Japanese long-eared bat

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Japanese Long-eared Bat
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Vespertilionidae
Genus: Plecotus
Species:
P. sacrimontis
Binomial name
Plecotus sacrimontis
Synonyms
  • Plecotus auritus sacrimontis (Allen, 1908)

The Japanese long-eared bat (Plecotus sacrimontis) is a species of vesper bat endemic to Japan, where it is found in Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku. It has distinctive, long ears, hence its Japanese name, the 'rabbit bat'. Formerly included as a subspecies of the European bat Plecotus auritus , genetic studies now indicate Plecotus sacrimontis is a separate species. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy and etymology

It was described as a new species in 1908 by American zoologist Glover Morrill Allen. The holotype had been collected in December 1906 by Alan Owston on Mount Fuji. Allen received the specimen from Thomas Barbour. Allen noted that it resembled the brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus. [3] Its species name "sacrimontis" is from Latin sacer meaning "sacred" and mons meaning "mountain." [4]

In 1929, Nikolay Alekseyevich Bobrinski published that he considered P. sacrimontis as a synonym of P. auritus. In 1938, Allen himself expressed doubts about P. sacrimontis as a species, saying "Bobrinski...is very likely right in believing the name a synonym of P. auritus." [5] In 1942, George Henry Hamilton Tate published that he considered P. sacrimontis as a subspecies of P. auritus, with a trinomen of P. auritus sacrimontis. [6] This was largely maintained until 2006, when Spitzenberger et al. revised the genus Plecotus . They found that P. sacrimontis had a high genetic distance from other Plecotus species, and thus determined that it should be considered a full species rather than a subspecies of P. auritus. [7]

Description

It has woolly fur and a "mask" of darker fur on its face. [7]

Range and habitat

Its range includes several islands of Japan, including Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Rebun, and Rishiri. It is also found on the Kuril Islands, specifically Iturup and Kunashir. [1] It has been documented at a range of elevations from 700–1,700 m (2,300–5,600 ft) above sea level. [1]

Conservation

As of 2019, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The brown long-eared bat or common long-eared bat is a small Eurasian insectivorous bat. It has distinctive ears, long and with a distinctive fold. It is extremely similar to the much rarer grey long-eared bat which was only validated as a distinct species in the 1960s. An adult brown long-eared bat has a body length of 4.5–4.8 cm, a tail of 4.1–4.6 cm, and a forearm length of 4–4.2 cm. The ears are 3.3–3.9 cm in length, and readily distinguish the long-eared bats from most other bat species. They are relatively slow flyers compared to other bat species.

<i>Plecotus</i> Genus of bats

Plecotus is a genus of vesper bat, commonly called long-eared bats. They are found throughout Eurasia and northern Africa. Many species in the genus have only been described and recognized in recent years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpine long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The Alpine long-eared bat or mountain long-eared bat is a species of long-eared bat. It was originally described from Switzerland and Austria as a species intermediate between the brown long-eared bat and the grey long-eared bat in 1965. It was later described in 2002, from France and Austria, respectively. Despite its name, this species is not restricted to the Alps, being found in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and elsewhere. It differs from other European long-eared bats, such as the brown long-eared bat, by its white underparts.

Bobrinski's serotine is a species of vesper bat. It can be found in Iran and Kazakhstan.

The Ethiopian long-eared bat or Ethiopian big-eared bat is a species of long-eared bat in the family Vespertilionidae.

Christie's long-eared bat, also known as the Egyptian long-eared bat, Christie's big-eared bat, or gray long-eared bat, is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is known from North Africa and the Middle East. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rocky areas, and hot deserts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canary long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The Canary long-eared bat, also known as the Canary big-eared bat or Tenerife long-eared bat, is a species of vesper bat endemic to the Canary Islands. According to the IUCN, it is vulnerable to the risk of extinction. The species is primarily found in woodland habitat at elevations between 100 and 2300 m. It feeds mainly on moths. Roosting sites include caves, lava tubes and abandoned buildings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fringed long-footed myotis</span> Species of bat

The fringed long-footed myotis is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grandidier's trident bat</span> Species of bat

Grandidier's trident bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae endemic to Madagascar. It was formerly assigned to the genus Triaenops, but is now placed in the separate genus Paratriaenops.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sardinian long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The Sardinian long-eared bat is a species of bat endemic to Sardinia, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ognev's long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

Ognev's long-eared bat is a species of bat found in Asia. By 2006, it was recognized as a separate species from the P. auritus species complex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaisler's long-eared bat</span> Species of bat

Gaisler's long-eared bat is a species of bat in the genus Plecotus. It is a medium-sized grayish-brown and found in Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia.

The Turkmen long-eared bat is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, and possibly Mongolia.

The Himalayan long-eared bat, also known as Hodgson's long-eared bat, is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is ranges from the Indian subcontinent east to China and south to Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plecotini</span>

Plecotini is a tribe of bats in the family Vespertilionidae. It contains several genera found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, in Eurasia, North Africa, and North America. Several genera in this tribe are known as big-eared bats or long-eared bats. It also contains the spotted bat and barbastelles.

Kozlov's long-eared bat is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in southern Mongolia and adjacent parts of China.

Strelkov's long-eared bat is a species of vesper bat found in mountainous regions of Central Asia.

Ward's long-eared bat is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found in mountainous regions of South Asia and adjoining regions.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2019). "Plecotus sacrimontis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T136664A21988235. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136664A21988235.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Ohdachi, Satoshi D. I; Ishibashi, Yasuyuki; Iwasa, Masahiro A.; Saitoh, Takashi (2009): The Wild Mammals of Japan, Shoukadoh, Kyoto, ISBN   978-4-87974-626-9 C0645
  3. ↑ Allen, G. M. (1908). "Notes on Chiroptera". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 52: 50–51.
  4. ↑ Lamboj, A.; Pichler, C. (2012). "On the validity of Pelvicachromis sacrimontis Paulo, 1977 (Perciformes, Cichlidae), with designation of a neotype, and redescription of the species". Zootaxa. 3436 (1): 61–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3436.1.5.
  5. ↑ Allen, Glover M. (1938). "The mammals of China and Mongolia". pt.1. American Museum of Natural History: 258–260. doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.12195 .{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ↑ Tate, G. H. H. (1942). Review of the vespertilionine bats, with special attention to genera and species of the Archbold collections. American Museum of Natural History. p. 231. hdl:2246/1783.
  7. 1 2 Spitzenberger, Friederike; Strelkov, Petr P.; Winkler, Hans; Haring, Elisabeth (2006). "A preliminary revision of the genus Plecotus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) based on genetic and morphological results". Zoologica Scripta. 35 (3): 187–230. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00224.x. S2CID   86065200.
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