Teacher's Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community tone in education. This is the primary reason why countries celebrate this day on different dates, unlike many other International Days. For example, Argentina has commemorated Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's death on 11 September as Teachers' Day since 1915.[1] In India, the birthday of the second president Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, 5 September, is celebrated as Teacher's Day since 1962.[2]
Schools do not have a holiday, but students and teachers gather to celebrate at schools with special traditional food, cookies, music and presents for the teachers.
In memory of Domingo F. Sarmiento (15 February 1811 – 11 September 1888), the second president of Argentina.[9] Sarmiento made primary education compulsory, established 800 educational and military institutions including teachers' schools, founded public libraries, developed infrastructure and fostered immigration. Inspired by Horace Mann, whom he befriended, brought 32 American teachers to Argentina to develop the American model of universal education. The 1943 Interamerican Conference on Education, held in Panama, established September 11 as Panamerican Teacher's Day.
Armenia previously celebrated Teacher's Day on the first Sunday of October. Under a parliamentary decision [when?] to amend the law on the Republic of Armenia Holidays and Commemoration Days, the holiday was shifted to 5 October, which coincides with World Teachers' Day.[10]
On Australia's celebration of Teachers' Day, the NEiTA Foundation and the Australian Scholarships Group (ASG) announce the national teaching recipients of the ASG Community Merit Awards. If the last Friday of the month falls on October 31, coinciding with Halloween, the celebration is postponed to 7 November.
The date is an homage to the birth date of Modesto Omiste (June 6, 1840) who was concerned about the education system in Bolivia, advocating the right to free public primary education. As councilman, he created the first public schools in the country, one for boys and one for girls.
Commemorating Emperor of Brazil Pedro I's decree of 15 October 1827 that regulated elementary schools in Brazil. The celebration gained popularity throughout the country, and October 15 was officially designated Teachers' Day in 1963.[14]
Commemorating the birth date of the 28th ruler of Brunei, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, who amongst other things emphasized the importance of education to his subjects by introducing a policy of 'free' education whereby the citizens are charged very nominal fees for attending schools. This policy has been continued and extended by the current (29th) ruler.
Bulgarians celebrate Teachers Day on May 24, in commemoration of Saints Cyril and Methodius, who are credited with devising the Glagolitic alphabet. Additionally, November 1 is a Bulgarian holiday dedicated to educators and scholars who have built and preserved the spiritual values and cultural identity of Bulgaria. On 29 September 2006, the date of October 5 was recognized as Teacher's Day by the government.[15]
On 5 October 2010, teachers in Cameroon joined their peers worldwide to celebrate the 17th World Teachers Day. With the theme "Nation building passes through teachers", the day served as an opportunity to pay homage to teachers who toil, sometimes under not-so-comfortable conditions, to build the capacities of human resources for the socio-economic development of the country. Commemorative activities in Yaounde began on 29 September with educative talks at the Lycée Général Leclerc, and were rounded off on World Teachers Day at the Wada multi-purpose sports complex.
On October 5, the Canadian Teachers' Federation and its member organizations across the country celebrate World Teachers' Day through a public awareness campaign that highlights the contributions of the teaching profession.
In 1967, September 11 was selected as Día del Maestro ('Teacher's Day'). The date was moved to December 10 in 1975, because on that day in 1945, the Chilean poet Gabriela Mistral received the Nobel Prize. In 1977, the date was renamed to Día del Profesor (also 'Teacher's Day') and was moved again, to October 16, to honour the founding of the Colegio de Profesores de Chile (Teachers' Association of Chile).[16]
The Chinese government first proclaimed Teachers' Day in 1985, but has never clearly explained why it should fall on 10 September. Some believe it is due to the similar pronunciation between the word "teacher" (教师; jiao shi) and the two digits 9 (九; jiu), 10 (十; shi) in the date. Some people believe it was an arbitrary choice and have proposed to change it to 28 September, believed to be the birthdate of Confucius. On 5 September 2013, the State Council announced a legislative draft endorsing the change.[17]
In China, there are some activities for students to show their appreciation to teachers, such as presenting gifts, including cards and flowers. In addition, many former students will go back to their old primary schools, middle schools and high schools to give presents to their old teachers.[18]
This day marks the appointment of San Juan Bautista de la Salle as the patron of teachers. In 1950, Pope Pius XII granted his approval of La Salle as patron of teachers for championing the causes of modern education. The holy founder understood the education of children as the obligation of all. Usually the schools of his time (1651–1719) only accepted young people studying towards politics or diplomacy. Juan Bautista outlined the principles of free and universal education. That same year in Colombia, the President of the Republic declared that date as Teachers' Day.
The birthday of John Amos Comenius. Czech students nominate their most motivative and inspiring teachers to the Zlatý Ámos (Golden Amos) competition. The coronation of "Golden Amos" takes place yearly on 28 March.[19][20]
Guru Purnima is an Indian and Nepalese festival dedicated to spiritual and academic teachers. This festival is traditionally celebrated by Hindus, Jains and Buddhists, to pay their respects to their teachers and express their gratitude. The festival is celebrated on the full moon day (Purnima) in the Hindu month of Ashadha (June–July) in the Hindu calendar of India and Nepal.[23] This day marks the first peak of the lunar cycle after the peak of the solar cycle. The celebration is marked by ritualistic respect to the Guru, Guru Puja.[24]
The birth date of the second President of India, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, 5 September 1888, has been celebrated as Teacher's Day since 1962. On this day, teachers and students report to school as usual but the usual activities and classes are replaced by activities of celebration, thanks and remembrance. In some schools, senior students take the responsibility of teaching in order to show their appreciation for the teachers.
Teacher's Day was celebrated as "Abhar Diwas" in 2021.[25]
National Teachers' Day is commemorated on the same day as the formation of the Indonesian Teachers' Association, the PGRI. National Teachers' Day is not a holiday, but it is celebrated by having a ceremonial activity in recognition of certain teachers, headmasters and other school staff.[26]
In memory of Abo-al-Hasan Khan-Ali before the Iranian revolution and after that reassigned the same day in memory of Morteza Motahhari (31 January 1919 – 2 May 1979). On this day schools won't have a holiday, but students and teachers gather to celebrate at schools with presents for the teachers.
Teachers' Day is normally celebrated on 7 May or the first Wednesday in May.[27] In celebration of Teachers' Day, it is common for students and parents to bring teachers gifts. Most schools close early.
Between 1965 and 1994, it was celebrated on the first Sunday of October. Since 1994, it has been celebrated on 5 October to coincide with the World Teachers' Day. Classes are mostly shortened or cancelled, while students or workers run classes about career and so on. Teachers are mostly greeted with flowers.
On this day in 1956, the Federal Legislative Council of the Federation of Malaya endorsed the Razak Report, one of four reports of the Education Committee regarding education in Malaysia. The Razak Report, named after Tun Abdul Razak who was Education Minister at the time, has been the basis of education in Malaysia ever since. Although it is not an official school holiday, celebrations are usually held on 16 May, or earlier if it falls on a Saturday or Sunday.
On 15 May (known as "Día del Maestro") schools in Mexico are supposed to stop normal activities and organize cultural events that promote the importance and dignity of the teachers' role in society.[citation needed] In reality some schools operate as usual and others take the day off. The first Teacher's Day was celebrated on 15 May 1918. The date of 15 May was proposed at the Mexican Congress on 27 September 1917, approved on 29 October 1917 and published on 5 December 1917.
There are several possible origins for choosing this date. The first one mentions that in the city of San Luis Potosí every 15 May, a group of students gathered to celebrate the birthday of their old teacher Isidore, named after Saint Isidore the Laborer, following the Mexican tradition of naming children according to the Saint celebrated the day they were born. The second origin considers the celebration of a historic event in the city of Querétaro on 15 May 1867.[29]
Between 1965 and 1994, the day was celebrated on the first Sunday of October. Since 1994, it takes place on 5 October, coinciding with World Teachers' Day. Before this, at schools across the country, Teachers' Day was (and sometimes still is) celebrated the first Friday with concerts and gatherings. At some schools exists tradition with organising pupils of senior classes to conduct lesson for minors.
The full moon day is also called Ashad sukla purnima; the date usually falls in mid-July. Teacher's Day is called "Guru Purnima" in Nepali, where "Guru" means teacher and "Purnima" means "Full Moon".
To commemorate the birth date of Manuel José Hurtado, who is known as the father of Panamanian education because of his promotion of modern universal education through the establishment of the first public schools and teachers' colleges in what is now known as Panama — then part of Colombia – aiming to break the vicious cycle of ignorance and poverty that afflicted the vast majority of the population. He went on to be named Director-General of Public Instruction of the State of the Isthmus.[32]
Papua New Guinea celebrates both National Teachers' Day and World Teachers' Day on this same day. Each school under the National Department of Education (NDOE) and higher institutions of learning and universities under the Department of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology (DHERST) celebrates the occasion by staging programs and activities dedicated to the teachers. Children and adults are actively involved in acknowledging the teachers contribution to their well being and intellectual development and growth.[citation needed]
By virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 242, s. 2011,[35] the National Teacher's Month is celebrated from September 5 through October 5, on World Teachers' Day.
Before 2011, Teachers' Day was celebrated in schools between the months of September and October (mainly elementary and secondary levels). Teachers are presented with orchid corsages by students. Groups of students representing various grade levels perform short skits or song and dance numbers, or read poetry for their teachers in front of fellow schoolmates in school-wide activities. These activities are planned by senior students in the Student Council who coordinate the activities well in advance. For Chinese Filipino schools, a program is usually organized by students for teachers on 27 September while 28 September, considered as the actual Teachers' Day, is a school holiday where both teachers and students are allowed to rest. 28 September was selected as it is thought to be the birthdate of Confucius.
This day is the anniversary of the creation of the Commission of National Education, created in 1773 through the initiative of King Stanisław August Poniatowski. Normally, flowers and sweets will be given to teachers by kids. School play and activities can be also scheduled by student body.
In 2016, it was celebrated on 20 May.[36] Usually, it is the Friday before Mother's Day. In some cases, it has been celebrated on the first Friday of May.[37]
Between 1965 and 1994, the first Sunday of October, since 1994, 5 October, coinciding with World Teachers' Day. Before this, at schools across the country, Teachers' Day was (and sometimes still is) celebrated the first Friday with concerts and gatherings. At some schools exists tradition with organising pupils of senior classes to conduct lesson for minors.
An official school holiday. Celebrations are normally conducted the day before, where students usually get half a day off. In Secondary schools and Junior Colleges, students are allowed to go back to their Primary and Secondary school respectively. In some schools, students will put on performances to entertain and honour their teachers. Traditionally, Teacher's Day was designated on September 1 of every year. From 2011, it has been designated on the first Friday of September, to coincide with the upcoming September school holidays (one week) so that students and teachers can enjoy an extended school holidays. In 2023, the Ministry of Education announced on 11 August that Teacher's Day had been rescheduled from 1 September to 11 September due to the 2023 Singapore Presidential Election Polling Day, which was designated to be a public holiday.[39]
Originally it was started by a group of Red Cross youth team members who visited their sick ex-teachers in hospitals. Originally its date was 26 May. But since 1965, its date has been 15 May, Sejong the Great's birthday.[40] The national celebration ceremony was stopped between 1973 and 1982, but it resumed after that.[41] In 1982, it was revived again to create a climate that honors its mentor.[41] On the day, teachers are usually presented with carnations by their students and ex-students. It is illegal to present carnations to public school teachers under the anti-graft law.[42]
The president of South Sudan proclaimed Teacher's Day for 1 December, one month before the country's first Teacher's Day. On 1 September, one month before the country's third Teacher's Day, it was publicly announced that they changed the date to 1 October.[citation needed]
The Republic of China on Taiwan uses this day to honor teachers' contributions to their own students and to society in general. People often make use of the day to express their gratitude to their teachers, such as paying them a visit or sending them a card. This date was chosen to commemorate the birth of Confucius, believed to be the model master educator. In 1939, the Ministry of Education established the national holiday as 27 August, the attributed birthday of Confucius.[citation needed]
In 1952, the Executive Yuan changed it to September, stating that it was calculated to be the precise date in the Gregorian calendar. The festival celebration occurs in the temples of Confucius around the island, known as the "Grand Ceremony Dedicated to Confucius" (祭孔大典). The ceremony begins at 6am with drum beats. 54 musicians are dressed in robes with blue belts, and 36 (or 64) dancers dressed in yellow with green belts. They are led by Confucius' chief descendant (currently Kung Tsui-chang) and followed by ceremonial officers. Three animals are sacrificed: a cow, a goat, and a pig. The hairs plucked from these sacrificed animals are called the Hairs of Wisdom. In addition, local education institutes and civil offices award certain teachers for their excellence and positive influence.[citation needed]
Adopted as Teachers' Day, in spoken Thai language "Wan Kru", by a resolution of the government on 21 November 1956. The first Teachers' Day was held in 1957. 16 January marks the enactment of the Teachers Act, Buddhist Era 2488 (1945), which was published in the Government Gazette on 16 January 1945, and came into force 60 days later. Most Thai schools close for the day to give their teachers a break during the long second term. Many international schools do not, although they may hold celebrations to honour their teaching staff. The celebrations usually include giving small jasmine floral wreaths to their teachers and doing performances for teachers. This is an important holiday for Thais as teachers are held in high regard in Thailand. Most celebrations are at the schools and there are very few public or official commemorations.[citation needed]
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk stated that "The new generation will be created by teachers" and as founding President adopted a new alphabet for the newly founded Turkish Republic in 1923. On 24 November 1928, Mustafa Kemal officially accepted the title of head teacher of the nation's schools, granted by the cabinet of ministers.
At schools across the country, Teachers' Day is celebrated the Friday before the holiday with concerts and gatherings, while students usually give their teachers gifts such as flowers and sweets. At some schools exists tradition with organising pupils of senior classes to conduct lesson for minors. The ceremony of issuing the appreciation certificates may be conducted for notable teachers.[45]
National Thank a Teacher Day is an annual call-to-action to reach out to those who shape our schools, communities and country. It is all about appreciating the hard work of every single member of staff in early years, schools and colleges across the UK.
Everyone in the UK is encouraged to recognise the impact that the education community has in shaping the minds and futures of our young people on National Thank a Teacher Day.
National Teacher Day in the US takes place on the Tuesday of Teacher Appreciation Week, which takes place in the first full week of May.
The National Education Association (NEA) describes National Teacher Day as "a day for honoring teachers and recognizing the lasting contributions they make to our lives".[46]
According to the NEA's history of National Teacher Day,[46] the origins of the day are murky. Around 1944, a Wisconsin teacher named Ryan Krug began corresponding with political and education leaders about the need for a national day to honor teachers. Mattie Whyte Woodridge (1909-1999), an educator from Helena, Arkansas, wrote to Eleanor Roosevelt, who in 1953 persuaded the 81st Congress to proclaim a National Teacher Day. The NEA along with its Kansas and Indiana state affiliates and the Dodge City, Kansas local NEA branch lobbied Congress to create a national day celebrating teachers. Congress declared 7 March 1980 as National Teacher Day for that year only. The NEA and its affiliates continued to observe Teacher Day on the first Tuesday in March until 1985, when the National PTA established Teacher Appreciation Week in the first full week of May. The NEA Representative Assembly then voted to make the Tuesday of that week National Teacher Day. As of 4 November 1976, 6 November was adopted as Teachers' Day in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Currently, Massachusetts sets the first Sunday of June as its own Teachers' Day annually.[citation needed]
Uzbekistan is one of the countries where Teachers' Day is on 1 October, and there is a day off throughout the country. Teachers' Day has been celebrated here since 1997.
Vietnam Teachers' Day (or Vietnamese Teachers' Charter Day) is a memorial day celebrated annually on November 20. On this day, students often come to give flowers and gifts to teachers. The education sector also usually takes this opportunity to re-evaluate educational activities and set directions to improve the quality of education.
The holiday has its origins in a meeting between educators in communist bloc nations in Warsaw in 1957. This day was first celebrated in 1958 throughout North Vietnam as the Day of the International Manifest of Educators; in 1982 the day was renamed Vietnamese Educators' Day.[47]
A day for homeschool teacher appreciation has been suggested,[48] which several homeschooling groups subsequently organized.[49] A United States "parents as teachers day" has existed on 8 November since the 1970s.[50] While this initially focussed on the role of parents in early-childhood learning, some homeschoolers use it to acknowledge the primacy of the parental role in education.[51]
Arbor Day is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, depending on climate and suitable planting season.
Homeschooling or home schooling, also known as home education or elective home education (EHE), is the education of school-aged children at home or a variety of places other than a school. Usually conducted by a parent, tutor, or online teacher, many homeschool families use less formal, more personalized and individualized methods of learning that are not always found in schools. The actual practice of homeschooling varies considerably. The spectrum ranges from highly structured forms based on traditional school lessons to more open, free forms such as unschooling, which is a lesson- and curriculum-free implementation of homeschooling. Some families who initially attended a school go through a deschool phase to break away from school habits and prepare for homeschooling. While "homeschooling" is the term commonly used in North America, "home education" is primarily used in Europe and many Commonwealth countries. Homeschooling should not be confused with distance education, which generally refers to the arrangement where the student is educated by and conforms to the requirements of an online school, rather than being educated independently and unrestrictedly by their parents or by themselves.
Labour Day is an annual holiday to celebrate the achievements of workers. Labour Day has its origins in the labour union movement, specifically the eight-hour day movement, which advocated eight hours for work, eight hours for recreation, and eight hours for rest.
October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans. In Ancient Rome, one of three Mundus patet would take place on October 5, Meditrinalia October 11, Augustalia on October 12, October Horse on October 15, and Armilustrium on October 19. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar. Among the Anglo-Saxons, it was known as Winterfylleth (Ƿinterfylleþ), because at this full moon, winter was supposed to begin.
Tori Amos is an American singer-songwriter and pianist. She is a classically trained musician with a mezzo-soprano vocal range. Having already begun composing instrumental pieces on piano, Amos won a full scholarship to the Peabody Institute at Johns Hopkins University at the age of five, the youngest person ever to have been admitted. She had to leave at the age of eleven when her scholarship was discontinued for what Rolling Stone described as "musical insubordination". Amos was the lead singer of the short-lived 1980s pop group Y Kant Tori Read before achieving her breakthrough as a solo artist in the early 1990s. Her songs focus on a broad range of topics, including sexuality, feminism, politics, and religion.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was an Indian politician, philosopher and statesman who served as the second president of India from 1962 to 1967. He previously served as the first vice president of India from 1952 to 1962. He was the second ambassador of India to the Soviet Union from 1949 to 1952. He was also the fourth vice-chancellor of Banaras Hindu University from 1939 to 1948 and the second vice-chancellor of Andhra University from 1931 to 1936. Radhakrishnan is considered one of the most influential and distinguished 20th century scholars of comparative religion and philosophy, he held the King George V Chair of Mental and Moral Science at the University of Calcutta from 1921 to 1932 and Spalding Chair of Eastern Religion and Ethics at University of Oxford from 1936 to 1952.
Father's Day is a holiday honoring one's father, or relevant father figure, as well as fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic countries of Europe, it has been celebrated on 19 March as Saint Joseph's Day since the Middle Ages. In the United States, Father's Day was founded in the state of Washington, United States, by Sonora Smart Dodd in 1910.
Columbus Day is a national holiday in many countries of the Americas and elsewhere, and a federal holiday in the United States, which officially celebrates the anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the Americas. Columbus went ashore at Guanahaní, an island in the Bahamas, on October 12, 1492. On his return in 1493, Columbus moved his coastal base of operations 70 miles east to the island of Hispaniola, what is now the Dominican Republic and established the settlement of La Isabela, the first permanent Spanish settlement in the Americas.
Children's Day is a commemorative date celebrated annually in honor of children, whose date of observance varies by country. In 1925, International Children's Day was first proclaimed in Geneva during the World Conference on Child Welfare. Since 1950, it is celebrated on June 1 in many Second World countries. World Children's Day is celebrated on 20 November to commemorate the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly on 20 November 1959. In some countries, it is Children's Week and not Children's Day. The Sikhs celebrate Children Day on 20 December to 27 December. In the U.S., Children's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of June.
Several nations observe or have observed a Navy Day to recognize their navy.
An Armed Forces Day, alongside its branch-specific variants often referred to as Army or Soldier's Day, Navy or Sailor's Day, and Air Force or Aviator's Day, is a holiday dedicated to honoring the armed forces, or one of their branches, of a sovereign state, including their personnel, history, achievements, and perceived sacrifices. It's often patriotic or nationalistic in nature, carrying propaganda value outside of the conventional boundaries of a military's subculture and into the wider civilian society. Many nations around the world observe this day. It's usually distinct from a Veterans or Memorial Day.
A flag day is a flag-related holiday, a day designated for flying a certain flag or a day set aside to celebrate a historical event such as a nation's adoption of its flag.
Homeschooling constitutes the education of about 3.4% of U.S. students as of 2012. The number of homeschoolers in the United States has increased significantly over the past few decades since the end of the 20th century. In the United States, the Supreme Court has ruled that parents have a fundamental right to direct the education of their children. The right to homeschool is not frequently questioned in court, but the amount of state regulation and help that can or should be expected continues to be subject to legal debate.
The Alcides Figueroa Bilingual School is a bilingual, magnet secondary school located in Añasco, Puerto Rico. Alcides is run by the Puerto Rico Department of Education and falls under its Specialized Schools Unit.
The Puerto Rico Department of Education is one of two jurisdiction-wide public education system in the United States, with Hawaii being the other. The PRDOE is the state education agency in charge of managing public schools in Puerto Rico as well as the island's education system and curricula. The department, headquartered in Hato Rey, San Juan, is the result of a United States state department of education. It is also the largest agency of the executive branch of Puerto Rico, with, as of 2019, an annual budget of more than $3.5 billion USD and over 72,000 staff—including more than 41,000 teachers, and as of 2020 the department is the third-largest school district in the United States by enrollment, with over 276,413 students and 857 schools.
Luis Szarán is a Paraguayan musician, orchestra director, composer and musical researcher; since 2002, founder and director of the social and community integration program "Sounds of the Earth", which created the school of music where began the Recycled Orchestra of Cateura.
The Sanatan Sanstha is a Hindu organization seeking Hindu nationalism in India. It is a non-government charitable trust founded in 1999 by hypnotherapist Dr Jayant Balaji Athavale. It is headquartered in Ramathi, Goa.
University Gardens High School, formally University Gardens Community School Specialized in Science and Mathematics, is a secondary magnet school located in Hato Rey Sur, San Juan, Puerto Rico. University Gardens is run by the Puerto Rico Department of Education and is overseen by its Specialized Schools Unit.
Reela Hota is an Odissi dance performer, educator and producer, who has several performances to her credit. Daughter of Yoga Guru, Bijoylaxmi Hota and former bureaucrat Purna Chandra Hota, Reela was exposed to dance, yoga & ashram life since childhood. Having trained under the 3 doyens of Odissi dance, Guru Gangadhar Pradhan, Srimati Madhavi Mudgal and Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra, she inculcated perfect rhythm, sophistication, grace and presentation skills. A trend setter, Reela Hota pioneered in making Indian spiritual philosophy such as Yoga, Kundalini and Sanskrit the theme of her performances and is credited for adding a new dimension to Odissi Dance - the spiritual aspect.
Premada Kanike is a 1976 Indian Kannada-language romantic thriller film directed by V. Somashekhar and written by the duo Salim–Javed. It was produced by Jayadevi under the banner of Jayadevi films. The film starred Rajkumar, Aarathi and Jayamala in lead roles with Vajramuni and Rajashankar in supporting roles. The plot follows a teacher hired by rich man to homeschool his daughter. En route by train, she witnesses a murder and discovers that the murderer is the father of her student.
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