Western Asia
Armenia
- c. 2492 BCE Battle between Haik and Nimrod
- 714 BCE Urartu–Assyria War
- 1914–1918 World War I
- 1918 Georgian–Armenian War
- 1918–1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War
- 1920 Red Army invasion of Armenia
- 1988–2024 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 1988–1994 First Nagorno-Karabakh War
- 2008 2008 Mardakert clashes
- 2010 2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes
- 2010 2010 Mardakert clashes
- 2012 2012 Armenian–Azerbaijani border clashes
- 2014 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2014 2014 Armenian Mil Mi-24 shootdown
- 2016 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 2018 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2020 July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2020 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war
- 2021–2022 2021–2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis
Azerbaijan
- 1914–1918 Caucasus Campaign of World War I
- 1918–1919 Mughan clashes
- 1918–1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War
- 1920 Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan
- 1988–2024 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 1988–1994 First Nagorno-Karabakh War
- 2008 2008 Mardakert clashes
- 2010 2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes
- 2010 2010 Mardakert clashes
- 2012 2012 Armenian–Azerbaijani border clashes
- 2014 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2014 2014 Armenian Mil Mi-24 shootdown
- 2016 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
- 2018 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2020 July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes
- 2020 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war
- 2021–2022 2021–2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis
Egypt
Prehistoric Egypt
- Between 14340 to 13140 BCE Battle at Cemetery 117
Early Dynastic Period
- c. 3100 BCE Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt
- c. 3050 BCE Hor-Aha, the second pharaoh of Egypt, led a campaign against the Nubians.
- c. 2890 BCE After the death of Qa'a, the last pharaoh of the First Dynasty of Egypt, a short war may have occurred for the throne, ending with the accession of Hotepsekhemwy.
- c. 2690 BCE Khasekhemwy reunited Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt
Old Kingdom
- c. 2670 BCE Djoser, the first pharaoh of the Third Dynasty of Egypt dispatched several military expeditions to the Sinai Peninsula
First Intermediate Period
- c. 2150 BCE The 4.2 kiloyear event triggered famines, social disorder, and fragmentation.
- c. 2140 BCE During the reign of the pharaoh Neferkare III, the nomarch of Hieraconopolis Ankhtifi, led a coalition of his nome and Edfu against Thebes.
- c. 2120 BCE Mentuhotep I and Sehertawy Intef I
- c. 2075 BCE Akhtoy Nebkaure sacked Thinis
Middle Kingdom
- c. 2061 – c. 2010 BCE Campaigns of Mentuhotep II
- c. 1900 BCE Senusret I conquest of Lower Nubia
- c. 1880 BCE Amenemhat II, looted two cities in Asia
- c. 1860–1850 BCE Senusret III, four campaigns to Nubia, one campaign to the Southern Levant
- c. 1850 BCE Amenemhat III, short Nubian campaign
- c. 1705 BCE – c. 1648 BCE Continuation of 14th dynasty rule in the Nile River Delta region until 1650 BCE when the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt conquered the Delta.
Second Intermediate Period
- c. 1649 BCE – c. 1600 BCE the Hyksos progress south conquering Middle Egypt, then controlled by the Abydos Dynasty or the 16th Dynasty
- c. 1629 BCE – c. 1628 BCE Neferhotep III in a defensive war against the Hyksos Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
- c. 1582 BCE Final Theban offensive of Hyksos who conquer Thebes, ending the 16th Dynasty
- c. 1560 BCE – c. 1540 BCE The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt at war with the Hyksos
New Kingdom of Egypt
- c. 1550 Pharaoh Ahmosis I launches an invasion on the Hyksos in Upper and Lower Egypt. A new era in Ancient Egyptian history: the New Kingdom under the rule of the 18th dynasty.
- c. 1282 BCE Seti's military campaigns
- 1206 BCE – c. 1150 BCE Bronze Age collapse causes the collapse of the New Kingdom of Egypt and subsequent attacks from Libyans, with associated people of Ekwesh, Shekelesh, Lukka, Shardana, and Tursha. A second attack during the reign of Ramesses III involved Peleset, Tjeker, Shardana and Denyen.
- c. 1178 BCE Egyptian-Sea People wars
- c. 1178 BCE Battle of the Delta
- c. 1178 BCE Battle of Djahy
- c. 1178 BCE Egyptian-Sea People wars
Third Intermediate Period
- 925 BCE Battle of Bitter Lakes
- 752-721 BCE Conquest of Egypt
- 671 BCE Assyrian invasion of Egypt led by Esarhaddon
- 664 BCE Sack of Thebes led by Ashurbanipal
Late Period
- 530-522 BCE Campaigns of King Cambyses II of Persia
- 525 BCE Battle of Pelusium
- 522-520 BCE Rebellion of Petubastis III
- 480s BCE Rebellion of Psamtik IV
- 460-454 BCE Rebellion of Inaros II
- 459 BCE Battle of Papremis
- 411 BCE Amyrtaeus revolted against Darius II of the Achaemenid Empire and regained Egyptian independence
- 385-383 BCE A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by King Hakor
- 374-373 BCE A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by King Nectanebo I
- 343 BCE Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
- 335-323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to Alexander the Great, who placed a garrison in it under the command of an officer entitled Companion of the King.
Ptolemaic Kingdom
- 173 BCE Antiochus Epiphanes defeated the troops of Ptolemy Philometor
- 55 BCE Mark Antony defeated the Egyptian army and made himself master of the city
- 10 January 49 BCE – 17 March 45 BCE Caesar's Civil War
- 48-47 BCE Siege of Alexandria
- 47 BCE Battle of the Nile
- 32 BCE – August 30 BCE Final War of the Roman Republic
- 31 July – 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria
Roman Province of Egypt
- 115–117 CE Kitos War
Byzantine Diocese of Egypt
- 618-621 CE Sassanid conquest of Egypt
- 619 CE Siege of Alexandria
Rashidun Caliphate
- 639-642 CE Muslim conquest of Egypt
- 6 July 640 CE Battle of Heliopolis
- 641 CE Siege of Alexandria
- 646 CE Battle of Nikiou
Abbasid Caliphate
- 809-827 CE Great Abbasid Civil War
Ayyubid Dynasty
- 1171–1172 CE Ayyubids Conquest of North Africa and Nubia
- 1095–1272 CE The Crusades
- 1213–1221 CE Fifth Crusade
- 1218–1219 CE Siege of Damietta
- 29 August 1219 CE Battle of Fariskur
- 1248–1254 CE Seventh Crusade
- 6 June 1249 CE Siege of Damietta
- 8 February 1250 CE – 11 February 1250 CE Battle of Al Mansurah
- 6 April 1250 CE Battle of Fariskur
- 1213–1221 CE Fifth Crusade
Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt
- 9–12 October 1365 CE Alexandrian Crusade
Eyalet of Egypt
- 1538–1557 CE Ottoman-Portuguese conflicts
- 20 April 1792 – 25 March 1802 CE French Revolutionary Wars
- May–December 1798 CE Mediterranean campaign
- 1798–1801 CE French campaign in Egypt and Syria
- 13 July 1798 CE Battle of Shubra Khit
- 21 July 1798 CE Battle of the Pyramids
- 1–3 August 1798 CE Battle of the Nile
- 21 October 1798 Revolt of Cairo
- 25 July 1799 CE Battle of Abukir
- 19 February 1799 CE Siege of El Arish
- 20 March 1800 CE Battle of Heliopolis
- 8 March 1801 CE Battle of Abukir
- 13 March 1801 CE Battle of Mandora
- 21 March 1801 CE Battle of Alexandria
- 17 August – 2 September 1801 CE Siege of Alexandria
- 1798–1801 CE French campaign in Egypt and Syria
- May–December 1798 CE Mediterranean campaign
- 18 May 1803 CE – 20 November 1815 CE Napoleonic Wars
- 1807–1809 CE Anglo-Turkish War
- 1807 CE Alexandria expedition
- 1807–1809 CE Anglo-Turkish War
Khedivate of Egypt
- 1882 CE Anglo-Egyptian War
- 11–13 July 1882 CE Bombardment of Alexandria
- June–July 1882 CE Egyptian Expedition
- 1882 CE Battle of Kassassin
- 1882 CE Battle of Kafr el-Dawwar
- 13 September 1882 CE Battle of Tel al-Kebir
- 1881–1899 CE Mahdist War
- 3 August 1889 CE Battle of Toski
Sultanate of Egypt
- 28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918 World War I
- 29 October 1914 – 30 October 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- 28 January 1915 – 30 October 1918 Sinai and Palestine Campaign
- 26 January – 4 February 1915 Raid on the Suez Canal
- 23 April 1916 Battle of Katia
- 3–5 August 1916 Battle of Romani
- 23 December 1916 Battle of Magdhaba
- 9 January 1917 Battle of Rafa
- 13–21 February 1917 Raid on Nekhl
- 28 January 1915 – 30 October 1918 Sinai and Palestine Campaign
- 29 October 1914 – 30 October 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
Kingdom of Egypt
- 1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945 World War II
- 10 June 1940 – 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
- 10 June 1940 – 13 May 1943 North African Campaign
- 11 June 1940 – 4 February 1943 Western Desert Campaign
- 9–16 September 1940 Italian invasion of Egypt
- 9 December 1940 – 9 February 1941 Operation Compass
- 4 February 1942 Abdeen Palace Incident
- 1–27 July 1942 First Battle of El Alamein
- 30 August – 5 September 1942 Battle of Alam Halfa
- 11 October – 23 November 1942 Second Battle of El Alamein
- 11 June 1940 – 4 February 1943 Western Desert Campaign
- 10 June 1940 – 13 May 1943 North African Campaign
- 10 June 1940 – 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
- 15 May 1948 – 10 March 1949 Arab-Israeli War
- December 1948 – January 1949 Battles of the Sinai
Republic of Egypt
- 23 July 1952 Egyptian Revolution
- 2–3 November 1955 Operation Volcano (Israeli raid)
- 29 October – 7 November 1956 Suez Crisis
- October 1956 Operation Musketeer
- 1956 Operation Telescope
- 1956 Battle of Suez
Arab Republic of Egypt
- 5–11 June 1967 Six-Day War
- 5–6 June 1967 Battle of Abu-Ageila
- 8 June 1967 USS Liberty incident
- 1 July 1967 – 7 August 1970 War of Attrition
- 11 July 1967 Battle of Rumani Coast
- 19 July 1969 Operation Bulmus 6
- 20 July 1969 – 28 July 1969 Operation Boxer
- 26–27 December 1969 Operation Rooster 53
- 7 January – 13 April 1970 Operation Priha
- 22 January 1970 Operation Rhodes
- 30 July 1970 Operation Rimon 20
- 6–25 October 1973 Yom Kipppur War
- 6–8 October 1973 Operation Badr
- 6 October 1973 Battles of Fort Budapest
- 6 October 1973 Battle of Fort Lahtzanit
- 6 October 1973 Ofira Air Battle
- 6–7 October 1973 Battle of El Qantarah
- 7 October 1973 Romani ambush
- 7 October 1973 Battle of Marsa Talamat
- 7 October 1973 Operation Tagar
- 7–8 October 1973 Battle of the Moses Eyes Fortress
- 8 October 1973 Battle of Firdan
- 8–9 October 1973 Battle of Baltim
- 14 October 1973 Battle of the Sinai
- 14 October 1973 Air Battle of El Mansoura
- 15 October 1973 – 17 October 1973 Battle of the Chinese Farm
- 16 October 1973 Raid on Egyptian missile bases
- 17 October 1973 Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush
- 18 October 1973 Battle of Ismailia
- 22 October 1973 Scud missile attack
- 24–25 October 1973 Battle of Suez
- 21–24 July 1977 Libyan-Egyptian War
- 25 January 2011 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Aftermath
- 23 February 2011 – ongoing Sinai insurgency
- 22 November 2012 – 3 July 2013 Egyptian protests
- 3 July 2013 Political violence in Egypt
- 16 February 2015 – ongoing Intervention in Libya
- 25 March 2015 – ongoing Intervention in Yemen
Iran
Early Dynastic Period of Sumer
- c. 2800 BCE – c. 2500 BCE Gilgamesh of Uruk killed the Elamite ruler Humbaba
- c. 2500 BCE Enmebaragesi of Kish subdued Elam
Fourth Babylonian Dynasty
- c. 1125–1104 BCE (Short chronology) Nebuchadnezzar I of Isin's War with Elam
Achaemenid Empire
- 559–530 BCE Campaigns of Cyrus the Great
- 552 BCE Persian Revolt
- 552 BCE Battle of Hyrba
- 551 BCE Battle of the Persian Border
- 550 BCE Battle of Pasargadae
Macedonian Empire
- 335–323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- January 20, 330 BCE Battle of the Persian Gate
Seleucid Empire
- 322–275 BCE Wars of the Diadochi
- 317 BCE Battle of Paraitacene
- Winter 316 BCE Battle of Gabiene
Parthian Empire
- 238–129 BCE Seleucid–Parthian wars
- 238 BCE Parni conquest of Parthia
- 129 BCE Battle of Ecbatana
- 66 BCE – 217 Roman–Parthian Wars
- 40–33 BCE Antony's Parthian War
- 161–166 Roman–Parthian War
- 217 CE Battle of Nisibis
Sasanian Empire
- April 24, 224 Parthian–Sasanian War
- 502–628 Byzantine–Sasanian wars
- 440 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- 572–591 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- August 591 Battle of Blarathon
- 633–644 Muslim conquest of Persia
Rashidun Caliphate
- 656–661 First Fitna
Umayyad Caliphate
- 680–692 Second Fitna
- 743–750 Third Fitna
Abbasid Caliphate
- 809–827 Fourth Fitna
Qajar dynasty
- 1911–1913 Revolt of Salar-al-Daulah
- 1914–1918 World War I
- 1914–1918 Persian Campaign
Pahlavi dynasty
- 1918-ongoing Kurdish–Iranian conflict
- 1918 Simko Shikak revolt
- 1926 1926 Shikak revolt
- 1929 Jafar Sultan revolt
- 1941–1944 Hama Rashid revolt
- 1945–1926 Iran crisis of 1946
- 1967 1967 Kurdish revolt in Iran
- 1922–2022 Arab separatism in Khuzestan
- 1922–1924 Sheikh Khazal rebellion
- 1939–1945 World War II
- 1963–1976 Dhofar Rebellion
Islamic Republic of Iran
- 1979 Iranian Revolution
- 1979–1983 Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution
- 1979–1981 Iran Hostage Crisis
- 1922–2022 Arab separatism in Khuzestan
- 1979 1979 Khuzestan insurgency
- 2005 2005 Ahvaz unrest
- 2005–2006 2005-06 Ahvaz bombings
- 2011 2011 Khuzestan protests
- 2018 Ahvaz military parade attack
- 1918–ongoing Kurdish–Iranian conflict
- 1979 1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran
- 1984–1991 KDPI-Komala conflict
- 1989–1996 KDPI insurgency (1989-96)
- 2004-ongoing Iran-PJAK conflict
- 2014 Mahabad riots
- 2016-ongoing Western Iran clashes (2016–present)
- 1980–1989 Iran-Iraq War
- 1948–ongoing Balochistan conflict
- 2004‐ongoing Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency
Iraq
Early Dynastic Period of Sumer
- c. 2800 – c. 1750 BCE Sumer-Elam war
- c. 2800 BCE – c. 2500 BCE Gilgamesh of Uruk killed the Elamite ruler Humbaba
- c. 2500 BCE Enmebaragesi of Kish subdued Elam
- c. 2500 BCE Aga of Kish, the son of Enmebaragesi of Kish, besieged Uruk
- c. 2500 BCE Enmerkar of Uruk's year-long siege of Aratta
- c. 2500 BCE Dumuzid of Uruk captured Enmebaragesi of Kish single-handed
- c. 2500 BCE Enshakushanna of Uruk conquered Hamazi, Akkad, Kish, and Nippur, claiming hegemony over all of Sumer. Enshakushanna was succeeded in Uruk by Lugal-kinishe-dudu, but the hegemony seems to have passed to Eannatum of Lagash for a time
- c. 2600 – c. 2316 BCE Umma-Lagash war
- c. 2500 BCE Eannatum of Lagash conquered all of Sumer, including Ur, Nippur, Akshak, Larsa, and Uruk (controlled by Enshakushanna)
- c. 2500 BCE En-anna-tum I of Lagash succeeded his brother Eannatum and defended Lagash against Ur-Lumma of Umma
- c. 2500 BCE Entemena of Lagash succeeded his father En-anna-tum I and re-established Lagash as a power in Sumer. He defeated Illi of Umma, with the aid of Lugal-kinishe-dudu of Uruk (the successor to Enshakushanna)
- c. 2295–2271 BCE (Short chronology) Lugal-zage-si of Umma conquered several of the Sumerian city-states – including Kish, where he overthrew Ur-Zababa; Lagash, where he overthrew Urukagina; Ur, Nippur, and Larsa; as well as Uruk
- c. 2500 BCE Lugal-Anne-Mundu of Adab subjected the "Four Quarters" of the world – i.e., the entire Fertile Crescent region, from the Mediterranean to the Zagros Mountains
Akkadian Empire
- c. 2270–2215 BCE (Short chronology) Conquests of Sargon of Akkad
- 2270 BCE Battle of Uruk
- Syria and Canaan campaigns
- Akkadian conquest of Ebla
- Magan revolt
- c. 2214–2206 BCE (Short chronology) Rimush of Akkad faced widespread revolts which he successfully suppressed and launched a victorious campaign against Elam and Marhasi
- c. 2205–2191 BCE (Short chronology) Manishtushu of Akkad conquered the city of Shirasum in Elam
- c. 2190–2115 BCE (Short chronology) Naram-Sin of Akkad conquered the Lullubi and Majan
- c. 2115–2090 BCE (Short chronology) Shar-Kali-Sharri of Akkad launched successful campaigns against Gutium, Amurru, and Elam, among other places
- c. 2090–2087 BCE (Short chronology) After Shar-Kali-Sharri's reign, there may have been a short period of crisis or struggle between Igigi, Imi, Nanum, Ilulu
- c. 2087–2066 BCE (Short chronology) Dudu of Akkad ended the period of relative anarchy
- c. 2066–2051 BCE (Short chronology) Akkad was conquered during the reign of Shu-turul
Gutian period of Sumer
- c. 2002 BCE (Short chronology) Gutian attacks on the Akkadian Empire
Fifth Dynasty of Uruk
- 1945–1906 BCE Ilu-shuma of Assyria made many raids into southern Mesopotamia
- c. 1886–1879 BCE (Short chronology) After defeating the Gutian with the aid of other cities, Utu-hengal of Uruk established himself as the king of Sumer
- c. 1886 BCE (Short chronology) Defeat of Tirigan, the last Gutian ruler in Sumer
Neo-Sumerian Empire
- c. 1879–1861 BCE (Short chronology) Ur-Nammu of Ur conquered Lagash
- c. 1861–1815 BCE (Short chronology) Shulgi of Ur destroyed Der, launched a campaign against Anshan, and engaged in a period of expansionism at the expense of highlanders such as the Lullubi, and others
- c. 1830–1817 BCE (Short chronology) The Amorite chieftain Sumu-abum won independence from the city-state Kazallu
- c. 1815–1809 BCE (Short chronology) Amar-Sin of Ur launched campaigns conducted against Urbilum, and several other regions with obscure names: Shashrum, Shurudhum, Bitum-Rabium, Jabru, and Huhnuri
- c. 1813–1791 BCE Shamshi-Adad I conquered Assur, Mari, Ekallatum, and Shekhna, establishing an empire encompassing the whole of northern Mesopotamia and included territory in central Mesopotamia, Asia Minor and northern Syria
- c. 1800–1776 BCE (Short chronology) During the reign of Ibbi-Sin of Ur, the Sumerian empire was attacked repeatedly by Amorites and as faith in Ibbi-Sin's leadership failed, Elam declared its independence and began to raid as well
- c. 1776 BCE (Short chronology) Elamite Sack of Ur
Dynasty of Isin
- c. 1766 BCE (Short chronology) Ishbi-Erra of Isin reconquered much of the former heartland of Sumer and Akkad from Elam and various invaders
Paleo-Babylonian Empire
- c. 1752–1730 BCE (Short chronology) Damiq-ilishu of Isin, the last king on the Sumerian King List, is defeated by Sin-Muballit of Babylon
- c. 1728–1686 BCE (Short chronology) Hammurabi of Babylon extended Babylon's control over Mesopotamia by winning a series of wars against neighboring kingdoms
- c. 1720 BCE Puzur-Sin, an Assyrian vice regent drove out Asinum the Amorite vassal king of the Babylonians from Assyria, allowing the native Ashur-dugul to seize the throne and subsequently triggering a civil war which ended Babylonian and Amorite influence in Assyria by 1720 BCE
Kassite period of Babylonia
- c. 1531 BCE (Short chronology) Fall of Babylon
- c. 1507 BCE (Short chronology) Kassite attacks on Babylon
- c. 1232–1225 BCE (Short chronology) Tukulti-Ninurta I of Assyria defeated Kashtiliash IV, the Kassite king of Babylon and captured the city of Babylon to ensure full Assyrian supremacy over Mesopotamia
- c. 1157–1155 BCE (Short chronology) Enlil-nadin-ahi, the final king of the Kassite dynasty that had ruled over Babylon, was defeated by Kutir-Nahhunte of Elam, the successor of Shutruk-Nakhunte
Fourth Babylonian Dynasty
- c. 1125–1104 BCE (Short chronology) Nebuchadnezzar I of Isin's War with Elam
Meso-Assyrian Empire
- 1114–1076 BCE Tiglath-Pileser I of Assyria launched campaigns against the Mushki, the Hittites, and the Arameans
- c. 1074 BCE In the first year of the reign of the 89th Assyrian king Ashur-bel-kala, son of Tiglath-Pileser I, Ashur-bel-kala campaigned in the north against the Kingdom of Urartu
Neo-Assyrian Empire
- 911–605 BCE Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
- 883–859 BCE Campaigns of Ashurnasirpal II
- 859–824 BCE Campaigns of Shalmaneser III
- 745–727 BCE Campaigns of Tiglath-Pileser III
- 722–705 BCE Campaigns of Sargon II
- 710 BCE Campaign against Babylonia
- 705–681 BCE Campaigns of Sennacherib
- 703–689 BCE War with Babylon
- 693 BCE Battle of Diyala River
- 693 BCE Siege of Babylon
- 703–689 BCE War with Babylon
- 681–669 BCE Campaigns of Esarhaddon
- 668–627 BCE Campaigns of Ashurbanipal
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Ashur-etil-ilani
- 626 BCE Revolt of Babylon
- 616 BCE Battle of Arrapha
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Sinsharishkun
- 626–619 BCE Last Strike against Babylon
- 616–605 BCE War in the Assyrian heartlands
- 614 BCE Fall of Assur
- 612 BCE Assur is sacked and largely destroyed during the conquest of Assyria by the Babylonians
- 612 BCE Battle of Nineveh
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Sinsharishkun
- 612–609 BCE Campaigns of Ashur-uballit II
- 610 BCE Harran was besieged and conquered by Nabopolassar and Cyaxares
- 609 BCE Harran was briefly retaken by Ashur-uballit II and his Egyptian allies before it definitely fell to the Median Empire and Neo-Babylonian Empire
- Egyptian-Babylonian wars
- 605 BCE Battle of Carchemish
Neo-Babylonian Empire
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Ashur-etil-ilani
- 626 BCE Revolt of Babylon
- 616 BCE Battle of Arrapha
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Sinsharishkun
- 626–619 BCE Last Strike against Babylon
- 616–605 BCE War in the Assyrian heartlands
- 614 BCE Fall of Assur
- 612 BCE Assur is sacked and largely destroyed during the conquest of Assyria by the Babylonians
- 612 BCE Battle of Nineveh
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Sinsharishkun
- 612–609 BCE Campaigns of Ashur-uballit II
- 610 BCE Harran was besieged and conquered by Nabopolassar and Cyaxares
- 609 BCE Harran was briefly retaken by Ashur-uballit II and his Egyptian allies before it definitely fell to the Median Empire and Neo-Babylonian Empire
- Egyptian-Babylonian wars
- 605 BCE Battle of Carchemish
- 627–624 BCE Campaigns of Ashur-etil-ilani
Achaemenid Province of Athura
- 559–530 BCE Campaigns of Cyrus the Great
- September 25, 539 BCE – September 28, 539 BCE Battle of Opis
- October 29, 539 BCE Capture of Babylon
Macedonian Empire
- 335–323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- October 1, 331 BCE Battle of Gaugamela
Seleucid Empire
- 322–275 BCE Wars of the Diadochi
- 311–309 BCE Babylonian War
Parthian Empire
- 238–129 BCE Seleucid–Parthian wars
- 238 BCE Parni conquest of Parthia
- 129 BCE Battle of Ecbatana
Roman Province of Mesopotamia
- 92 BCE – 629 CE Roman–Persian Wars
- 198 CE Battle of Ctesiphon
- 243 CE Battle of Resaena
- 66 BCE – 217 CE Roman–Parthian Wars
- 40–33 BCE Antony's Parthian War
- 161–166 Roman–Parthian War
- 216–217 Parthian war of Caracalla
- 217 CE Battle of Nisibis
Sasanian Province of Asorestan
- 217–502 Roman–Sasanian wars
- Winter of 244 Battle of Misiche
- 253 Battle of Barbalissos
- 260 Battle of Edessa
- 264 Battle of Ctesiphon
- 344 Battle of Satala
- 359 Siege of Singara
- 359 Siege of Amida
- April 27–29, 363 Siege of Pirisabora
- May 29, 363 Battle of Ctesiphon
- June 363 Battle of Samarra
- c. 240–272 Assur is destroyed by the Sasanian king Shapur I
- 502–628 Byzantine–Sasanian wars
- 502–506 Anastasian War
- 526–532 Iberian War
- 572–591 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- c. 602 – c. 628 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- 633–644 Muslim conquest of Persia
- April 633 Battle of River
- May 633 Battle of Walaja
- May 633 Battle of Ullais
- May 633 Battle of Hira
- 633 Battle of Ayn al-Tamr
- November 633 Battle of Muzayyah
- November 633 Battle of Saniyy
- November 633 Battle of Zumail
- January 634 Battle of Firaz
- November 634 Battle of the Bridge
- November 16–19, 636 Battle of al-Qādisiyyah
- January–March 637 Siege of Ctesiphon
- April 637 Battle of Jalula
Rashidun Caliphate
- 633–644 Muslim conquest of Persia
- April 633 Battle of River
- May 633 Battle of Walaja
- May 633 Battle of Ullais
- May 633 Battle of Hira
- 633 Battle of Ayn al-Tamr
- November 633 Battle of Muzayyah
- November 633 Battle of Saniyy
- November 633 Battle of Zumail
- January 634 Battle of Firaz
- November 634 Battle of the Bridge
- November 16–19, 636 Battle of al-Qādisiyyah
- January–March 637 Siege of Ctesiphon
- April 637 Battle of Jalula
- 656–661 First Fitna
Umayyad Caliphate
- 680–692 Second Fitna
- October 10, 680 Battle of Karbala
- 692 Battle of Maskin
- 743–750 Third Fitna
- January 25, 750 Battle of the Zab
Abbasid Caliphate
- September 762 – February 763 Alid Revolt
- 809–827 Fourth Fitna
- 812–813 Siege of Baghdad
- 861–870 Anarchy at Samarra
- 946 Battle of Baghdad
- 1157 Siege of Baghdad
Mongol Empire
- 1258 Siege of Baghdad
- 1370–1405 Assyrian people are massacred at Assur by Timur
Ottoman Iraq
- 1532–1555 Ottoman–Safavid War
- 1534 Capture of Baghdad
- 1623–1639 Ottoman–Safavid War
- 1623 Capture of Baghdad
- 1638 Capture of Baghdad
- July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
- October 29, 1914 – October 30, 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- November 6, 1914 – November 14, 1918 Mesopotamian campaign
- November 6, 1914 Fao Landing
- November 11–21, 1914 Battle of Basra
- December 3–9, 1914 Battle of Qurna
- April 12–14, 1915 Battle of Shaiba
- November 6, 1914 – November 14, 1918 Mesopotamian campaign
- October 29, 1914 – October 30, 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- September 28, 1915 Battle of Es Sinn
- November 22–25, 1915 Battle of Ctesiphon
- December 7, 1915 – April 29, 1916 Siege of Kut
- January 6–8, 1916 Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad
- January 13, 1916 Battle of Wadi
- January 21, 1916 Battle of Hanna
- March 8, 1916 Battle of Dujaila
- March 8–11, 1917 Fall of Baghdad
- February 23, 1917 Second Battle of Kut
- March 13 – April 23, 1917 Samarra offensive
- September 28–29, 1917 Battle of Ramadi
- March 26–27, 1918 Action of Khan Baghdadi
- October 23–30, 1918 Battle of Sharqat
Occupied Enemy Territory Administration
- May–October 1920 Iraqi revolt against the British
Kingdom of Iraq
- 1935–1935 1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts
- 1939-September 2, 1945 World War II
- 1940–1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
- 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War
- 1941 Iraq coup d'état
- 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War
- 1940–1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II
- 1918-2003 Iraqi-Kurdish conflict
- 1922–1924 Mahmud Barzanji revolts
- 1931–1932 Ahmed Barzani revolt
- 1943–1945 1943 Barzani revolt
- 1958 14 July Revolution
First Iraqi Republic
- 1959 1959 Mosul uprising
- 1918-2003 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
- 1961–1970 First Iraqi–Kurdish War
- 1963 Ramadan Revolution
Ba'athist Iraq
- 1918–2003 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
- September 11, 1961 – 1970 First Iraqi–Kurdish War
- April 1974 – Mid 1975 Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
- 1975–1983 PUK insurgency
- September 1983 – September 1988 Kurdish Rebellion
- May 1994 – November 24, 1997 Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
- September 22, 1980 – August 20, 1988 Iran–Iraq War
- 1980 Iraqi invasion
- September 23, 1980 Operation Kaman 99
- October 29, 1980 Operation Sultan 10
- September 30, 1980 Operation Scorch Sword
- November 28–29, 1980 Operation Morvarid
- 1981 Stalemate
- April 4, 1981 Attack on H3
- 1982 Iranian offensive
- Early July 1982 Operation Ramadan
- 1983–85 Strategic stalemate
- February 6–26, 1983 Operation Before the Dawn
- April 10, 1983 Operation Dawn 1
- July 22, 1983 Operation Dawn 2
- July 30 – August 9, 1983 Operation Dawn 3
- October 19 – mid November, 1983 Operation Dawn 4
- Early 1984 Operation Dawn 5
- February 14 – March 19, 1984 Operation Kheibar
- February 22–24, 1984 Operation Dawn 6
- 1984 Battle of the Marshes
- March 10–20, 1985 Operation Badr
- 1986–87 Duel offensives
- 1986–89 Al-Anfal Campaign
- March 16, 1988 Halabja poison gas attack
- February 9–25, 1986 Operation Dawn 8
- February 11, 1986 First Battle of al-Faw
- December 25–27, 1986 Operation Karbala-4
- January 8 – February 26, 1987 Operation Karbala-5
- Early 1987 Operation Karbala-6
- May 1987 Operation Karbala 10
- May – early June 1987 Operation Nasr 4
- 1988 Final stages
- Mid-March 1988 Operation Zafar 7
- April 17, 1988 Second Battle of al-Faw
- 1981 International incidents
- June 7, 1981 Operation Opera
- 1980 Iraqi invasion
- August 2, 1990 – February 28, 1991 Second Persian Gulf War
- 1991 Operation Desert Storm
- February 15–20, 1991 Battle of Wadi al-Batin
- January 17 – February 23, 1991 Gulf War air campaign
- January 19, 1991 Package Q Strike
- February 13, 1991 4:30 am (GMT+3) Amiriyah shelter bombing
- February 24–28, 1991 Liberation of Kuwait campaign
Ground troop movements 24–28 February 1991 during Operation Desert Storm - February 26–27, 1991 Battle of 73 Easting
- February 26, 1991 Battle of Phase Line Bullet
- February 27, 1991 Battle of Medina Ridge
- February 27, 1991 Battle for Jalibah Airfield
- February 27, 1991 Battle of Norfolk
- March 2, 1991 Battle of Rumaila
- March 1, 1991 Safwan Airfield Standoff
- 1991 Operation Desert Storm
- March 1 – April 5, 1991 Uprisings in Iraq
- March 1 – mid-April 1991 Uprising in Basra
- March 5–19, 1991 Uprising in Karbala
- March 5 – April 3, 1991 Uprising in Sulaymaniyah
- March 11–29, 1991 Uprising in Kirkuk
- March 10–24, 1991 Uprising in Tuz Khormato
- 1991–2002 Air engagements of the Post Gulf War
- March 20, 1991 – In accordance with the ceasefire, an F-15C shoots down an Iraqi Su-22 bomber with an AIM-9 missile.
- March 22, 1991 – In accordance with the ceasefire, an F-15C shoots down an Iraqi Su-22 bomber with an AIM-9 missile.
- December 27, 1992 – A MiG-25 crossed the no-fly zone and an F-16D shot it down with an AIM-120 AMRAAM missile. It is the first kill with an AIM-120.
- January 17, 1993 – A USAF F-16C shoots down a MiG-23 when the MiG locks the F-16 up.
- January 5, 1999 – A group of four Iraqi MiG-25s crossed the no-fly zones and sparked a dogfight with two patrolling F-15Cs and two patrolling F-14s. A total of six missiles were fired at the MiGs, none of which hit them. The MiGs then bugged out using their superior speed.
- September 9, 1999 – A lone MiG-23 crossed the no-fly zone heading towards a flight of F-14s. One F-14 fired an AIM-54 Phoenix at the MiG but missed and the MiG headed back north.
- December 23, 2002 – In what was the last aerial victory for the Iraqi Air Force before the Invasion of Iraq, an Iraqi MiG-25 destroyed an American UAV RQ-1 Predator after the drone opened fire on the Iraqi aircraft with a Stinger missile.
- September 3, 1996 Operation Desert Strike
- December 16–19, 1998 Operation Desert Fox
- March 20, 2003 – December 15, 2011 Third Persian Gulf War
- March 19 – May 1, 2003 Invasion of Iraq
- March 21–25, 2003 Battle of Umm Qasr
- March 20–24, 2003 Battle of Al Faw
- March 21 – April 6, 2003 Battle of Basra
- March 23–29, 2003 Battle of Nasiriyah
- March 24, 2003 Attack on Karbala
- March 24 – April 4, 2003 Battle of Najaf
- March 26, 2003 – Operation Northern Delay
- March 28–30, 2003 Operation Viking Hammer
- March 30 – April 4, 2003 Battle of Samawah
- March 31 – April 6, 2003 Battle of Karbala
- April 2–4, 2003 Battle of the Karbala Gap
- April 3–12, 2003 Battle of Baghdad
- April 6, 2003 Battle of Debecka Pass
- March 19 – May 1, 2003 Invasion of Iraq
Coalition Provisional Authority
- 2003–2004 Post-invasion insurgency
- March 20, 2003 – December 7, 2011 Iraq War in Anbar Province
- October 26 – November 24, 2003 Ramadan Offensive
- December 13, 2003 Operation Red Dawn
- April 4 – June 24, 2004 Iraq spring fighting
- April 4 – May 1, 2004 First Battle of Fallujah
- April 4 – May 11, 2008 Siege of Sadr City
- April 6–10, 2004 Battle of Ramadi
- April 17, 2004 Battle of Husaybah
- August 5–27, 2004 Battle of Najaf
- August 5–28, 2004 CIMIC-House
- October 1–3, 2004 Battle of Samarra
- November 7 – December 23, 2004 Second Battle of Fallujah
- November 8–16, 2004 Battle of Mosul
Republic of Iraq
- 2005–06 Post-invasion insurgency
- May 8–19, 2005 Battle of Al Qaim
- August 1–4, 2005 Battle of Haditha
- September 1–18, 2005 Battle of Tal Afar
- June 17 – November 15, 2006 Battle of Ramadi
- August 28, 2006 Battle of Diwaniya
- February 2006 – May 2008 Civil war in Iraq
- September 23 – October 22, 2006 Ramadan Offensive
- September 27, 2006 – February 18, 2007 Operation Sinbad
- October 19–20, 2006 Battle of Amarah
- November 15–16, 2006 Battle of Turki
- December 25, 2006 – October 1, 2007 Diyala campaign
- January 6–9, 2007 Battle of Haifa Street
- January 20, 2007 Karbala provincial headquarters raid
- January 28–29, 2007 Battle of Najaf
- February 14 – November 24, 2007 Operation Imposing Law
- February 27 – September 3, 2007 Siege of U.K. bases in Basra
- April 6–10, 2007 Operation Black Eagle
- June 16 – August 14, 2007 Operation Phantom Thunder
- March 10 – August 19, 2007 Battle of Baqubah
- June 30 – July 1, 2007 Battle of Donkey Island
- February 15, 2007 Operation Shurta Nasir
- August 27–29, 2007 Battle of Karbala
- January 8 – July 28, 2008 Operation Phantom Phoenix
- January 18–19, 2008 Iraqi Day of Ashura fighting
- January 23 – July 28, 2008 Ninawa campaign
- March 25 – May 15, 2008 Iraq spring fighting
- March 25–31, 2008 Battle of Basra
- April 15 – May 19, 2008 Al-Qaeda offensive in Iraq
Israel
Canaan
- c. 2061–2010 BCE Military activities in Canaan of the Pharaoh Mentuhotep II
- c. 2000 BCE Battle of Siddim
- c. April 16, 1457 BCE Battle of Megiddo
- c. 1290–1279 BCE Seti's military campaigns in Canaan
- c. 1279–1213 BCE Campaigns and Battles of Ramesses II
Confederated Tribes of Israel
- c. 1200 BCE the biblical Battle of Gibeah
United Kingdom of Israel and Judah
- c. 1050–1010 BCE Saul, according to the Bible king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah, fought in a civil war
- c. 931–913 BCE Rehoboam, according to the Bible king of the Kingdom of Judah, fought the Kingdom of Israel in a civil war
Kingdom of Judah
- 925 BCE Sack of Jerusalem an event described in the Bible as sacked by biblical Pharaoh Shishaq, who some identify as Shoshenq I of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt.
- 911–605 BCE Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire
- 701 BCE Siege of Lachish
- 701 BCE Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib
- 701 BCE Sennacherib's campaign in Judah
- 635 BCE Fall of Ashdod
- 601–587 BCE Jewish–Babylonian war
- 597 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II
- 587 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II
Babylonian Province of Yehud
- 601–587 BCE Jewish–Babylonian war
- 597 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II
- 587 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II
Persian Province of Yehud Medinata
- 335–323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- October 332 BCE Siege of Gaza
Seleucid Empire
- 322–275 BCE Wars of the Diadochi
- 312 BCE Battle of Gaza
- 219–217 BCE Fourth Syrian War
- June 22, 217 BCE Battle of Raphia
- 202–195 BCE Fifth Syrian War
- 200 BCE Battle of Panium
- 167–160 BCE Maccabean Revolt
Hasmonean Kingdom
- 63 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Pompey the Great, intervening in the Hasmonean civil war on behalf of the Roman Republic.
Herodian Kingdom of Israel
- 37 BCE Siege of Jerusalem by Herod the Great, ending Hasmonean rule over Judea.
Roman Tetrarchy of Judea
Roman Province of Judea
- 66–136 Jewish–Roman wars
- 66–73 First Jewish–Roman War
- 70 Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, ending the major phase of the First Jewish–Roman War. It ended in the destruction of Herod's Temple.
- 115–117 Second Jewish–Roman War
- 66–73 First Jewish–Roman War
Roman Province of Syria Palaestina
- 66–136 Jewish–Roman wars
- 132–136 Third Jewish–Roman War
Byzantine Province of Palaestina Prima
- c. 602–628 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- 614–628 Jewish revolt against Heraclius
- 614 Siege of Jerusalem by Shahrbaraz (Sasanian general) capturing the city from the Byzantines, part of the Roman-Persian Wars
- 614–628 Jewish revolt against Heraclius
- Muslim conquests
- 629 – c. 1050 Arab–Byzantine wars
- 634–638 Muslim conquest of the Levant
- 637 Siege of Jerusalem by Khalid ibn al-Walid (Rashidun general) under Umar the Great, capturing the city from the Byzantine Empire
- 634–638 Muslim conquest of the Levant
- 629 – c. 1050 Arab–Byzantine wars
Rashidun Province of Jund Filastin
- 637 Siege of Jerusalem by Khalid ibn al-Walid (Rashidun general) under Umar the Great, capturing the city from the Byzantine Empire
Abbasid Province of Jund Filastin
- 1099–1291 The Crusades
- 1099 First Crusade
- 1099 Siege of Jerusalem by the Crusaders, a part of the First Crusade
- 1099 Battle of Ascalon
- 1099 First Crusade
Kingdom of Jerusalem
- 1099–1291 The Crusades
- 1096–99 First Crusade
- 1099 Siege of Jerusalem by the Crusaders, a part of the First Crusade
- 1099 Battle of Ascalon
- Inter-Crusade Period
- September 7, 1101 First Battle of Ramla
- May 17, 1102 Second Battle of Ramla
- August 27, 1105 Third Battle of Ramla
- 1113 Battle of Al-Sannabra
- 1123 Battle of Yibneh
- 1096–99 First Crusade
- 1145–1149 Second Crusade
- Inter-Crusade Period
- 1153 Battle of Ascalon
- November 25, 1177 Battle of Montgisard
- 1179 Battle of Jacob's Ford
- July–August 1182 Battle of Belvoir Castle
- September 1183 Battle of Al-Fule
- May 1, 1187 Battle of Cresson
- July 4, 1187 Battle of Hattin
- 1187 Siege of Jerusalem
- 1189–92 Third Crusade
- 1189–91 Siege of Acre
- September 7, 1191 Battle of Arsuf
- August 8, 1192 Battle of Jaffa
- 1197 German Crusade
- 1212 Children's Crusade
- 1217–21 Fifth Crusade
- 1218–19 Damietta
- 1228–29 Sixth Crusade
- Aftermath of the Sixth Crusade
- 1244 Siege of Jerusalem
- October 17–18, 1244 Battle of La Forbie
- 1251 Shepherds' Crusade
- Late Crusades Period
- 1265 Fall of Caesarea
- 1265 Fall of Haifa
- 1265 Fall of Arsuf
- April 4 – May 18, 1291 Siege of Acre
- 1271–72 Ninth Crusade
- April 4 – May 18, 1291 Siege of Acre
- 1260–1300 Mongol raids into Palestine
- September 3, 1260 Battle of Ain Jalut
Ottoman Eyalet of Damascus
- 1516–17 Ottoman–Mamluk War
- October 28, 1516 Battle of Yaunis Khan
- May 17, 1805 – March 2, 1848 Campaigns of Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Ottoman Vilayet of Syria
- July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
- October 29, 1914 – October 30, 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- November 17 – December 30, 1917 Battle of Jerusalem
- November 18–24, 1917 Battle of Nebi Samwil
- December 1, 1917 Battle of El Burj
- December 20–21, 1917 Battle of Jaffa
- October 29, 1914 – October 30, 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
State of Israel
- 1948–49 1948 Palestine war
- 1948 Siege of Jerusalem
- 1951–55 Retribution operations
- 1956 Suez War
- 1967 Six-Day War
- 1967–70 War of Attrition
- 1973 Yom Kippur War
- 1978 South Lebanon conflict
- 1982 First Lebanon War
- 1982–2000 South Lebanon conflict
- 1987–93 First Intifada
- 2000–04 Second Intifada
- 2006 Second Lebanon War
- 2008–09 Gaza War
- 2012 Operation Pillar of Defense
- 2014 Gaza War
Lebanon
- 1279–1213 BCE Campaigns and battles of Ramesses II
- 1200 BCE Amurru kingdom was destroyed by the Sea Peoples
- 1948–1949 Arab-Israeli War
- 1958 Lebanon Crisis
- 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War
- 1978 Hundred Days' War
- 1982–1985 Lebanon War
- 1983–1984 Mountain War
- 1985–1988 War of the Camps
- 1948-ongoing Israeli–Lebanese conflict
- 1985-2000 South Lebanon conflict
- 2006 2006 Lebanon War
- 2007 2007 Lebanon conflict
- 2008 2008 conflict in Lebanon
- 2010-2012 Arab Spring
- March 15, 2011 – ongoing Syrian Civil War
- 2011 – 2019 Spillover of the Syrian Civil War
- June 17, 2011 – 28 August 2017 Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon
- 2011 – 2019 Spillover of the Syrian Civil War
- March 15, 2011 – ongoing Syrian Civil War
Saudi Arabia
Muslim conquests
Rashidun Caliphate
- 656–661 First Fitna
Umayyad Caliphate
- 680–692 Second Fitna
- 743–750 Third Fitna
Abbasid Caliphate
- September 762 – February 763 Alid Revolt
First Saudi state
- 1746 Battle of Riyadh
- 1764 Battle of Al-Hayer
- 1789 Battle of ghrimeel
- 1793 Ibn Ufaisan's Invasion
- 1793 – 1798 Invasion of Qatar
- April 21 – 1802 or 1801 Invasion of Karbala
- 1811 Battle of Khakeekera
- Early 1811 – 1818 Ottoman–Saudi War
Second Saudi state
- 1821 – 1824 Rebellion against Egypt Eyalet
- 1865 – 1875 Royal Civil War
- 1870 – 1871 Al-Hasa Expedition
- 1883 Battle of Arwa
- 24 January 1891 Battle of Mulayda
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- 1902–1934 Unification of Saudi Arabia
- 13 January 1902 Battle of Riyadh (1902)
- 27 January 1903 Battle of Dilam
- 1903 – 1907 Saudi–Rashidi War (1903–1907)
- 1910 Battle of Hadia
- 1913 Conquest of al-Hasa (1913)
- 17 January 1915 Battle of Jarrab
- 1915 Battle of Kinzaan
- July 1918 – 4 July 1919 First Saudi–Hashemite War
- 1919 – 1920 Kuwait-Najd War
- 1921 Second Saudi–Rashidi War
- September 1924 – December 1925 Second Saudi-Hashemite War
- 1927 – 1930 Ikhwan Revolt
- 1934 Saudi–Yemeni War
- 1948–1949 1948 Arab–Israeli War
- 1962–1970 North Yemen Civil War
- 1969 Al-Wadiah War
- 1973 Yom Kippur War
- 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War
- 1979 Grand Mosque seizure
- 1979 1979 Qatif uprising
- 1979–1983, 2011–2020 Qatif conflict
- 1991 Gulf War
- 2009-2010 Operation Scorched Earth
- 2014-ongoing Military intervention against ISIL
- 2015-ongoing Yemeni Civil War
- 2017–2020 Qatif unrest
Syria
Chalcolithic period of Mesopotamia
- c. 3500 BCE Battle at Hamoukar
Akkadian Empire
- c. 2270–2215 BCE (Short chronology) Conquests of Sargon of Akkad
Hittite Empire
- c. 1282 BCE Capture of Kadesh
- Second Syrian campaign of Ramesses II
- Late May 1274 BCE Battle of Kadesh
Neo-Assyrian Empire
- 854–846 BCE Assyrian conquest of Aram
- 853 BCE Battle of Qarqar
Seleucid Empire
- 274–168 BCE Syrian Wars
- 274–271 BCE First Syrian War
- 260–253 BCE Second Syrian War
- 246–241 BCE Third Syrian War
- 219–217 BCE Fourth Syrian War
- 202–195 BCE Fifth Syrian War
- 170–168 BCE Sixth Syrian War
French Mandate of Syria
- 1920 Franco-Syrian War
- 1925–1927 Great Syrian Revolt
- 1945 Levant Crisis
Syrian Arab Republic
- 1967 Six-Day War
- 1973 Yom Kippur War
- 1979–1982 Islamist uprising in Syria
- March 15, 2011 – ongoing Syrian Civil War
- April 25 – May 5, 2011 Siege of Daraa
- May 6, 2011 – March 27, 2017 Siege of Homs
- May 7–14, 2011 Siege of Baniyas
Turkey
Hittite Empire
- 1650–1600 BCE Conquests of Hattusili I and Mursili I
- 1430–1350 BCE Kaska invasions of Hatti
- 1260–1240 BCE Trojan War
Kingdom of Diaokhi
- 1112 BCE Diaokhi–Assyrian War
- 756–741 BCE Diaokhi–Urartian War
- 729–722 BCE Colchian–Cimmerian War
Lydian Empire
- May 28, 585 BCE Battle of Halys
Achaemenid Empire
- 547 BCE Siege of Sardis
- 499–449 BCE Greco-Persian Wars
- 499–493 BCE Ionian Revolt
- 492–490 BCE First Persian invasion of Greece
- 480–478 BCE Second Persian invasion of Greece
- August 27, 479 BCE Battle of Mycale
- 477–449 BCE Wars of the Delian League
- 466 BCE or 469 BCE Battle of the Eurymedon
Macedonian Empire
- 335–323 BCE Wars of Alexander the Great
- May 334 BCE Battle of the Granicus
- 334 BCE Siege of Miletus
- 334 BCE Siege of Halicarnassus
- November 5, 333 BCE Battle of Issus
Seleucid Empire
- 322–275 BCE Wars of the Diadochi
- 238–129 BCE Seleucid–Parthian wars
Roman Republic
- 192–188 BCE Roman–Syrian War
- 92 BCE – 629 CE Roman-Persian Wars
- June 8, 218 CE Battle of Antioch
- 260 Battle of Edessa
- 344 Siege of Singara
- 359 Siege of Amida
Kingdom of Pontus
- 88–63 BCE Mithridatic Wars
- 88–84 BCE First Mithridatic War
- 83–81 BCE Second Mithridatic War
- 82 BCE Battle of Halys
- 75–63 BCE Third Mithridatic War
Roman Empire
- 66–217 Roman-Parthian Wars
- June 53 BCE Battle of Carrhae
- 39 BCE Battle of the Cilician Gates
- 39 BCE Battle of Amanus Pass
Byzantine Empire
- 421–628 Byzantine–Sasanian wars
- 421–422 Roman–Sasanian War
- 502–506 Anastasian War
- 526–532 Iberian War
- 572–591 Roman–Persian War
- 602–628 Byzantine–Sasanian War
- 610 Antioch riots
- 613 Battle of Antioch
- 610–628 Jewish revolt against Heraclius
- 615 Shahin's invasion of Asia Minor
- 622 Heraclius' campaign
- 602–628 Byzantine assault on Persia
- 626 Siege of Constantinople
- 627–629 Third Perso-Turkic War
- 629–1050s Arab–Byzantine wars
- 674–678 Siege of Constantinople
- 717–718 Siege of Constantinople
- 804–805 Battle of Krasos
- 838 Battle of Anzen
- 838 Sack of Amorium
- 863 Battle of Lalakaon
- John Kourkouas' campaigns
- Sayf al-Dawla campaigns
- 944 Conquest of Aleppo
- 953 Battle of Marash
- 962 Siege of Aleppo
Seljuq Empire
- 1048–1308 Byzantine–Seljuq wars
- August 26, 1071 Battle of Manzikert
- 1090–1194 Nizari–Seljuk conflicts
Sultanate of Rum
- 1095–1099 First Crusade
- July 1, 1097 Battle of Dorylaeum
- 1145–1149 Second Crusade
- October 25, 1147 Battle of Dorylaeum
- 1048–1308 Byzantine–Seljuq wars
- September 17, 1176 Battle of Myriokephalon
- 1207 Siege of Antalya
- 1203 Siege of Constantinople
- 1204 Siege of Constantinople
Latin Empire
- 1204–1261 Bulgarian–Latin wars
- Nicaean–Latin Wars
Ottoman Empire
- 1265–1479 Byzantine–Ottoman Wars
- 1265–1328 Rise of the Ottomans
- 1328–1341 Byzantium counter
- 1331 Siege of Nicaea
- 1333–1337 Siege of Nicomedia
- 1341–1371 Balkan invasion and civil war
- 1371–1394 Byzantine civil war and vassalage
- 1394–1424 Resumption of hostilities
- 1424–1453 Ottoman campaign on Constantinopolis
- April 6, 1453 – May 29, 1453 Fall of Constantinople
- 1893 Battle of Al Wajbah
- 1893–1908 Macedonian Struggle
- 1894 1894 Sasun rebellion
- 1894–1897 Hamidian massacres
- 1895–1896 Zeitun rebellion (1895–96)
- 1897 Greco-Turkish War (1897)
- 1903 Theriso revolt
- 1903 Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
- 1904 1904 Sasun uprising
- 1905 Shoubak revolt of 1905
- 1906 Ottoman invasion of Persia (1906)
- 1908 Young Turk Revolution
- 1909 31 March Incident
- 1909–1910 Hauran Druze Rebellion
- 1910 Albanian revolt of 1910
- 1910 Karak revolt
- 1911 Albanian revolt of 1911
- 1911–1912 Italo-Turkish War
- 1912 Albanian revolt of 1912
- 1912–1913 Balkan Wars
- 1912–1913 First Balkan War
- 1912 Battle of Kumanovo
- 1912 Battle of Prilep
- 1912 Battle of Monastir
- 1912–1913 Siege of Adrianople
- 1912–1913 Siege of Scutari
- 1913 Second Balkan War
- 1912–1913 First Balkan War
- 1914–1918 World War I
- 1914–1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- 1914–1918 Caucasus campaign
- 1914–1918 Mesopotamian campaign
- 1914–1918 South Arabia during World War I
- 1914–1918 Persian Campaign
- 1915–1918 Sinai and Palestine campaign
- 1915–1916 Gallipoli campaign
- 1916–1918 Arab Revolt
- 1914–1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
- 1919–1923 Turkish War of Independence
- 1918–1922 Franco-Turkish War
- 1919–1922 Greco-Turkish War
- 1919–1920 [Revolt of Ahmet Anzavur]
- 1920 Turkish-Armenian War
- 1920 Battle of Geyve
- 1920 Konya rebellion
Republic of Turkey
- 1921 Kurdish rebellions in Turkey
- 1921 Koçgiri rebellion
- 1924 Beytussebab rebellion
- 1925 Sheikh Said rebellion
- 1927–1930 Ararat rebellion
- 1937–1938 Dersim rebellion
- 1978-ongoing Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)
- 1990-ongoing Serhildan
- 2015-ongoing Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–present)
- 1960 1960 Turkish coup d'état
- 1962 February 22, 1962 uprising
- 1963 May 20, 1963 uprising
- 1969 20 May 1969 coup attempt
- 1971 1971 Turkish military memorandum
- 1963–1964 Cypriot intercommunal violence
- 1972-ongoing Maoist insurgency in Turkey
- 1990-present DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey
- 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus
- 1980 1980 Turkish coup d'état
- 1997 1997 Turkish military memorandum
- 1993-ongoing Turkish government–Gülen movement conflict
- 2013 Gezi Park protests
- 2016 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt
- 2016-ongoing Purges in Turkey (2016–present)
