List of conflicts in South America

Last updated

This is a list of armed conflicts in South America.

Contents

Development of Spanish America

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Government under traditional Spanish law
Loyal to Supreme Centre Cortes
American junta or insurrection movement
Independent state declared or established
Height of French control of the Peninsula Hisparevol.gif

Development of Spanish America
  Government under traditional Spanish law
  Loyal to Supreme Centre Cortes
  American junta or insurrection movement
  Independent state declared or established
  Height of French control of the Peninsula
Thousand Days War1891 Chilean Civil WarWar of the PacificConquest of the DesertParaguayan WarChincha Islands WarUruguayan WarOccupation of AraucaníaColombian Civil War (1860–1862)Federal WarPlatine WarRevolution of 1851Uruguayan Civil WarWar of the ConfederationWar of the RagamuffinsChilean Civil War of 1829Gran Colombia – Peru WarCisplatine WarBrazilian IndependenceVenezuelan War of IndependenceChilean War of IndependenceArgentine War of IndependencePeruvian War of IndependenceList of conflicts in South America
Cenepa WarFalklands WarInternal conflict in PeruColombian Armed ConflictLa ViolenciaParaguayan Civil War (1947)Ecuadorian–Peruvian WarChaco WarColombia-Peru WarEcuadorian Civil War of 1912–1914War of the GeneralsContestado WarParaguayan Civil War (1911–1912)Thousand Days WarCold WarWWIIWWIList of conflicts in South America

Argentina

Bolivia

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Ecuador

French Guiana

Peru

The area of the Chavin culture, as well as areas the Chavin culture influenced. Chavin-small.png
The area of the Chavín culture, as well as areas the Chavín culture influenced.
A map of the extent of the Wari Empire Huari-with-tiahuanaco.png
A map of the extent of the Wari Empire
A map of the extent of the Kingdom of Cuzco in 1438 Late-intermediate-peru.png
A map of the extent of the Kingdom of Cuzco in 1438
A map of the Inca Empire at its greatest extent Inca Expansion.svg
A map of the Inca Empire at its greatest extent

Paraguay

Uruguay

Venezuela

Suriname

Guyana

See also

Related Research Articles

The History of Ecuador covers human habitation in the region reaching back 8,000 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huáscar</span> Sapa Inca of the Inca empire from 1527 to 1532 AD

Huáscar Inca also Guazcar was Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire from 1527 to 1532. He succeeded his father, Huayna Capac and his brother Ninan Cuyochi, both of whom died of smallpox while campaigning near Quito.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atahualpa</span> Last Inca Emperor (ruled 1532–1533)

Atahualpa, also Atawallpa (Quechua), Atabalica, Atahuallpa, Atabalipa, was the last effective Incan emperor before his capture and execution during the Spanish conquest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huayna Capac</span> Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire

Huayna Capac was the third Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca Empire. He was the son of and successor to Túpac Inca Yupanqui., the sixth Sapa Inca of the Hanan dynasty, and eleventh of the Inca civilization. He was born in Tumipampa and tutored to become Sapa Inca from a young age.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire</span> Period of the Spanish conquest in South America

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, also known as the Conquest of Peru, was one of the most important campaigns in the Spanish colonization of the Americas. After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spanish soldiers under conquistador Francisco Pizarro, along with his brothers in arms and their indigenous allies, captured the Sapa Inca Atahualpa in the 1532 Battle of Cajamarca. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish victory in 1572 and colonization of the region as the Viceroyalty of Peru. The conquest of the Inca Empire, led to spin-off campaigns into present-day Chile and Colombia, as well as expeditions to the Amazon Basin and surrounding rainforest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manco Inca Yupanqui</span> 16th-century Inca emperor

Manco Inca Yupanqui was the founder and monarch of the independent Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba, although he was originally a puppet Inca Emperor installed by the Spaniards. He was also known as "Manco II" and "Manco Cápac II". He was one of the sons of Huayna Capac and a younger brother of Huascar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Topa Inca Yupanqui</span> Tenth emperor of the Inca Empire (before 1471– 1493)

Topa Inca Yupanqui or Túpac Inca Yupanqui, translated as "noble Inca accountant," was the tenth Sapa Inca (1471–93) of the Inca Empire, fifth of the Hanan dynasty. His father was Pachacuti, and his son was Huayna Capac. Topa Inca belonged to the Qhapaq panaca. His qoya was his older sister, Mama Ocllo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the Incas</span> Incan Civilization

The Incas were most notable for establishing the Inca Empire which was centered in modern day South America in Peru and Chile. It was about 2,500 miles from the northern to southern tip. The Inca Empire lasted from 1438 to 1533. It was the largest Empire in America throughout the Pre-Columbian era. At the peak of the Inca Empire, it was the largest nation in the world and to this day is the largest native state in the western hemisphere. The Inca civilization was located from north to south of the western hemisphere of South America. The Inca state was known as the Kingdom of Cuzco before 1438. Over the course of the Inca Empire, the Inca used conquest and peaceful assimilation to incorporate the territory of modern-day Peru, followed by a large portion of western South America, into their empire, centered on the Andean mountain range. However, shortly after the Inca Civil War, the last Sapa Inca (emperor) of the Inca Empire was captured and killed on the orders of the conquistador Francisco Pizarro, marking the beginning of Spanish rule. The remnants of the empire retreated to the remote jungles of Vilcabamba and established the small Neo-Inca State, which was conquered by the Spanish in 1572.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inca Civil War</span> War of succession just before the Spanish conquest

The Inca Civil War, also known as the Inca Dynastic War, the Inca War of Succession, or, sometimes, the War of the Two Brothers, was fought between half-brothers Huáscar and Atahualpa, sons of Huayna Capac, over succession to the throne of the Inca Empire. The war followed Huayna Capac's death.

Tumebamba, Tomebamba, or Tumipampa was a former main regional city in the Inca Empire. Tumebamba was chosen by the Emperor Huayna Capac to be the Inca northern capital. The city was largely destroyed during the civil war between Huáscar and Atahualpa shortly before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in 1532. The Spanish city of Cuenca, Ecuador was built on the site of Tumebamba although a portion of the Inca city is preserved at the archaeological sites of Pumapunku and Todos Santos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cañari</span> Native tribe in Ecuador

The Cañari are an indigenous ethnic group traditionally inhabiting the territory of the modern provinces of Azuay and Cañar in Ecuador. They are descended from the independent pre-Columbian tribal confederation of the same name. The historic people are particularly noted for their resistance against the Inca Empire. Eventually conquered by the Inca in the early 16th century shortly before the arrival of the Spanish, the Cañari later allied with the Spanish against the Inca. Today, the population of the Cañari, who include many mestizos, numbers in the thousands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pre-Columbian Ecuador</span> Ecuador before Spanish colonization

Pre-Columbian Ecuador included numerous indigenous cultures, who thrived for thousands of years before the ascent of the Incan Empire. Las Vegas culture of coastal Ecuador, flourishing between 8000 and 4600 BC, is one of the oldest cultures in the Americas. The subsequent Valdivia culture in the Pacific coast region is another well-known early Ecuadorian culture. Ancient Valdivian artifacts from as early as 3500 BC have been found along the coast north of the Guayas Province in the modern city of Santa Elena.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Military history of South America</span>

The military history of South America can be divided into two major periods – pre- and post-Columbian – divided by the entrance of European forces to the region. The sudden introduction of steel, gunpowder weapons and horses into the Americas would revolutionize warfare. Within the post-Columbian period, the events of the early 19th century, when almost all of South America was marked by wars of independence, also forms a natural historical juncture. Throughout its history, South America has had distinct military features: it has been geographically separated from many major military powers by large oceans; its unique terrain has imposed major logistical challenges, and privileged naval lines of communications.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Andean South America</span>

The history of human habitation in the Andean region of South America stretches from circa 15,000 BCE to the present day. Stretching for 7,000 km (4,300 mi) long, the region encompasses mountainous, tropical and desert environments. This colonisation and habitation of the region has been affected by its unique geography and climate, leading to the development of unique cultural and socn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neo-Inca State</span> 1537–1572 rump state of the Inca Empire

The Neo-Inca State, also known as the Neo-Inca state of Vilcabamba, was the Inca state established in 1537 at Vilcabamba by Manco Inca Yupanqui. It is considered a rump state of the Inca Empire (1438–1533), which collapsed after the Spanish conquest in the mid-1530s. The Neo-Inca State lasted until 1572, when the last Inca stronghold was conquered, and the last ruler, Túpac Amaru, was captured and executed, thus ending the political authority of the Inca state.

The Coya Rahua Ocllo, or Araua Ocllo, was a princess and queen consort, Coya, of the Inca Empire by marriage to her brother, the Sapa Inca Huayna Capac.

The Coya Coya Cusirimay, was a princess and queen consort, Coya, of the Inca Empire by marriage to her brother, the Sapa Inca Huayna Capac. She was said to be responsible for the relief and well being of her people after natural disasters struck. She was second in command to the emperor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paccha Duchicela</span>

Paccha Duchicela (1485–1525), was, according to the priest Juan de Velasco, a queen regnant of Quito in 1487–1525 and co-reigned with her husband Huayna Capac, the Emperor of Inca Empire. As all the kings and queens of Quito, she is only mentioned by de Velasco. She was also a consort of the Inca Empire by marriage to the Sapa Inca Huayna Capac. She has been pointed out as the mother of Atahualpa.

The Inca-Caranqui archaeological site is located in the village of Caranqui on the southern outskirts of the city of Ibarra, Ecuador. The ruin is located in a fertile valley at an elevation of 2,299 metres (7,543 ft). The region around Caranqui, extending into the present day country of Colombia, was the northernmost outpost of the Inca Empire and the last to be added to the empire before the Spanish conquest of 1533. The archaeological region is also called the Pais Caranqui.

Doña Francisca Coya, also known as María de Sandoval or simply La Coya, was a Princess of the Inca Empire. She was the daughter of Emperor Huayna Capac and his cousin-wife Mama Runtu Coya. She was born in Cuzco, Peru in 1515 and died in Popayán, Colombia around 1543–44.