NGC 4319

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NGC 4319
NGC 4319 I HST2002.jpg
A Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image of NGC 4319. Quasar Mrk 205 is visible to the upper right.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Draco
Right ascension 12h 21m 43.846s [1]
Declination +75° 19′ 21.45″ [1]
Redshift 0.004526 [2]
Helio radial velocity 1,357 ± 46 [3] km/s
Distance 76.6 Mly (23.48 Mpc) [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)12.8 [2]
Characteristics
Type SB(r)ab [4]
Apparent size  (V)3′.0 × 2′.3 [2]
Other designations
NGC 4345, UGC 7429, [2] PGC 39981 [2]

NGC 4319 is a face-on barred spiral galaxy located about 77 million [3] light years away in the constellation Draco. The morphological classification is SB(r)ab, [4] which indicates it is a barred spiral with an inner ring structure and moderate to tightly wound arms. [5] It is situated in physical proximity to the galaxies NGC 4291 and NGC 4386, with X-ray emissions from the intervening gap indicating NGC 4319 and NGC 4291 may be interacting. [6] NGC 4319 has a much higher proportion of ionized hydrogen compared to the Milky Way galaxy. [7]

In 1971, American astronomer Halton Arp noted what appeared to be a physical connection between NGC 4319 and Markarian 205, a quasi-stellar object with a much higher redshift. He suggested that if Markarian 205 is not an accidentally projected background object, then it may instead have been ejected from the nucleus of this galaxy. [8] The discovery of an apparent luminous connection between the two created a storm of controversy as astronomers sought to refute the assertion and provide other explanations. [9] The matter was effectively settled when observations using the Hubble Space Telescope showed that the light from Markarian 205 was passing through the disk and halo of NGC 4319 to reach the observer, placing Markarian 205 behind this galaxy and thus further away. [10]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6782</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pavo

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5753</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Boötes

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5614</span> Galaxy in the constellation Boötes

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 634</span> Spiral Galaxy in the constellation Triangulum

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3281</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Antlia

NGC 3281 is a large unbarred spiral galaxy in the southern constellation of Antlia, located at a distance of 144.7 megalight-years from the Milky Way. The galaxy is inclined by an angle of 64° to the line-of-sight from the Earth, with the major axis aligned with a position angle of 137°. It is a luminous infrared galaxy and a type II Seyfert galaxy. NGC 3281 is a member of the Antlia Cluster, which belongs to the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4535</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4535 is a barred spiral galaxy located some 54 million light years from Earth in the constellation Virgo. It is a member of the Virgo Cluster of galaxies and is located 4.3° from Messier 87. The galactic plane of NGC 4535 is inclined by an angle of 43° to the line of sight from the Earth. The morphological classification of NGC 4535 in the De Vaucouleurs system is SAB(s)c, which indicates a bar structure across the core (SAB), no ring (s), and loosely wound spiral arms (c). The inner part of the galaxy has two spiral arms, which branch into multiple arms further away. The small nucleus is of type HII, meaning the spectrum resembles that of an H II region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4698</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4698 is a barred spiral galaxy located around 55 million light years away from Earth in the constellation of Virgo. It belongs to the Virgo Cluster of galaxies and is positioned near the northeastern edge of this assemblage. The morphological classification of NGC 4698 in the De Vaucouleurs system is SA(s)ab, which indicates a purely spiral structure with moderate to tightly wound arms. It is inclined to the line of sight from the Earth by an angle of 53° along a position angle of 170°.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4388</span> Galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 4388 is an active spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It was discovered April 17, 1784 by Wilhelm Herschel. This galaxy is located at a distance of 57 million light years and is receding with a radial velocity of 2,524 km/s. It is one of the brightest galaxies of the Virgo Cluster due to its luminous nucleus. NGC 4388 is located 1.3° to the west of the cluster center, which translates to a projected distance of ≈400 kpc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1614</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1614 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It was discovered on December 29, 1885 by American astronomer Lewis Swift, who described it in a shorthand notation as: pretty faint, small, round, a little brighter middle. The nebula was then catalogued by Danish-Irish astronomer J. L. E. Drayer in 1888. When direct photography became available, it was noted that this galaxy displayed some conspicuous peculiarities. American astronomer Halton Arp included it in his 1966 Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. In 1971, Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky described it as a "blue post-eruptive galaxy, compact patchy core, spiral plumes, long blue jet SSW".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3921</span> Interacting galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3921 is an interacting galaxy in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. Estimates using redshift put it at about 59 million light years from Earth. It was discovered on 14 April 1789 by William Herschel, and was described as "pretty faint, small, round" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7469</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7469 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pegasus. NGC 7469 is located about 200 million light-years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 7469 is approximately 90,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on November 12, 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6621</span> Galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 6621 is an interacting spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco. It lies at a distance of circa 260 million light-years. NGC 6621 interacts with NGC 6622, with their closest approach having taken place about 100 million years before the moment seen now. The pair was discovered by Edward D. Swift and Lewis A. Swift on June 2, 1885. Originally NGC 6621 was assigned to the southeast galaxy, but now it refers to the northern one. NGC 6621 and NGC 6622 are included in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as Arp 81 in the category "spiral galaxies with large high surface brightness companions".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7674</span> Galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7674 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of circa 350 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7674 is about 125,000 light years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on August 16, 1830.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1241</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1241 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 150 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1241 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on January 10, 1785. It is classified as a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1142</span> Interacting and distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 1142 is a distorted spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus. It is located about 370 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 1142 is approximately 170,000 light years across. It is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy. It interacts with the elliptical galaxy NGC 1141.

References

  1. 1 2 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN   0004-6256. S2CID   18913331.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4319. Retrieved 2007-03-30.
  3. 1 2 3 Crook, Aidan C.; et al. (February 2007), "Groups of Galaxies in the Two Micron All Sky Redshift Survey", The Astrophysical Journal, 655 (2): 790–813, arXiv: astro-ph/0610732 , Bibcode:2007ApJ...655..790C, doi:10.1086/510201, S2CID   11672751.
  4. 1 2 Erwin, Peter; Debattista, Victor P. (June 2013), "Peanuts at an angle: detecting and measuring the three-dimensional structure of bars in moderately inclined galaxies", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 431 (4): 3060–3086, arXiv: 1301.0638 , Bibcode:2013MNRAS.431.3060E, doi:10.1093/mnras/stt385, S2CID   54653263.
  5. ↑ Buta, Ronald J.; et al. (2007), Atlas of Galaxies, Cambridge University Press, pp. 13–17, ISBN   978-0521820486.
  6. ↑ Bowen, David V.; Blades, J. Chris; Pettini, Max (February 1983), "Interstellar MG II Absorption Lines from Low-Redshift Galaxies", Astrophysical Journal, 448: 634–661, 646, Bibcode:1995ApJ...448..634B, doi:10.1086/175993.
  7. ↑ Bowen, David V.; Blades, J. C. (February 1993), "Interstellar MG II and C IV absorption toward Markarian 205 by NGC 4319 - an 'optically thick' QSO absorption system", Astrophysical Journal Letters, 403 (2): L55–L58, 646, Bibcode:1993ApJ...403L..55B, doi:10.1086/186720.
  8. ↑ Arp, H. (August 1971), "A Connection Between the Spiral Galaxy NGC 4319 and the Quasi-Stellar Object Markarian 205", Astrophysical Letters, 9: 1, Bibcode:1971ApL.....9....1A.
  9. ↑ Sulentic, J. W. (February 1983), "Confirmation of the luminous connection between NGC 4319 and Markarian 205", Astrophysical Journal Letters, 265: L49–L53, Bibcode:1983ApJ...265L..49S, doi:10.1086/183956.
  10. ↑ Bahcall, John N.; et al. (October 1992), "The near-ultraviolet spectrum of Markarian 205", Astrophysical Journal, Part 1, 398 (2): 495–500, 646, Bibcode:1992ApJ...398..495B, doi:10.1086/171872.


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