NGC 4111

Last updated
NGC 4111
Elegance conceals an eventful past.jpg
NGC 4111 by Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Canes Venatici
Right ascension 12h 07m 03.1s [1]
Declination 43° 03′ 57″ [1]
Redshift 792 ± 5 km/s [1]
Distance 43 ± 13 Mly (13.1 ± 4.1 Mpc) [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.7
Characteristics
Type SA(r)0+ [1]
Apparent size  (V)4.6′ × 1.0′ [1]
Other designations
UGC 7103, MCG +07-25-026, PGC 38440 [1]

NGC 4111 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici. It is located at a distance of circa 50 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4111 is about 55,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1788. NGC 4111 possesses both thin and thick discs. [2]

Contents

Characteristics

The galaxy is characterised by a series of dusty filaments running through its centre. They are associated with a ring of material encircling the galaxy's core, which is not aligned with the galaxy's main disc, suggesting that this polar ring of gas and dust is actually the remains of a smaller galaxy. [3] The polar ring has a diameter of 450 pc and in it is embedded one with a diameter of 220 pc visible in H21-0 imaging. The estimated cold molecular gas mass within the polar ring is estimated to be 108  M☉ . The ring can provide enough material for an active galactic nucleus and for circumnuclear star formation. [4] The galaxy also possesses an X-shaped, (peanut shell)-shaped bulge, [5] thought to arise from an unstable stellar bar. The stellar population within the disk is quite young (2 ±0.3 billion years mean age) and its metallicity is subsolar. [6]

The nucleus of the galaxy features a low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER), which is emitting X-rays. The nucleus is the only source that was identified in observations by Chandra X-ray Observatory [7] and there was also diffuse emission. The central sources accounts for approximately 77% of the hard X-rays emission of the galaxy. Its central source has also been detected in radiowaves and is believed to be a low luminosity active galactic nucleus. [8]

Nearby galaxies

NGC 4111 is the foremost galaxy in NGC 4111 galaxy group, one of the subgroups of Ursa Major Cluster. The NGC 4111 Group is the second most massive subgroup, after the M109 Group. [9] According with Makarov and Karachentsev, members of the NGC 4111 group are the galaxies UGC 6818, NGC 3938, NGC 4013, IC 749, IC 750, NGC 4051, UGC 7089, UGC 7094, NGC 4117, NGC 4138 and NGC 4183. [10]

NGC 4111 appears disturbed in HI imaging, with HI extending 28 arcminutes south of the central position of NGC 4111, which corresponds in 120 kpc if the distance is 15 Mpc, and connects NGC 4111 with the nearby galaxies NGC 4117 and NGC 4118, [11] which lie 7 arcminutes to east-northeast. [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4710</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4710 is an edge-on lenticular galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered on March 21, 1784 by German-British astronomer William Herschel. This galaxy has a B-band visual magnitude of 11.60 and an angular size of 3.0′ × 0.8′. It is located at a distance of 54.5 ± 3.6 million light-years (16.7 ± 1.1 Mpc) from the Milky Way, and is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 1,129 km/s. This is a member of the Virgo Cluster, with a projected offset of ~6° from the cluster center and a cluster crossing time of around two billion years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4102</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 4102 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. It is visible in a small telescope and has an apparent visual magnitude of 11.2. The galaxy was discovered April 12, 1789 by William Herschel. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as "bright, pretty small, round, brighter middle and bright nucleus". This galaxy is located at a distance of 60 million light years and is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 837 km/s. It is a member of the Ursa Major group of galaxies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5643</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lupus

NGC 5643 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Lupus. Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it is located at a distance of about 40 million light-years. NGC 5643 has an active galactic nucleus and is a type II Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2782</span> Galaxy in the constellation Lynx

NGC 2782 is a peculiar spiral galaxy that formed after a galaxy merger in the constellation Lynx. The galaxy lies 75 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 2782 is approximately 100,000 light years across. NGC 2782 has an active galactic nucleus and it is a starburst and a type 1 Seyfert galaxy. NGC 2782 is mentioned in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies in the category galaxies with adjacent loops.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4026</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 4026 is an edge-on lenticular galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 50 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4026 is about 80,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 12, 1789.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3631</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3631 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 35 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3631 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789. It is a grand design spiral galaxy seen face on.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3147</span> Galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 3147 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3147 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785. It is a Type II Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5322</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 5322 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 80 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5322 is about 140,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 19, 1790.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7213</span> Galaxy in the constellation Grus

NGC 7213 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Grus. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7213 is about 75,000 light-years across. It was discovered by John Herschel on September 30, 1834. It is an active galaxy with characteristics between a type I Seyfert galaxy and LINER.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5965</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Draco

NGC 5965 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Draco. It is located at a distance of circa 150 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5965 is about 260,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on May 5, 1788.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1386</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1386 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of circa 53 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1386 is about 50,000 light years across. It is a Seyfert galaxy, the only one in Fornax Cluster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3665</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3665 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 85 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3665 is about 85,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 23, 1789.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2985</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 2985 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 70 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 2985 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3729</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major

NGC 3729 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of circa 65 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3729 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 12, 1789.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3898</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3898 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major that was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789. It is positioned 1.5° northwest of NGC 3998 and is barely visible in a small telescope. The galaxy has an apparent visual magnitude of 10.7 and an angular size of 3.3′ × 1.5′. It is located at a distance of 72 ± 6 million light-years (22.08 ± 1.79 Mpc) from the Milky Way, and is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 1,142.7±13.9 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3516</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major

NGC 3516 is a barred lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major. NGC 3516 is located about 150 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 3516 is approximately 100,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 3, 1785.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4593</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Virgo

NGC 4593 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 120 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 4593 is about 125,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 17, 1784. It is a Seyfert galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UGC 5101</span> Galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major

UGC 5101 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 530 million light years from Earth. It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy. The total infrared luminosity of the galaxy is estimated to be 1011.95 L☉ and the galaxy has a total star formation rate of 105 M☉ per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5953</span> Galaxy in the constellation Serpens

NGC 5953 is a peculiar spiral galaxy in the constellation Serpens. The galaxy lies about 80 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 5953 is approximately 35,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 17, 1784. NGC 5953 interacts with NGC 5954 forming a pair known as Arp 91.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4157</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 4157 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy lies about 55 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 4157 is approximately 125,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 9, 1788.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4111. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  2. ↑ Kasparova, A. (2016). "The Diversity of Thick Galactic Discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters . 460 (1): 89–93. arXiv: 1604.07624 . Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460L..89K. doi: 10.1093/mnrasl/slw083 . S2CID   119303521.
  3. ↑ "Elegance conceals an eventful past". www.spacetelescope.org. 18 April 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
  4. ↑ Hauschild Roier, Gabriel R; Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa; McDermid, Richard M; Walsh, Jonelle L; Tan, Joanne; Cohn, Jonathan; Krajnovic, Davor; Greene, Jenny; Valluri, Monica; Gültekin, Kayhan; Thater, Sabine; van de Ven, Glenn; Gebhardt, Karl; Lützgendorf, Nora; Boizelle, Benjamin D; Ma, Chung-Pei; Barth, Aaron J (29 March 2022). "Gas inflows in the polar ring of NGC 4111: the birth of an AGN". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 512 (2): 2556–2572. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac634 . hdl: 10183/239481 .
  5. ↑ Bogdan C. Ciambur; Alister W. Graham (2016), Quantifying the (X/peanut)-shaped structure in edge-on disc galaxies: length, strength, and nested peanuts
  6. ↑ Sil'chenko, O. K.; Proshina, I. S.; Shulga, A. P.; Koposov, S. E. (21 November 2012). "Ages and abundances in large-scale stellar discs of nearby S0 galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 427 (1): 790–805. arXiv: 1209.0606 . Bibcode:2012MNRAS.427..790S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21990.x . S2CID   118692747.
  7. ↑ González-Martín, O.; Masegosa, J.; Márquez, I.; Guerrero, M. A.; Dultzin-Hacyan, D. (12 September 2006). "X-ray nature of the LINER nuclear sources". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 460 (1): 45–57. arXiv: astro-ph/0605629 . Bibcode:2006A&A...460...45G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054756. S2CID   14796398 . Retrieved 19 July 2017.
  8. ↑ Flohic, Helene M. L. G.; Eracleous, Michael; Chartas, George; Shields, Joseph C.; Moran, Edward C. (10 August 2006). "The Central Engines of 19 LINERs as Viewed by". The Astrophysical Journal. 647 (1): 140–160. arXiv: astro-ph/0604487 . Bibcode:2006ApJ...647..140F. doi:10.1086/505296. S2CID   15112150.
  9. ↑ Pak, Mina; Rey, Soo-Chang; Lisker, Thorsten; Lee, Youngdae; Kim, Suk; Sung, Eon-Chang; Jerjen, Helmut; Chung, Jiwon (September 2014). "The properties of early-type galaxies in the Ursa Major cluster". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 445 (1): 630–647. arXiv: 1409.3070 . Bibcode:2014MNRAS.445..630P. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu1722 . S2CID   119217518.
  10. ↑ Makarov, Dmitry; Karachentsev, Igor (21 April 2011). "Galaxy groups and clouds in the local (z~ 0.01) Universe". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 412 (4): 2498–2520. arXiv: 1011.6277 . Bibcode:2011MNRAS.412.2498M. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x . S2CID   119194025.
  11. ↑ Wolfinger, K.; Kilborn, V. A.; Koribalski, B. S.; Minchin, R. F.; Boyce, P. J.; Disney, M. J.; Lang, R. H.; Jordan, C. A. (10 November 2012). "A blind H I survey in the Ursa Major region". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 428 (2): 1790–1817. arXiv: 1210.2727 . Bibcode:2013MNRAS.428.1790W. doi: 10.1093/mnras/sts160 . S2CID   118614368.
  12. ↑ O'Meara, Stephen James (2011). Deep-Sky Companions: The Secret Deep. Cambridge University Press. p. 222. ISBN   9781139500074 . Retrieved 19 July 2017.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.