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Politics of India works within the framework of the country's Constitution. India is a parliamentary secular democratic republic in which the president of India is the head of state & first citizen of India and the Prime Minister of India is the head of government. It is based on the federal structure of government, although the word is not used in the Constitution itself. India follows the dual polity system, i.e. federal in nature, that consists of the central authority at the centre and states at the periphery. The Constitution defines the organizational powers and limitations of both central and state governments; it is well recognised, fluid and considered supreme, i.e. the laws of the nation must conform to it. India is officially declared a secular and socialist state as per the Constitution.
Rajya Sabha elections were held in India in 2015 to elect eight members of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. Five by-elections were also held. The regular elections were held to fill seats in the States of Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, and the Union Territory of Pondicherry.
Elections were held in India on 21 July and 8 August 2017 as nomination contests by state legislators routinely for ten members of the Rajya Sabha across three states, replacing those who retired in July and August 2017. The State Legislatures which contribute in this six-year minor elections/nomination cycle are Goa, Gujarat and West Bengal. The mechanism is the single transferable vote (STV) among legislators, meaning nominations may be unopposed contests. The open ballot is used rather than secret ballot, allowing public scrutiny.
Rajya Sabha elections were held on three dates in 2014, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. The elections were held in February, June, and November to elect respectively 55, 6, and 11 of its 245 members, from 16 of the States. They are held by an open ballot on a single transferable vote (STV) basis among State legislators. Being even-numbered, 2014 was a year in which about 30% of the State Legislature-elected 233-seat component of the body is elected.
Elections in the Republic of India in 2018 included by-elections to the Lok Sabha, elections to the Rajya Sabha, elections to of eight states and numerous other by-elections to state legislative assemblies, councils and local bodies.
Minor Rajya Sabha elections were held in 2013, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber also known as the Council of States. Routine elections were held in May and June among proportionately qualifying legislators to elect (nominate) two members from Assam and six from Tamil Nadu, to the 245-member body.
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 2011, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. The elections were held on 22 July to elect respectively 1 member from Goa, 3 members from Gujarat and 6 members from West Bengal for the Council of States, the Rajya Sabha.
Rajya Sabha elections were held in 2018 to elect the 65 retiring members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. There were, as routine, three such elections held among relevant State and Union Territory legislators by single transferable vote (STV) and Open Ballot: on 16 January to elect 3 members from Delhi and 1 member from Sikkim; on 23 March to elect 58 members from 16 States; and lastly on 21 June to elect 3 members from Kerala. Being even-numbered, 2018 was a year in which about 30% of the State Legislature-elected 233-seat component of the body is elected. The other 12 seats of the body are appointed by the President.
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 2010, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. The elections were held to elect respectively 13 members from 6 states, 49 members from 12 states, six members from Andhra Pradesh and two members from Haryana for the Council of States, the Rajya Sabha.
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 2008, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. The elections were held to elect respectively 55 members from 15 states, four members from Karnataka and one member from Mizoram and Aruncahl Pradesh, and 11 members from two states for the Council of States, the Rajya Sabha.
Rajya Sabha elections were held in 2000, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. The elections were held to elect respectively 3 seats from Delhi and 1 seat from Sikkim, 58 members from 15 states and 3 members from Kerala for the Council of States, the Rajya Sabha.
Rajya Sabha elections were held on various dates in 2001, to elect members of the Rajya Sabha, Indian Parliament's upper chamber. 2 members from Assam and 6 members from Tamil Nadu were elected to Rajya Sabha.
References
- ↑ "Composition of Rajya Sabha - Rajya Sabha At Work" (PDF). rajyasabha.nic.in. Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
- ↑ "Statewise List". 164.100.47.5. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
- ↑ "Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha from Assam". IndiaToday. 27 September 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- 1 2 "Biennial elections and bye- elections to the Council of States (Rajya Sabha)" (PDF). Election Commission of India, New Delhi. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
- ↑ "Biennial elections to the Council of States to fill the Seats of members retiring in April, 2004" (PDF). Election Commission of India, New Delhi. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
- ↑ "Congress MP Sanjay Sinh quits Rajya Sabha and party to join BJP, blames zero leadership". India Today. 30 July 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
- ↑ ""It's Suicide": Congress Loses Chief Whip Over Article 370 Stand". NDTV. 5 August 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
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