Lethrinus obsoletus

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Lethrinus obsoletus
Lethrinus obsoletus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Lethrinidae
Genus: Lethrinus
Species:
L. obsoletus
Binomial name
Lethrinus obsoletus
(Forsskål, 1775) [2]
Synonyms [3]
  • Sciaena obsoleta Forsskål, 1775
  • Sciaena ramak Forsskål, 1775
  • Lethrinus ramak (Forsskål, 1775)
  • Lethrinus cutambi Seale, 1910

Lethrinus obsoletus, the orange-striped emperor, yellow-banded emperor or yellowstripe emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

Taxonomy

Lethrinus obsoletus was first formally described as Sciaena obsoleta by the Swedish-speaking Finnish explorer, orientalist, naturalist Peter Forsskål and published in 1775 in Descriptiones animalium edited by Carsten Niebuhr with no Type locality being given but it is assumed to be the Red Sea. [4] Some authors place the genus Lethrinus in the monotypic subfamily Lethrininae, with all the other genera of Lethrinidae placed in the Monotaxinae, however, the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise the subfamilies traditionally accepted within the family Lethrinidae as valid. The family Lethrinidae is classified by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World as belonging to the order Spariformes. [5]

Etymology

Lethrinus obsoletus has the specific name obsoletus which means "worn out" or “decayed”, this appears to be an allusion to the faint yellow-purple stripe, which was described as “orange-yellow” in contemporaneous accounts. [6]

Description

Lethrinus obsoletus has its dorsal fin supported by 10 spines and 9 soft rays while there are 2 spines ands 8 soft ratys supporting its anal fin. [3] The body is moderately deep, the depth fitting into its standard length 2.4 to 2.8 times. The dorsal profile of the head around the eye is straight or a little convex and on the snout it is also slightly convex. [7] The teeth in the jaws at the sides of the mouth are rounded or conical. The axilla of the pectoral fin is densely scaled. [8] The overall colour is light tan to olive-brown with a horizontal yellow-orange stripe along the lower flank between the base of the pectoral fin to the caudal peduncle. There are two indistinct yellowish orange stripes above the main stripe and there are a number of wide, faint, vertical and oblique dark and light coloured bands on the head, with white spots sometinmes shoeing under the eyes. The fins are whitish or yellowish brown and are sometimes blotched. [9] This species has a maximum published total length of 60 cm (24 in), although 30 cm (12 in) is more typical. [3]

Distribution and habitat

Lethrinus obsoletus has a wide distribution in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. It is found along the coast of eastern Africa from the Red Sea south to Sodwana Bay in South Africa. [8] It is found acroos the Indian Ocean into the Pacific as far as the Ryukyu Islands, Tonga and Samoa. [1] In Australian waters it is found at Rowley Shoals, Scott Reef and Hibernia Reef off Western Australia, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Ashmore Reef in the Timor Sea and along the northern Great Barrier Reef off Queensland, [9] The orange-striped emperors is typically found in seagrass beds, as well as over sand and rubble areas in lagoons and in reefs. The juveniles prefer seagrass beds and then as they grow they begin to live in reefs. They are found as deep as 30 m (98 ft). [9]

Biology

Lethrinus obsoletus preys mainly on crustaceans, molluscs and echinoderms. [3] It is a protogynous hermaphrodite, [9] and in Palau spawning takes place between November and April with spawning happening monthly, on the last 5 days of the lunar month. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lethrinidae</span> Family of fishes

Lethrinidae are a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes commonly known as emperors, emperor breams, and pigface breams.

<i>Lethrinus miniatus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus miniatus, the trumpet emperor, redthroat emperor, sweetlip emperor, Sweetlip Swoose, island snapper, yellowmouth perch, yellowmouth snapper, lipper or nannygal, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found the eastern Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus laticaudis</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus laticaudis, the grass emperor, blue-lined emperor, blue-spotted emperor, brown kelp-fish, brown morwong, brown sweetlip, coral bream, grass sweetlip, grey sweetlip, piggy, red throat, red-finned emperor, snapper bream, squire, sweet-lips or tricky snapper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish is found in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

<i>Monotaxis grandoculis</i> Species of fish

Monotaxis grandoculis, the humpnose big-eye bream, bigeye barenose, bigeye bream, bigeye emperor, grand-eyed porgy fish, humpnose sea-bream, large-eye bream,mu and roundtooth large-eye bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Indian and Pacific Ocean.

<i>Monotaxis</i> (fish) Genus of fishes

Monotaxis is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. The fishes in this genus are found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

<i>Gnathodentex</i> Genus of fishes

Gnathodentex is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. It is a monotypic genus, containing a single species, the goldspot seabream, also known as the striped large-eye bream. This taxon has a wide distribution in Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Gymnocranius</i> Genus of fishes

Gymnocranius is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. These fishes are found in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus</i> Genus of fishes

Lethrinus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. These fishes are mostly found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, with a single species in the eastern Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus olivaceus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus olivaceus, common name longface emperor or long-nosed emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors or emperor breams. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus atkinsoni</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus atkinsoni, the Pacific yellowtail emperor,, Atkinson's emperor, reticulated emperor, tricky snapper, Tuamotu emperor, yellow morwong or yellow-tailed emperor is a species of marine ray-finned fish benomging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperor breams and emperors. This fish is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus erythracanthus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus erythracanthus, the orange-spotted emperor, orangefin emperor, and yellow-spotted emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus harak</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus harak, the thumbprint emperorblackblotch emperor or blackspot emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the Family Lethrinidae. the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus mahsena</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus mahsena, common names the sky emperor, mahsena emperor, and cutthroat emperor, is a species of emperor fish. It grows to 65 cm (26 in) in length, but is commonly found at between 35 and 45 cm. This fish may be yellow to greenish-blue or olive-grey, becoming paler toward the belly. It is a non-migratory, reef-associated fish that has a high commercial value.

<i>Lethrinus microdon</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus microdon, the smalltooth emperor, longface emperor or pigface bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species has a widespread distribution in the Indo-Pacific.

<i>Lethrinus nebulosus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus nebulosus, the spangled emperor, green snapper, morwong, north-west snapper, sand bream, sand snapper, sixteen-pounder, sharie, sheri and yellow sweetlip, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found the Indo-West Pacific region.

<i>Lethrinus atlanticus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus atlanticus, the Atlantic emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off the coast of western Africa.

<i>Lethrinus crocineus</i> Species of marine fish

Lethrinus crocineus, the yellowtail emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus variegatus</i> Species of marine fish

Lethrinus variegatus, the slender emperor or variegated emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This fish has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution.

<i>Lethrinus amboinensis</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus amboinensis, the Ambon emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperors and emperor breams. This species is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

<i>Lethrinus borbonicus</i> Species of fish

Lethrinus borbonicus, the snubnose emperor, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Lethrinidae, the emperor breams and emperors. This species is found in the Western Indian Ocean and is of some importance to commercial fisheries in that region.

References

  1. 1 2 Carpenter, K.E.; Lawrence, A.; Myers, R. (2016). "Lethrinus obsoletus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T16720267A16722420. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T16720267A16722420.en . Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  2. ↑ Nicolas Bailly (2008). "Lethrinus obsoletus (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Lethrinus obsoletus" in FishBase. October 2023 version.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lethrinus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 16 December 2023.
  5. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  6. ↑ "Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  7. 1 2 Kent E. Carpenter; Gerald R. Allen (1989). Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (Family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date (PDF). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. FAO, Rome. pp. 77–78.
  8. 1 2 Kent E. Carpenter (2022). "Family Lethrinidae". In Phillip C Heemstra; Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; John E Randall (eds.). Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean (PDF). Vol. 3. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 316–327. ISBN   978-1-990951-32-9.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Lethrinus obsoletus". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
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