The International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) is a global organisation for researchers and professionals working in the field of computing to conduct research, develop standards and promote information sharing.
Established in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, IFIP is recognised by the United Nations and links some 50 national and international societies and academies of science with a total membership of over half a million professionals. IFIP is based in Laxenburg, Austria and is an international, non-governmental organisation that operates on a non-profit basis.
Overview
IFIP activities are coordinated by 14 Technical Committees (TCs) which are organised into more than 100 Working Groups (WGs), bringing together over 3,500 ICT professionals and researchers from around the world to conduct research, develop standards and promote information sharing. Each TC covers a particular aspect of computing and related disciplines, as detailed below.
IFIP actively promotes the principle of open access and proceedings for which IFIP holds the copyright are made available electronically via IFIP's Open Access Digital Library.[1] Downloading articles from IFIP's Open Access Digital Library is free of charge.
Conference and workshop organizers who prefer publication with the IFIP publisher can take advantage of the agreement between IFIP and Springer and publish their proceedings as part of IFIP's Advances in Information and Communication Technology (AICT) series,[2] the Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) series or the Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing (LNBIP) series.[3] IFIP Proceedings published by Springer in IFIP's AICT, LNCS, and LNBIP series are accessible within IFIP's Open Access Digital Library after an embargo period of three years.
An important activity of the IFIP Technical Committees is to organise and sponsor high quality conferences and workshops in the field of ICT. Sponsoring is generally in the form of Best Paper Awards (BPA) and/or Student Travel Grants (STG). To assist conference and workshop organisers, IFIP has facilities to host conference websites and supports conference management systems such as JEMS, which include export functions that seamlessly integrate with IFIP's Open DL.
History
IFIP was established in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, originally under the name of the International Federation of Information Processing Societies (IFIPS). In preparation, UNESCO had organised the first International Conference on Information Processing, which took place in June 1959 in Paris, and is now considered the first IFIP Congress. Christopher Strachey gave a paper "Time Sharing in Large Fast Computers" at the conference where he envisaged a programmer debugging a program at a console (like a teletype) connected to the computer, while another program was running in the computer at the same time.[4][5][6] At the conference, he passed the concept on to J. C. R. Licklider.[7][8]
The name was changed to IFIP in 1961. The founding president of IFIP was Isaac L. Auerbach (1960–1965).[9]
In 2009, IFIP established the International Professional Practice Partnership (IFIP IP3) to lead the development of the global ICT profession."[10][11]
Congresses
As of 2022 the following IFIP World Computer Congress events took place:[12][13]
1959 Paris, France (pre IFIP)
1962 Munich, Germany
1965 New York, USA
1968 Edinburgh, UK
1971 Ljubljana, Yugoslavia
1974 Stockholm, Sweden
1977 Toronto, Canada
1980 Melbourne/Tokyo, Australia and Japan
1983 Paris, France
1986 Dublin, Ireland
1989 San Francisco, USA
1992 Madrid, Spain
1994 Hamburg, Germany
1996 Canberra, Australia
1998 Vienna/Budapest, Austria and Hungary
2000 Beijing, China
2002 Montreal, Canada
2004 Toulouse, France
2006 Santiago, Chile
2008 Milan, Italy
2010 Brisbane, Australia
2012 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
2015 Daejeon, South Korea
2018 Poznan, Poland
Technical Committees
IFIP's activities are centered on its 14 Technical Committees,[14] which are divided into Working Groups. These groups, (with names like "WG 2.4 Software Implementation Technology") organise conferences and workshops, distribute technical papers and promote discussion and research outcomes.
A full list of IFIP Technical Committees is listed below:
The current IFIP TC1, which focuses on Foundations of Computer Science, was established in 1997. There was an earlier TC1, covering Terminology, which was IFIP's first Technical Committee. Formed in 1961, it produced a multilingual dictionary of information-processing terminology but was later disbanded.
The working groups of the current TC1 are:
WG 1.1 Continuous Algorithms and Complexity
WG 1.2 Descriptional Complexity
WG 1.3 Foundations of System Specification
WG 1.4 Computational Learning Theory
WG 1.5 Cellular Automata and Discrete Complex Systems
WG 1.6 Term Rewriting
WG 1.7 Theoretical Foundations of Security Analysis and Design
Established in 1962, IFIP TC2 explores Software Theory and Practice with the aim of improving software quality by studying all aspects of the software development process to better understand and enhance programming concepts.
The formation of TC3, to deal with computers and education, was announced in 1962. Richard Buckingham of the University of London was appointed its first chairman and TC3 held its initial meeting in Paris in February 1964.[25]
The working groups of IFIP TC3 are:
WG 3.1 Informatics and Digital Technologies in School Education
WG 3.3 Research into Educational Applications of Information Technologies
WG 3.4 Professional and Vocational Education in ICT
WG 3.7 Information Technology in Educational Management
IFIP TC5 Information Technology Applications
Established in 1970, IFIP TC5 provides a focus for multi-disciplinary research into the application of information technologies and practices to facilitate information management. It encompasses work in product life-cycle management, digital modelling, virtual product creation, integrated manufacturing/production management and more.
The working groups of IFIP TC5 are:
WG 5.1 Information Technology in the Product Realization Process
WG 5.4 Computer Aided Innovation
WG 5.5 Cooperation Infrastructure for Virtual Enterprises and Electronic Business (COVE)
WG 5.14 Advanced Information Processing for Agriculture
IFIP TC6 Communication Systems
Established in 1971, IFIP TC6[26] (Communication Systems) is one of the largest TCs within IFIP in terms of activities and revenues. TC6 has nine Working Groups (WGs) as well as a number of Special Interest Groups (SIGs), the majority of which are concerned either with specific aspects of communications systems themselves or with the application of communications systems. In addition, one WG focuses on communications in developing countries. TC6 meets twice a year, in spring and fall, usually co-locating its meetings with a related conference. Examples of TC6 conferences include IFIP Networking, DisCoTec, Middleware, WiOpt, CNSM, Integrated Network Management (IM) and Wireless Days (WD).
TC6 is a strong proponent of open access and the driving force behind the IFIP TC6 Open Digital Library (DL).[27] The IFIP TC6 Open DL is currently operated by TC6 and eventually will move to the INRIA HAL system. To ensure maximum accessibility of accepted papers, several TC6 conferences publish their proceedings not only in the IFIP TC6 Open DL, but also in other online systems, such as IEEE Xplore, ACM DL, ResearchGate and arXiv.
TC6 supports conferences by providing Best Paper Awards (usually 500 Euro each) as well as Student Travel Grants (usually 750 Euro). Conference organisers who intend to obtain IFIP sponsorship are encouraged to fill-in the online Event Request Form (ERF). Depending on the category and type of event, IFIP may charge fees to conferences to cover the costs of (future) awards as well as the IFIP secretariat.
The working groups of IFIP TC6 are:
WG 6.1 Architectures and Protocols for Distributed Systems
WG 6.2 Network and Internetwork Architectures
WG 6.3 Performance of Communication Systems
WG 6.4 Internet Applications Engineering
WG 6.6 Management of Networks and Distributed Systems
WG 6.8 Mobile and Wireless Communications
WG 6.9 Communications Systems in Developing Countries
WG 6.10 Photonic Networking
WG 6.11 Communication Aspects of the E-World
WG 6.12 Service-Oriented Systems (Joint with WG 8.10/WG2.14)
In November 2015, a new Special Interest Group on "Internet of People" (IoP) was created.
IFIP TC7 System Modeling and Optimization
IFIP TC7 was founded in 1972 by A.V. Balakrishnan, J.L. Lions and M. Marchuk. The aims of this Technical Committee are
to provide an international clearing house for computational (as well as related theoretical) aspects of optimization problems in diverse areas and to share computing experience gained on specific applications;[28]
to promote the development of necessary high-level theory to meet the needs of complex optimization problems and establish appropriate cooperation with the International Mathematics Union and similar organisations;[28]
to foster interdisciplinary activity on optimization problems spanning the various areas such as Economics (including Business Administration and Management), Biomedicine, Meteorology, etc., in cooperation with associated international bodies.[28]
The working groups of IFIP TC7 are:
WG 7.1 Modeling and Simulation
WG 7.2 Computational Techniques in Distributed Systems
WG 7.3 Computer System Modeling
WG 7.4 Inverse Problems and Imaging
WG 7.5 Reliability and Optimization of Structural Systems
WG 7.6 Optimization-Based Computer-Aided Modeling and Design
WG 7.7 on Stochastic Optimization
IFIP TC8 Information Systems
IFIP TC8 was established in 1976 and focuses on Information Systems. This committee aims to promote and encourage the advancement of research and practice of concepts, methods, techniques and issues related to information systems in organisations. It currently includes the following working groups:
WG 8.1 Design and Evaluation of Information Systems
WG 8.2 The Interaction of Information Systems and the Organization
WG 8.10 Service-Oriented Systems (Joint with WG 6.12/2.14)
WG 8.11 Information Systems Security Research (Joint with WG 11.13)
IFIP TC9 ICT and Society
IFIP TC9 on ICT and Society was formed in 1976 to develop greater understanding of how ICT innovation is associated with changes in society and to influence the shaping of socially responsible and ethical policies and professional practices. The main work of the TC9 is conducted through its working groups, which organise regular conferences and events, including the Human Choice and Computers (HCC) conference series. This is a well established forum for the study of ICT and Society - the first HCC conference took place in Vienna in 1974, while the last one took place in Finland in 2014.
The working groups of IFIP TC9 are:
WG 9.1 Computers and Work
WG 9.2 Social Accountability and Computing
SIG 9.2.2 Ethics and Computing
WG 9.3 Home-Oriented Informatics and Telematics - HOIT
WG 9.4 Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries
WG 9.5 Virtuality and Society
WG 9.6 Information Technology Mis-use and the Law (Joint with WG 11.7)
WG 9.7 History of Computing
WG 9.8 Gender Diversity and ICT
WG 9.9 ICT and Sustainable Development
WG 9.10 ICT Uses in Peace and War
IFIP TC10 Computer Systems Technology
IFIP TC10 was founded in 1976 and revised in 1987. It aims to promote State-of-the-Art concepts, methodologies and tools in the life cycle of computer systems and to coordinate the exchange of information around these practices.
IFIP TC11 Security and Privacy Protection in Information Processing Systems
IFIP TC11 on Security and Privacy Protection in Information Processing Systems was founded in 1984 and revised in 2006 and 2009. It focuses on increasing the trustworthiness of, and general confidence in, information processing and providing a forum for security and privacy protection experts and others professionally active in the field to share information and advance standards.
IFIP TC11 currently has the following working groups:[29]
WG 11.1 Information Security Management
WG 11.2 Pervasive Systems Security
WG 11.3 Data and Application Security and Privacy
WG 11.4 Network & Distributed Systems Security
WG 11.5 IT Assurance and Audit
WG 11.6 Identity Management
WG 11.7 Information Technology: Misuse and The Law (Joint with WG 9.6)
WG 11.8 Information Security Education
WG 11.9 Digital Forensics
WG 11.10 Critical Infrastructure Protection
WG 11.11 Trust Management
WG 11.12 Human Aspects of Information Security and Assurance
WG 11.13 Information Systems Security Research (Joint with WG 8.11)
IFIP TC12 on Artificial Intelligence was established in 1984 and revised in 1991 and 2004. It aims to foster the development and understanding of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications worldwide and to promote interdisciplinary exchanges between AI and other fields of information processing.
IFIP TC12 currently includes the following working groups:[30]
IFIP TC 13 on Human-Computer Interaction was founded in 1989. It aims to encourage empirical research (using valid and reliable methodology, with studies of the methods themselves where necessary); to promote the use of knowledge and methods from the human sciences in both design and evaluation of computer systems; to promote better understanding of the relation between formal design methods and system usability and acceptability; to develop guidelines, models and methods by which designers may be able to provide better human-oriented computer systems; and to co-operate with other groups, inside and outside IFIP, so as to promote user-orientation and "humani-zation" in system design.
TC 13 currently has nine working groups:
WG 13.1 Education in HCI and HCI Curricula
WG 13.2 Methodology for User-Centered System Design [32]
WG 13.3 Human-Computer Interaction and Disability [33]
WG 13.4 User Interface Engineering (Joint with WG 2.7) [34]
WG 13.5 Resilience, Reliability, Safety and Human Error in System Development
Created in 2002 as SG16, on August 28, 2006, the General Assembly of IFIP decided to establish this new Technical Committee.[19] To encourage computer applications for entertainment and to enhance computer utilization in the home, the technical committee will pursue the following aims: to enhance algorithmic research on board and card games; to promote a new type of entertainment using information technologies; to encourage hardware technology research and development to facilitate implementing entertainment systems, and; to encourage non-traditional human interface technologies for entertainment.
Eugene Howard Spafford, known as Spaf, is an American professor of computer science at Purdue University and a computer security expert.
Brian Randell DSc FBCS FLSW is a British computer scientist, and emeritus professor at the School of Computing, Newcastle University, United Kingdom. He specialises in research into software fault tolerance and dependability, and is a noted authority on the early pre-1950 history of computing hardware.
The Australian Computer Society (ACS) is an association for information and communications technology professionals with 40,000+ members Australia-wide. According to its Constitution, its objectives are "to advance professional excellence in information technology" and "to promote the development of Australian information and communications technology resources".
Nallatech is a computer hardware and software firm based in Camarillo, California, United States. The company specializes in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) integrated circuit technology applied in computing. As of 2007 the company's primary markets include defense and high-performance computing. Nallatech was acquired by Interconnect Systems, Inc. in 2008, which in turn was bought by Molex in 2016.
ISO/IEC JTC 1, entitled "Information technology", is a joint technical committee (JTC) of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its purpose is to develop, maintain and promote standards in the fields of information and communications technology (ICT).
Fabio Paternò is Research Director and Head of the Laboratory on Human Interfaces in Information Systems at Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche in Pisa, Italy.
The Institute of IT Professionals (IITP) is a non-profit incorporated society in New Zealand. As New Zealand's ICT professional body, the IITP exists to promote education and ensure a high level of professional practice amongst ICT professionals. Before July 2012, IITP was known as the New Zealand Computer Society Inc (NZCS).
This National Conference is the biennial conference of the Australian Council for Computers in Education (ACCE). The conference opens to anyone who in interested in sharing their digital teaching experiences. The first conference took place in Melbourne, 1983. Between 1983 and 1996, the conference was held annually across Australia. After 1996, the conference became biennial. From 1994, a series of frameworks were launched in Australia to integrate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into education. Western Australia's 2001 Competency framework for Teachers identified teachers as an important component in developing computer education. In 2010, Education Minister Julia Gillard, proposed an education agenda to provide Australia a better education system. Besides ACCE, there are many organizations and conferences supporting the development of computer education in Australia. Technology in education consists of two major approaches: Learning with technology and learning from technology. Technology in education learning and traditional classroom learning have different focuses and defining features. There are also four types of computer education: Bring your own device(BYOD), blended learning, online learning, and flipped learning.
T. William (Bill) Olle was a British computer scientist and consultant and President of T. William Olle Associates, England.
Jacobus Nicolaas (Sjaak) Brinkkemper is a Dutch computer scientist, and Full Professor of organisation and information at the Department of Information and Computing Sciences of Utrecht University.
Henk Gerard Sol is a Dutch organizational theorist and Emeritus Professor of Business Engineering and ICT at Groningen University. His research focuses on the development of services enabled by ICT, management information systems, decision enhancement and telematics.
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection is a standardization subcommittee of the Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 develops International Standards, Technical Reports, and Technical Specifications within the field of information security. Standardization activity by this subcommittee includes general methods, management system requirements, techniques and guidelines to address information security, cybersecurity and privacy. Drafts of International Standards by ISO/IEC JTC 1 or any of its subcommittees are sent out to participating national standardization bodies for ballot, comments and contributions. Publication as an ISO/IEC International Standard requires approval by a minimum of 75% of the national bodies casting a vote. The international secretariat of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27 is the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) located in Germany.
IFIP Working Group WG 2.10 on Software Architecture is a working group of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP).
The German Informatics Society (GI) is a German professional society for computer science, with around 20,000 personal and 250 corporate members. It is the biggest organized representation of its kind in the German-speaking world.
The Swiss Informatics Society, short "SI", is a Swiss organization of computer science educators, researchers, and professionals.
Janis Askolds Bubenko junior was a Swedish computer scientist and Professor Emeritus at the Department of Computer and Systems Science, Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University.
Simon Rogerson is lifetime Professor Emeritus in Computer Ethics at the Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility (CCSR), De Montfort University. He was the founder and editor for 19 volumes of the Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society. He has had two careers; first as a technical software developer and then in academia as reformer. He was the founding Director of CCSR, launching it in 1995 at the first ETHICOMP conference which he conceived and co-directed until 2013. He became Europe's first Professor in Computer Ethics in 1998. His most important research focuses on providing rigorously grounded practical tools and guidance to computing practitioners. For his leadership and research achievements in the computer and information ethics interdisciplinary field he was awarded the fifth IFIP-WG9.2 Namur Award in 2000 and the SIGCAS Making a Difference Award in 2005.
Sushil Jajodia is an American computer scientist known for his work on cyber security and privacy, databases, and distributed systems.
↑ "Computer Pioneers - Christopher Strachey". history.computer.org. Retrieved 2020-01-23. What Strachey proposed in his concept of time-sharing was an arrangement that would preserve the direct contact between programmer and machine, while still achieving the economy of multiprogramming.
↑ F. J. Corbató, et al., The Compatible Time-Sharing System A Programmer's Guide (MIT Press, 1963) ISBN978-0-262-03008-3. "Shortly after the first paper on time-shared computers by C. Strachey at the June 1959 UNESCO Information Processing conference, H. M. Teager and J. McCarthy at MIT delivered an unpublished paper "Time-shared Program Testing" at the August 1959 ACM Meeting."
↑ John McCarthy, Reminiscences on the History of Time SharingArchived 2007-10-20 at the Wayback Machine (Stanford University 1983). "in 1960 `time-sharing' as a phrase was much in the air. It was, however, generally used in my sense rather than in John McCarthy's sense of a CTSS-like object. "
↑ "Computer - Time-sharing and minicomputers". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-01-23. In 1959 Christopher Strachey in the United Kingdom and John McCarthy in the United States independently described something they called time-sharing.
↑ John Impagliazzo, History of Computing and Education 2 (HCE2): IFIP 19th World Computer Congress, WG 9.7, TC 9: History of Computing, Proceedings of the Second Conference on the History of Computing and Education, August 21–24, Santiago, Chile (2006), p. 8
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