List of Chinese Bible translations

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This is a list of Bible translations into Chinese.

Bible translations into Chinese began with translations made by the Church of the East under the Tang dynasty into Old Chinese. However, no surviving manuscripts exist, and the only surviving evidence of this is the Nestorian Stele.

Contents

The next instance of Bible translations into Chinese languages subsists in unpublished manuscripts by individual Roman Catholic priests in the sixteenth century and individual Protestant missionaries in the early nineteenth century. The first complete translation to be published was that of Joshua Marshman in 1813, followed by that of Robert Morrison in 1823. A group of Protestant missionaries in Hong Kong in 1843 started a collaborative translation. The New Testament of their so-called "Delegates Version" was published in 1850 and the Old Testament in 1853. A translation of the Old Testament by Karl Gutzlaff, first published in 1840, was widely distributed and was used by the leaders of the Taiping Rebellion as the basis of their theological study.

The second half of the century saw the publication of Chinese Bibles in regional languages using romanization rather than Chinese characters, the first works printed in the regional languages. The Classical Chinese of the Delegates Version could not be understood when read aloud, and towards the end of the century the national missionary body started a revision which used vernacular Chinese. The resulting Union Version, published in 1919, became the standard translation for Protestants and was adapted and published in different forms, including Braille. A Chinese New Version was published in 1992 and a Revised Chinese Union Version in the early twenty-first century.

The Studium Biblicum Version, now the standard Chinese Bible for Catholics, was started in the 1930s and published in 1968. Starting in the 1850s, there have been three Russian Orthodox translations.

Classical Chinese

The following lists translations in Classical Chinese:

Mandarin Chinese

The following lists translations in the Northern Mandarin, Southern Mandarin, Western Mandarin and Hankou dialects of Mandarin Chinese:

Northern Mandarin

Southern Mandarin

Western Mandarin

Hankou dialect

Wu Chinese

The following lists translations in the Suzhou, Shanghai, Ningbo, Hangzhou, Jinhua, Wenzhou, and Taizhou (Zhejiang) dialects of Wu Chinese:

Bible in Soochowese Suzhou dialect Romanised (Gospel of Mark), published by the American Bible Society SoochowBible1.JPG
Bible in Soochowese Suzhou dialect Romanised (Gospel of Mark), published by the American Bible Society

Suzhou dialect

Shanghai dialect

Bible in Shanghainese Romanised (Gospel of Mark), published by the American Bible Society ShanghaiBible1.JPG
Bible in Shanghainese Romanised (Gospel of Mark), published by the American Bible Society

Character colloquial versions

Romanized vernacular versions

Ningbo dialect

Bible in Ningpo (Ningbo) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society Ningpo.gif
Bible in Ningpo (Ningbo) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society

Romanized vernacular versions

Hangzhou dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Jinhua dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Wenzhou dialect

Taizhou dialect

Bible in Taichow (Taizhou) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society TaichowBible.gif
Bible in Taichow (Taizhou) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society

Romanized vernacular versions

Northern Min

The following lists translations in the Jian'ou and Jianyang dialects of Northern Min:

Bible in Jian'ou Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society JianningBible1.gif
Bible in Jian'ou Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society

Jian'ou dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Jianyang dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Eastern Min

The following lists translations in the Fuzhou dialect of Eastern Min:

Fuzhou dialect

Character colloquial versions

Romanized vernacular versions

Southern Min

The following lists translations in the Amoy, Shantou, Teochew, and Hainan Junjiahua dialects of Southern Min:

Amoy dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Shantou dialect

Character colloquial versions

Romanized vernacular versions

Teochew dialect

Bible in Teochew Romanised (First Book of Samuel), published for the British and Foreign Bible Society Teochew Bible1.jpg
Bible in Teochew Romanised (First Book of Samuel), published for the British and Foreign Bible Society

Romanized vernacular versions

Hainan Junjiahua

Bible in Hainan Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society HainanBible1.gif
Bible in Hainan Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society

Romanized vernacular versions

Xinghua (Puxian) Min

The following lists translations in Xinghua (Puxian) Min:

Bible in Hinhwa (Xinghua) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society HinghwaBible1.gif
Bible in Hinhwa (Xinghua) Romanised (Genesis), published by the British and Foreign Bible Society

Romanized vernacular versions

Gan Chinese

The following lists translations in the Shaowu and Jianning dialects of Gan Chinese:

Shaowu dialect

Romanized vernacular versions

Jianning dialect

Hakka

The following lists translations in the Tingzhou, Wujingfu Hakka, Swatow Hakka, and Taiwan Siyen Hakka dialects:

Character colloquial versions

Romanized vernacular versions

Tingzhou dialect

Wujingfu Hakka dialect (五经富)

Swatow Hakka dialect

Taiwan Siyen Hakka dialect

Yue Chinese (Cantonese)

The following lists translations in the Guangzhou, Lianzhou, and Yangcheng dialects of Yue Chinese:

Guangzhou dialect (Cantonese)

Translations into Cantonese include:

Character colloquial versions

Romanized vernacular versions

Lianzhou dialect

Yangcheng dialect

Notable translations

Chinese Bible used by the Filipino-Chinese Anglican Community in Saint Stephen's Pro-Cathedral under the Episcopal Church in the Philippines Chinese Bible used by a Filipino-Chinese Anglican Community.jpg
Chinese Bible used by the Filipino-Chinese Anglican Community in Saint Stephen's Pro-Cathedral under the Episcopal Church in the Philippines

Notes

  1. An Encyclopaedia of Translation, David E. Pollard, p.67
  2. Chaò-chî Yi-sû Chī-tuh Sang Iah Sing Shī: Sz̀ fuh-iang tà sź-du ae-djüe fa üe-tsiu t'û. Dà-ìang sing-shï whaỳi yiáng-ge. 1894.
  3. Ngô-he kyiu-cü yia-su kyi-toh-keh sing-iah shü: Te-tsiu tuwa; di-nyi-tʻao ing (in Chinese). Da-ing Peng-koh teh nga-koh sing-shü we. 1897.
  4. 《圣经》方言译本书目考录
  5. "珍本聖經數位典藏". fhl.net. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  6. Séng Gĭng: Sĭng Gô Iók ciòng cṳ̆: Enǵ gi. Heḱ-Ciŭ Tū-Kiŏng: Dâi-Ĭng Lièng Nguôi-Guók Séng-Cṳ̆ Huôi. 1908 via Hathi Trust.
  7. 'Kiʻu-tsʻu iâ-sou ki-tok kâi sin-ieh tshuân-tsu chien-kʻng Mʻa-thʻai k̈ʻau Sʻai-thû.'. Tãi Eng-kok lãi gūa Siàn-tsṳ-hũe Ìn. 1892.
  8. "本土聖經". www.biblesociety-tw.org. Archived from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  9. Testamentum Novum, Sinice (in Chinese). 1813.
  10. "Orthodox/New Testament - 耶穌台灣". jesus.tw. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  11. "Orthodox/Psalter - 耶穌台灣". jesus.tw. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  12. "New Testament - 耶穌台灣". jesus.tw. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  13. "Psalms - 耶穌台灣". jesus.tw. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  14. "Chinese Contemporary Bible". Biblica. Archived from the original on 2011-01-22. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  15. "Chinese Standard Bible (CSB): A New Chinese Bible Translation from Asia Bible Society". Chinese Standard Bible. 2012-08-31. Archived from the original on 2012-08-31. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  16. The New Testament in English and Mandarin. Tokyo: Fukuin. 1904.
  17. American Bible Society (1885). The New Testament in English and Mandarin. Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press.

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References