Jay Nixon

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In November 2005, Nixon filed with the Missouri Ethics Commission to launch a gubernatorial campaign. [35] In a Research 2000 poll in January 2006, Nixon led over Republican Governor Matt Blunt by eight points. [36] Blunt announced on January 22, 2008, that he would not seek a second term. By the filing deadline on March 25, 2008, three Democratic and five Republican candidates had filed. [37]

Nixon won the Democratic nomination on August 5, the same day Kenny Hulshof won the Republican nomination. [38] Pre-election polling showed Nixon regularly leading Hulshof, and he eventually opened up a 20-point lead two days before the election. [39] On November 4, Nixon defeated Hulshof by a margin of 19 points. The election coincided with the 2008 presidential election, and despite Nixon's landslide win, Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama lost Missouri to Republican John McCain.

First term (2009–2013)

Nixon was inaugurated as governor on January 12, 2009, sworn in by chief justice of the Missouri Supreme Court, Laura Denvir Stith. [40]

Nixon took office amid the Great Recession, and to combat this he focused on creating jobs, investing in education, and strengthening the state's economy while keeping the budget in balance. [41] In January 2009, Nixon proposed keeping the same funding level to public universities on behalf of the schools not increasing their tuition fees, which was generally met favorably. [42] Nixon also negotiated four tuition freezes for students at public higher education institutions. [43]

In July 2009, Nixon traveled to Iraq after the Department of Defense invited him to meet with U.S. soldiers. For security reasons, he did not disclose which military base he was staying at, other than it was in Kuwait. [44] He traveled to Germany that same month before returning to Missouri on July 22. [45]

Nixon speaking to President Barack Obama in 2012 P022412PS-0134 (6857407114).jpg
Nixon speaking to President Barack Obama in 2012

Upon taking office, Nixon "began cutting spending almost immediately and has made repeated reductions to the budgets passed by the Legislature in subsequent years." [46] In 2010, Nixon was called the state's budget "cutter-in-chief" by the Associated Press for his efforts to reduce spending and right-size state government. [47] Some of Nixon's budget restrictions drew criticism and in 2011 Missouri State Auditor Tom Schweich filed suit arguing that Nixon lacked the constitutional authority to restrict spending. [48] Schweich's lawsuit was dismissed by the Missouri Supreme Court in 2013 but the following year the Missouri General Assembly passed and voters approved Amendment 10, granting legislators the ability to overrule a governor's budget restrictions. [49]

Nixon drew praise for his handling of EF-5 tornado that struck Joplin on May 22, 2011. [50] The Associated Press in 2011 called him "a ubiquitous commander of disasters." [51]

Aiming to revitalize the state's automotive manufacturing industry, Nixon created an Automotive Jobs Task Force and in 2011 called a special session of the General Assembly to pass the Missouri Manufacturing Jobs Act. On October 21, 2011 Ford confirmed that it would make a $1.1 billion investment in its Kansas City Assembly Plant and add 1,600 jobs at the facility. [52] On November 4, 2011 General Motors announced plans for a $380 million investment in its Wentzville plant outside St. Louis. [53] The St. Louis Post Dispatch editorialized that "key to both Ford and GM agreeing to expand in the state were incentives championed in last year's Legislative special session by Gov. Jay Nixon, a Democrat, and the then-leaders of the House and Senate, Ron Richard and Charlie Shields, both Republicans." [54]

Second term (2013–2017)

Running on a platform of fiscal responsibility and bipartisanship, Nixon was handily reelected in 2012 over Republican Dave Spence. [55] He began his second term on January 14, 2013. In his inaugural address, he recalled Missouri's history as a Confederate State during the American Civil War while encouraging state Republicans and Democrats to unite for "the common good". [56] In 2013, he joined with nine mayors to establish July 15 as Social Media Giving Day, encouraging citizens to support charities via social media. [57]

Nixon watches a Missouri Tigers volleyball game at the Hearnes Center, 2013. Gov. Jay Nixon at Hearnes Center.jpg
Nixon watches a Missouri Tigers volleyball game at the Hearnes Center, 2013.

Nixon's second term came with crisis following the August 9, 2014, shooting death of 18-year-old Michael Brown by Darren Wilson, a police officer with the Ferguson police department. Brown's death sparked a series of violence and protests throughout the city. Nixon declared a state of emergency on November 17 and called in the National Guard to help restore peace and order. [58] [59] [60] However, the violence continued after Wilson was not indicted by a grand jury. [61] [62] On November 27, Nixon reportedly rejected calls for a new grand jury to decide whether to charge Wilson over Brown's killing. [63] His gubernatorial approval ratings, which were routinely in the 50s, fell dramatically during the crisis, and by December his approval rating stood at just 28 percent. [64]

Following the death of State Auditor Tom Schweich, Nixon appointed Boone County Treasurer Nicole Galloway to fill the post in 2015. [65] Galloway later won a full term as state auditor in the 2018 general election. [66]

Nixon visiting an elementary school in 2014 Governor Jay Nixon Speaks at Town Hall PTA Meeting.jpg
Nixon visiting an elementary school in 2014

On August 2, 2016, Michael Barrett, director of the Missouri State Public Defender System, called on Nixon to act as a public defender in a criminal assault case. Nixon's communications director, Scott Holste, questioned the authority of Barrett to do so. [67] The appointment followed a July 2016 legal action in which Barrett et al. challenged the constitutionality of restricting funds for indigent defense. [68]

In an open letter to Nixon, Barrett cited Missouri Revised Statues Section 600.042.5(1) [69] as well as the 6th and 14th amendments to the United States Constitution as reasons for the controversial action. Barrett blamed Nixon for the underfunding and understaffing of the public defender system and chose to appoint him because he was "the one attorney in the state who not only created the problem, but is in a unique position to address it." [70] According to Barrett, the funding for "resources that assist with delivering legal services" had increased between 5 and 6% since 2009, while costs over the same period had increased 18%. The case load had increased over 12% in the past year. [71] According to a 2008 report by the National Legal Aid & Defender Association, Missouri ranks 49th in per capita legal aid spending. [72] Ruth Petsch, Jackson County Missouri's chief public defender, cited the lack of funding for inadequate defense and 9 to 12 month delays in adjudication for indigent persons who often remain in jail and are unable to maintain active employment during that time. [73]

From November 2015 to November 2016, Missouri added 57,100 jobs, more than all eight of its neighboring states. [74]

Post-gubernatorial career

Nixon left office on January 9, 2017, with the inauguration of his successor Eric Greitens. He was the first Missouri governor to complete two-full terms since John Ashcroft completed his second term in 1993. After leaving office, Jay Nixon State Park was opened in eastern Missouri. [75] In mid-April 2019, Nixon served as a visiting Menschel Senior Leadership Fellow at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. [76]

Nixon represented televangelist Jim Bakker in his lawsuit filed by Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt for allegedly selling false cures for the 2019-20 strains of coronavirus. [77]

Nixon was seen as a potential candidate for the U.S. Senate election in 2022, with support from national party leaders such as Chuck Schumer. [78] Ultimately, Nixon declined to run. [79]

In 2023, Nixon was recruited by the organization No Labels to secure ballot access in all 50 states. [80]

Personal life

Georganne and Jay Nixon in 2011 Missouri Governor Jay Nixon and First Lady Georganne Nixon.jpg
Georganne and Jay Nixon in 2011

After leaving office Nixon moved to University City, Missouri with his wife Georganne. The couple have two adult sons, Jeremiah and Will, both named after their father. Nixon is a Methodist.

Electoral history

As Governor

Jay Nixon
MO Governors - 55 Jeremiah "Jay" Nixon (2009-2017) (52976934813).jpg
Official portrait, 2008
55th Governor of Missouri
In office
January 12, 2009 –January 9, 2017
Missouri gubernatorial election, 2012 [81]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon (incumbent) 1,485,147 54.68% −3.71%
Republican Dave Spence 1,157,47542.62%+3.12%
Libertarian Jim Higgins73,1962.70%+1.59%
Missouri Gubernatorial Democratic Primary Election, 2012
PartyCandidateVotes%±
DemocraticJay Nixon (incumbent)270,14085.99
DemocraticWilliam Campbell25,7758.20
DemocraticClay Thunderhawk18,2435.81
Missouri Gubernatorial Election 2008
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon 1,680,611 58.40
Republican Kenny Hulshof 1,136,36439.49
Libertarian Andy Finkenstadt31,8501.11−
Constitution Greg Thompson28,9411.01
Missouri Gubernatorial Democratic Primary Election 2008
PartyCandidateVotes%±
DemocraticJay Nixon304,18185.0
DemocraticDaniel Carroll53,83515.0

As Attorney General

Missouri Attorney General Election 2004
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon (incumbent) 1,592,842 59.96
Republican Chris Byrd1,000,50337.66
Libertarian David R. Browning43,5381.64−
Constitution David Fry19,8020.75
Missouri Attorney General Election 2000
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon (incumbent) 1,378,296 60.25
Republican Sam Jones855,81437.41
Libertarian Mitch Moore53,3632.33−
Missouri Attorney General Election 1996
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon (incumbent) 1,243,091 59.42
Republican Mark Bredemeier767,96236.71
Constitution Kimberly Lowe81,0743.88
Missouri Attorney General Election 1992
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Jay Nixon 1,154,714 49.94
Republican David L. Steelman1,064,81446.05
Libertarian Mitchell J. Moore92,5764.00−

U.S. Senate elections

Missouri U.S. Senate Election 1998
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Kit Bond 830,625 52.68
Democratic Jay Nixon690,20843.77
Libertarian Tamara A. Millay31,8762.02−
Constitution David Fry15,3680.97
Reform James F. Newport8,7800.56
Missouri U.S. Senate Democratic Primary Election 1998
PartyCandidateVotes%±
DemocraticJay Nixon200,33966.5
DemocraticJames Askew57,36419.1
DemocraticDaniel Dodson19,2576.4
DemocraticBob Buck14,7744.9
DemocraticAndrew Ostrowski9,3893.1
Missouri U.S. Senate Election 1988
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican John Danforth 1,407,416 67.70
Democratic Jay Nixon660,04531.75
Libertarian John Guze11,4100.55−

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References

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  8. 1 2 Reilly, Mike (April 24, 1987). Democrats planning statewide comeback. Columbia Daily Tribune.
  9. ↑ Democrat From Festus Will Be Only Newcomer In State Senate. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. November 6, 1986.
  10. ↑ Satellite dishes plan. St. Joseph Gazette. January 17, 1987.
  11. ↑ Lindecke, Fred W. (October 7, 1987). Jay Nixon Files To Run Against Danforth In '88. St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
  12. ↑ Ball, Karen (June 25, 1988). Nixon backing prompts assault. Columbia Daily Tribune.
  13. ↑ Wretched Campaign Excesses. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. November 11, 1988.
  14. ↑ Leave Bill Backed For Maternity. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. March 8, 1989.
  15. ↑ CAPITAL BRIEFS. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. March 16, 1989.
  16. ↑ Young, Virginia (May 27, 1990). Bill Gives Leaves To Mothers. St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
  17. ↑ Ashcroft vetoes maternity leave measure. The Kansas City Star. July 14, 1990.
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  19. ↑ Nixon In Attorney General Race. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. September 24, 1991.
  20. ↑ Attorney General candidates spar. St. Joseph News-Press. July 22, 1992.
  21. ↑ Missouri Democrats return. The Kansas City Star. November 6, 1992.
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  23. ↑ "Conservation Federation of Missouri". Archived from the original on July 21, 2007.
  24. ↑ Keller, Rudi (September 28, 2008). "Local News: Jay Nixon: A life in public service (09/28/08)". Semissourian.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2008. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
  25. ↑ Dunn, Joshua (2012). Complex Justice: The Case of Missouri v. Jenkins. University of North Carolina Press. p. 88. ISBN   9781469606606.
  26. ↑ Niedowski, Erika (June 16, 1998). "Missouri Democrat's Senate Drive Is Clouded By Desegregation Case - June 16, 1998". www.cnn.com. Archived from the original on May 24, 2000. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  27. ↑ Freeman, Greg (November 5, 1998). "Bond's victory may signal a political shift for blacks". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. p. 10. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  28. ↑ Nixon wants felon removed from ballot. Columbia Daily Tribune. April 30, 2000.
  29. ↑ Rowden, Tim (May 8, 2000). Judge orders sheriff candidate Manley off the primary ballot. St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
  30. ↑ "Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC - 528 U.S. 377 (2000)". Oyez: Chicago-Kent College of Law. Retrieved November 21, 2013.
  31. ↑ Suits filed under no-call law against two firms. The Springfield News-Leader. August 28, 2003.
  32. ↑ Suhr, Jim (August 28, 2003). Missouri sues Florida company, alleging violations of no-call law. The Naples Daily News. Associated Press.
  33. ↑ Firm will pay $80,000 on Missouri No-Call law. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. February 5, 2008.
  34. ↑ "Nixon blames 'overzealousness' for militia report". Archived from the original on March 30, 2009. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
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  37. ↑ Archived February 10, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
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  45. ↑ State's top 3 leaders now out of state. The Springfield News-Leader. July 22, 2009.
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  54. ↑ "Editorial: More good news for Missouri from automotive industry". St. Louis Post Dispatch. October 8, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
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  62. ↑ Harlan, Chico (November 25, 2014). "After a night of violence in Ferguson, Nixon moves to prevent more destruction". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
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  64. ↑ Kraske, Steve (December 6, 2014). POLITICAL NUMBERS SPEAK VOLUMES. The Kansas City Star.
  65. ↑ Hancock, Jason. "Boone County's treasurer, Nicole Galloway, will become Missouri auditor". The Kansas City Star.
  66. ↑ Fenske, Sarah. "Nicole Galloway Wins Missouri Auditor Race, a Lone Democrat in a Red State". Riverfront Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2018. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  67. ↑ Reilly, Katie (August 13, 2016). "Missouri's Governor Cut Funding to the State's Public Defenders. So They Assigned Him a Case". Time. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  68. ↑ Barrett, Michael (July 13, 2016). "Public Defender Files Legal Challenge to Governor's Withhold Actions". Missouri State Public Defender, Office of the Director. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
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  71. ↑ Barrett, Michael (August 9, 2016). "Public Defender Response to Governor's Comments" (PDF). Missouri State Public Defender, Office of the Director. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 11, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  72. ↑ Wallace, Jo-Ann (June 2008). "A Race to the Bottom: Evaluation: Trial-Level Indigent Defense Systems In Michigan" (PDF). National Legal Aid & Defender Association. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  73. ↑ Martin, Luke X. (August 11, 2016). "Missouri's Top Public Defender Doubles Down On Jay Nixon's Assignment". KCUR Public Radio. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  74. ↑ "In new jobs, state excels". Washington Missourian. January 5, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
  75. ↑ Johnson, Wes (January 11, 2017). New 1,230-acre state park named for Nixon. The Springfield News-Leader.
  76. ↑ "Jay Nixon, former Governor of Missouri". Voices in Leadership. March 26, 2019.
  77. ↑ Salter, John (May 5, 2020). "Jim Bakker seeks dismissal of suit claiming he touted false virus cure". Star Tribune . Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  78. ↑ Hancock, Jason (July 12, 2021). "Jay Nixon plans to headline Clay County Democrat event, fueling Senate speculation • Missouri Independent". Missouri Independent. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  79. ↑ Hancock, Jason (July 29, 2021). "Jay Nixon Will Not Run For Missouri's Open U.S. Senate Seat In 2022". KCUR - Kansas City news and NPR. Archived from the original on July 29, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  80. ↑ Keller, Rudi (July 31, 2023). "Former Missouri Gov. Jay Nixon enlists in effort to build new political force • Missouri Independent". Missouri Independent. Archived from the original on July 31, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  81. ↑ Archived November 15, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri
(Class 1)
1988 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Democratic nominee for Missouri Attorney General
1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from Missouri
(Class 3)
1998 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Democratic nominee for Governor of Missouri
2008, 2012 		Succeeded by
Legal offices
Preceded by Attorney General of Missouri
1993–2009		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Missouri
2009–2017		Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byas Former Governor Order of precedence of the United States Succeeded byas Former Governor
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