui, Lang; Zhao, Wei; Wu, Xiaocong (1 January 2017). "NGC 5252: a pair of radio-emitting active galactic nuclei?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 464 (1): L70–L74. arXiv: 1608.02200 . doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw160.
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