This article needs additional citations for verification .(March 2018) |
Abbreviation | IUBMB |
---|---|
Formation | 1955 |
Type | INGO, standards organization |
Region served | Worldwide |
Official language | English |
President | Alexandra Newton (Canada, USA, United Kingdom) |
Website | iubmb.org |
The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) is an international non-governmental organisation concerned with biochemistry and molecular biology. Formed in 1955 as the International Union of Biochemistry (IUB), the union has presently 79 member countries and regions (as of 2020). [1] The Union is devoted to promoting research and education in biochemistry and molecular biology throughout the world, and gives particular attention to localities where the subject is still in its early development.
The first Congress of Biochemistry was held in 1949 in Cambridge, UK, and was inspired by German-born British biochemist Sir Hans Adolf Krebs as a means of bringing together biochemists who had been separated by World War II from collaborating. At the time, biochemistry was blossoming as a discipline and was seeking its own recognition as a Union within the International Council for Science (ICSU). The Congress was a first step to recognize Biochemistry as a separate discipline and entity. At the final session of this congress, the International Committee of Biochemistry was set up with 20 members from 14 countries with the goal obtaining from the ICSU ‘recognition as the international body representative of biochemistry, with a view to the formal constitution of an International Union of Biochemistry as soon as possible’. Discussions continued over the next few years, and by the third Congress of Biochemistry, which took place in Brussels in 1955, the International Union of Biochemistry (IUB) was formed and officially admitted to the ICSU. [2] In 1991, the IUB changed its name to the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB).
The IUBMB unites biochemists and molecular biologists in 75 countries that belong to the IUBMB as an Adhering Body or Associate Adhering Body represented by a biochemical society, a national research council or an academy of sciences. [3] It also represents the regional organizations, [4] Federation of Asian Oceanian Biochemists and Molecular Biologists (FAOBMB), Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS), and Pan-American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (PABMB).
IUBMB organizes a triennial Congress of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and sponsors three annual Focussed Meetings. In addition, it supports symposia, educational activities (including the Tang Fellowships), award lectures (including Jubilee Lectures), and travel grants for students around the world.
The IUBMB is committed to providing training opportunities to biochemists and molecular biologists around the world. The Wood Whelan Research fellowship, established in honor of past-Presidents Harland G. Wood and William Joseph Whelan, provides opportunities for students to travel to a laboratory in a different country to work on a specified project. Mid Career Fellowships provide a similar opportunity to early career investigators. [5] The IUBMB collaborates with American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology to offer PROLAB fellowships to provide opportunities for Latin American students to study in the US.
The IUBMB publishes standards on biochemical nomenclature, including Enzyme Commission number nomenclature, in some cases jointly with the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The enzyme nomenclature scheme [6] was developed in 1955 at the International Congress of Biochemistry and, with the addition of translocases in 2018, contains 7 classes of enzymes. [7] [8]
The IUBMB is associated with the journals IUBMB Life, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education (formerly Biochemical Education), BioFactors, Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry , Molecular Aspects of Medicine and Trends in Biochemical Sciences . The publishing program supports the IUBMB's mission of fostering growth and advancement of biochemistry and molecular biology as the foundation from which the biomolecular sciences derive their basic ideas and techniques in the service of humanity. [9]
Nr. | Term | President | From |
---|---|---|---|
20. | 2021–2024 | Alexandra Newton | Canada & United States & United Kingdom |
19. | 2018–2021 | Andrew H. J. Wang | Taiwan |
18. | 2015–2018 | Joan J. Guinovart (es) | Spain |
17. | 2012–2015 | Gregory Petsko | United States |
16. | 2007–2012 | Angelo Azzi (pl) | Switzerland & United States |
15. | 2006 | George L. Kenyon | United States |
14. | 2003–2006 | Mary Osborn | United Kingdom & Germany |
13. | 2000–2003 | Brian F.C. Clark | Denmark |
12. | 1997–2000 | William Joseph Whelan | United Kingdom & United States |
11. | 1994–97 | Kunio Yagi | Japan |
10. | 1991–94 | Hans L. Komberg | United Kingdom |
9. | 1988–91 | E.C. (Bill) Slater | Netherlands |
8. | 1985–88 | Marianne Grunberg-Manago | France |
7. | 1979–85 | Harland G. Wood | United States |
6. | 1979 | Feodor Lynen | Germany |
5. | 1976–79 | Aleksander A. Bayev (ru) | Russia |
4. | 1973–76 | Osamu Hayaishi | Japan |
3. | 1967–73 | A. Hugo T. Theorell | Sweden |
2. | 1961–67 | Severo Ochoa | Spain & United States |
1. | 1955–61 | Marcel Florkin | Belgium |
Cytochromes are redox-active proteins containing a heme, with a central iron (Fe) atom at its core, as a cofactor. They are involved in electron transport chain and redox catalysis. They are classified according to the type of heme and its mode of binding. Four varieties are recognized by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB), cytochromes a, cytochromes b, cytochromes c and cytochrome d.
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations working for the advancement of the chemical sciences, especially by developing nomenclature and terminology. It is a member of the International Science Council (ISC). IUPAC is registered in Zürich, Switzerland, and the administrative office, known as the "IUPAC Secretariat", is in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States. This administrative office is headed by IUPAC's executive director, currently Greta Heydenrych.
Selenocysteine is the 21st proteinogenic amino acid. Selenoproteins contain selenocysteine residues. Selenocysteine is an analogue of the more common cysteine with selenium in place of the sulfur.
The Enzyme Commission number is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the corresponding enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
The enzyme unit, or international unit for enzyme is a unit of enzyme's catalytic activity.
A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups from one molecule to another. They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life's most important processes.
The Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics(IBB) is a pioneering Iranian research institute founded in 1976 to conduct world class research in cellular and molecular biology. It is affiliated with University of Tehran and is located in the university campus.
The Federation of the European Biochemical Societies, frequently abbreviated FEBS, is an international scientific society promoting activities in biochemistry, molecular biology and related research areas in Europe and neighbouring regions. It was founded in 1964 and includes over 35,000 members across 39 Constituent Societies.
Marianne Grunberg-Manago was a Soviet-born French biochemist. Her work helped make possible key discoveries about the nature of the genetic code. Grunberg-Manago was the first woman to lead the International Union of Biochemistry and the 400-year-old French Academy of Sciences.
Osamu Hayaishi MJA, was a Japanese biochemist, physiologist, and military physician. He discovered Oxygenases at the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health in 1955.
Malcolm Dixon was a British biochemist.
Life Sciences Switzerland (LS2) is the Swiss federation of scientific societies for life sciences. It was formerly known as the Union of the Swiss Societies for Experimental Biology (USGEB). It was founded in 1969, with the founding meeting taking place in Bern, Switzerland. At the founding, four societies, Swiss Society for Physiology, Swiss Society for Biochemistry, Swiss Society for Pharmacology and Swiss Society for Cell & Molecular Biology comprised the original societies.
William Joseph Whelan FRS was a British-born American biochemist. He was professor and chair of biochemistry and molecular biology at the Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine of the University of Miami. He founded the annual Miami Winter Symposium in 1967 and was chief editor of the journal IUBMB Life.
Anthony William Linnane (1930–2017) was an Australian professor of biochemistry, known for his work on mitochondria.
Andrew Wang or Wang Hui-jun, usually cited as Andrew H. J. Wang, is a Taiwanese biochemist.
Athel Cornish-Bowden is a British biochemist known for his numerous textbooks, particularly those on enzyme kinetics and his work on metabolic control analysis.
Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi is an Iranian Biophysicist, and Biophysical Chemist at the Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran. He is the founder of the Iran Society of Biophysical ChemistryArchived 2014-09-04 at the Wayback Machine. He is the fellow of The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), fellow of Islamic World Academy of Sciences (IAS), and a member of the Islamic Republic of Iran Academy of Sciences.
The Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) is an academic society founded in 1955. Originally named Australian Biochemical Society, it was renamed to its current title in 1990. Its main activities include hosting scientific conferences, supporting ancillary symposia, workshops and publishing an educational magazine.
Edwin Clifford Webb (1921–2006) was a biochemist. He studied nerve gases at the University of Cambridge where he was a Beit Fellow and lecturer. He had earned his doctorate there, working in the laboratory of Malcolm Dixon and continued to collaborate with him in the study of enzymes. Together, they wrote a classic textbook on the subject, Enzymes, which was first published by Longmans in 1958, He then took a chair in biochemistry at the University of Queensland but continued to collaborate with Dixon on further editions. In 1970, he became the Deputy Vice-Chancellor at Queensland and in 1975 he became the second Vice-Chancellor of Macquarie University. He retired in 1986 but continued to work on the enzyme list of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) while living in Townsville.