List of wars involving Lebanon

This is a list of wars involving Lebanon.

War	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	Casualites
Battle of Amioun	Maronites Mardaites	Byzantine Empire	Maronite victory The first Maronite state is established	Unknown
Mount Lebanon revolts of 752 and 759	Mardaites Maronites Melkites Byzantine Empire	Abbasid Caliphate Tanukhids Lakhmids	Abbasid victory Christian inhabitants of parts of interior and coastal Lebanon expelled and replaced with Arab tribes Maronites become centralized around Northern Mount Lebanon	Unknown
Kisrawan campaigns (1292–1305)	Mamluk Sultanate Buhturids	Twelver Shia Alawite Ismaili Druze Maronite mountaineers of Kisrawan	Mamluk victory	Unknown
Battle of Anjar	Ottoman Empire	Mount Lebanon Emirate Supported by: Grand Duchy of Tuscany	Lebanese strategic victory Mount Lebanon remained semi-autonomous Territory of Mount Lebanon Emirate at its greatest extent Occupied cities subjected to taxes Fakhr-al-Din II invades and controls Ottoman territory Fakhr-al-Din II captures Mustafa Pasha Beylerbey confirms the Ma'ns' governorships	Unknown
1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus	Maronites and allies Rural Maronite militiamen Zahalni militiamen Shihab dynasty Supported by: French expeditionary forces	Rural Druze clans Abu Nakad clan Imad clan Talhuq clan Jumblatt clan Supported by: al-Atrash clan Harfush clan Rural Sunni and Shia Muslim militiamen Sardiyah tribe	Initial Druze military victory Massacres of Christians in Mount Lebanon and Damascus French military intervention	* Mount Lebanon: 12,000 Christians and Druze fighters and civilians killed (10,000 of which Christians) [1] [2] [3] Damascus: 12,000 people, mostly Christian civilians, killed [1]
Syria–Lebanon campaign (1941)	United Kingdom India Assyrian levies Mandatory Palestine Palmach Transjordan Australia Free French Czechoslovakia	Vichy France Syria Lebanon Supported by: Germany	Allied victory Syria and Lebanon taken over by Free France
First Arab–Israeli War (1948–1949)	Arab League :   Egypt [4] All-Palestine Protectorate [a] Holy War Army [a] Transjordan [4]   Iraq [4] Syria [4] Lebanon [b] Saudi Arabia [6]   Yemen [7] Irregulars: Arab Liberation Army Al-Najjada Holy War Army	Israel Before 26 May 1948: Yishuv Paramilitary groups: Haganah Palmach Hish Him Irgun Lehi Allied Bedouin tribes [8] [9] After 26 May 1948: Israel Defense Forces Minorities Unit Foreign volunteers: Mahal	Defeat(limited involvement) Establishment of the State of Israel, Jordanian annexation of the West Bank, Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight Beginning of the Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
Lebanon Crisis (1958)	Government Lebanese Armed Forces Kataeb Party Syrian Social Nationalist Party ARF Supported by: United States	Opposition Najjadeh Party Progressive Socialist Party Lebanese Communist Party Al-Mourabitoun Supported by: United Arab Republic	Inconclusive Reconciliation Government formed
Coup d'état attempt (1961) Lebanese Government Lebanese Armed Forces SSNP-L	Lebanese Government victory Coup attempt fails	Unknown
Six-Day War (1967)	Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq [10] Minor involvement: Lebanon [11]	Israel	Defeat(Minor involvement) Israel occupies a total of 70,000 km2 (27,000 sq mi) of territory: [12] The Golan Heights from Syria The West Bank including East Jerusalem from Jordan The Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt [13] [14]	1 aircraft lost
Insurgency in South Lebanon (1968–1982) Israel Free Lebanon SLA Lebanese Front	PLO Syria LNM Supported by: Soviet Union [15]	Israeli and Lebanese victory Expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization from Lebanese territory to Tunisia, after Israel's invasion of Lebanon in 1982 Beginning of the South Lebanon conflict in 1985 Syrian occupation of Lebanon (1976–2005) Israeli occupation of Lebanon (1985–2000)	Unknown
Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990)	LF Syria Tigers Militia ALZ Israel SLA United States France Italy United Kingdom	LNM LNRF Amal LCP SSNP PLO Hezbollah Al-Tawhid Syria PLA ADF	Taif Agreement Christian 6:5 ascendancy replaced by 1:1 representation Defeat of PLO and LNM, peace agreement between other internal militias Syrian occupation of Lebanon and the Israeli Security Zone	120,000-150,000
South Lebanon Conflict (1985–2000)	Hezbollah Amal Lebanese Communist Party Jammoul PFLP–GC	Israel South Lebanon Army	Hezbollah-led victory [16] Collapse of the SLA and its provisional government [17] Israeli withdrawal and end of its occupation of Southern Lebanon	270
Shebaa Farms conflict (2000–2006)	Hezbollah	Israel	Inconclusive Ended with the 2006 Lebanon War Israel continues to control the Shebaa Farms	15 (2 officials assassinated, and 1 wounded)
July War (2006)	Hezbollah Allies: Amal Popular Guard [18] PFLP-GC [19] Iran ( Ynet report) [20] ICU (U.N. report) [21] [22]	Israel	Inconclusive The LAF introduced into South Lebanon	1,191
Fatah al-Islam Rebellion (2007)	Lebanese Armed Forces Internal Security Forces Supported by: United States	Fatah al-Islam Jund al-Sham	Lebanese victory Defeat of the militants	Northern: 168-179 Southern: 2 Civilian: 55 (in the fighting) 12 (in the bombings)
May clashes (2008)	March 14 Alliance Future Movement Progressive Socialist Party	March 8 Alliance Hezbollah Amal Movement LDP SSNP Arab Democratic Party	Doha Agreement (2008)	70-110
Israel–Lebanon border clash (2010)	Lebanon	Israel	Ceasefire Withdrawal of both armies	2 1 (journalist)
Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon (2011–2017)	Lebanon Lebanese Armed Forces Internal Security Forces Support: Australia [23] Canada [24] China [25] Cyprus [26] Czech Republic [27] Egypt [28] France [29] Germany [30] Iran [31] Italy [32] Jordan [33] Netherlands [34] Russia [35] Saudi Arabia [29] South Korea [36] Spain [37] Turkey [38] United Kingdom [39] [40] United States Pro-Assad militant groups: Hezbollah Lebanese Resistance Brigades [41] PFLP-GC [42] Amal Movement [43] Syrian Social Nationalist Party [44] DFLP [45] Popular Nasserist Organization [46] As-Sa'iqa [47] Fatah al-Intifada [48] Arab Democratic Party (until 2014) [49] Armenian Revolutionary Federation [50] Arab Movement Party [51] Support: Ba'athist Syria [52] Iran [53] Russia [54] Other militias: Lebanese Communist Party [55] Fatah [56] [57]	Syrian rebel forces: Free Syrian Army [58] Saraya Ahl al-Sham   [59] Islamic Front (until 2015) [60] Jaysh al-Islam [61] Future Movement [41] Support: Saudi Arabia [62]	Al-Qaeda and allies: Al-Nusra Front [a] [63] Fatah al-Islam [64] Ghuraba al-Sham (until 2013) Jund al-Sham [65] Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham   [66] Abdullah Azzam Brigades [67] [68] Osbat al-Ansar [69] Sunni Resistance Committees [70] Muslim Youth Islamic State   (from 2013) Military of ISIL Free Sunnis of Baalbek Brigade [71]	Victory Islamist groups expelled from Lebanon	61 (soldiers) 60 (servicemen)
Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–ongoing)	Hezbollah [72] Allies: Amal [73] Islamic Group [74] SSNP-L Hamas [75] PIJ [76] Popular Resistance Committees [77]   Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine [78] Islamic Resistance in Iraq Houthi movement [79]   Iran   Syria (until 2024) Islamic Azz Brigades [72]	Israel	Israeli victory [80] 2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement Israel maintains an occupation force in parts of Southern Lebanon	4,047

Other armed conflicts involving Lebanon

• 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon
• 1973 Israeli raid in Lebanon
• Hundred Days' War (part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• 1978 South Lebanon conflict (also known as Operation Litani, part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• Battle of Zahleh (part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• Mountain War (part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• War of the Camps (part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• 1982 Lebanon War (part of the Lebanese Civil War)
• Cedar Revolution 2005 (Attacks linked to the Cedar Revolution)
• 17 October Revolution
• 2023 Ain al-Hilweh clashes

Notes

1. After 22 September 1948
2. Lebanon had decided to not participate in the war and only took part in the battle of al-Malikiya on 5–6 June 1948. ^[5]

References

1. Fawaz, 1994, p. 226.
2. Fawaz, Leila Tarazi (1995). Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860 (illustrated ed.). I.B.Tauris & Company. p. 320. ISBN   978-1-86064-028-5.
3. "Lebanon – Religious Conflicts". 2016-11-03. Archived from the original on 2016-11-03. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
4. Oren 2003, p. 5.
5. Morris (2008), p. 260.
6. Gelber, pp. 55, 200, 239
7. Morris, Benny (2008), 1948: The First Arab-Israeli War, Yale University Press, p. 205, New Haven, ISBN   978-0-300-12696-9.
8. Palestine Post, "Israel's Bedouin Warriors", Gene Dison, August 12, 1948
9. AFP (24 April 2013). "Bedouin army trackers scale Israel social ladder". Al Arabiya English. Al Arabiya. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
10. Krauthammer, Charles (18 May 2007). "Prelude to the Six Days". The Washington Post. p. A23. ISSN   0740-5421. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2008.
11. Oren, Michael B. (2002). Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East . Oxford University Press. p. 237. ISBN   978-0-19-515174-9.
12. Arnold, Guy (2016). Wars in the Third World Since 1945. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 299. ISBN   978-1-4742-9101-9.
13. "Milestones: 1961–1968". Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018. Between June 5 and June 10, Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan, and Syria and occupied the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights
14. Weill, Sharon (2007). "The judicial arm of the occupation: the Israeli military courts in the occupied territories". International Review of the Red Cross. 89 (866): 401. doi:10.1017/s1816383107001142. ISSN   1816-3831. S2CID   55988443. On 7 June 1967, the day the occupation started, Military Proclamation No. 2 was issued, endowing the area commander with full legislative, executive, and judicial authorities over the West Bank and declaring that the law in force prior to the occupation remained in force as long as it did not contradict new military orders.
15. Golan, The Soviet Union and the Palestine Liberation Organization, pp. 35–36.
16. References:
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17. • "Land for Peace Timeline". Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre. 2006. Archived from the original on 22 December 2010. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
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18. Herbert Docena (17 August 2006). "Amid the bombs, unity is forged". Asia Times . Archived from the original on 31 August 2006. Retrieved 25 November 2011. The LCP ... has itself been very close to Hezbollah and fought alongside it in the frontlines in the south. According to Hadadeh, at least 12 LCP members and supporters died in the fighting.
19. "PFLP claims losses in IDF strike on Lebanon base". The Jerusalem Post . Associated Press. 6 August 2006. Archived from the original on 3 February 2012.
20. Klein, Aaron (27 July 2006). "Iranian soldiers join Hizbullah in fighting". Ynet. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
21. Worth, Robert F. (2006-11-15). "U.N. Says Somalis Helped Hezbollah Fighters". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-10-26. More than 700 Islamic militants from Somalia traveled to Lebanon in July to fight alongside Hezbollah in its war against Israel, a United Nations report says. The militia in Lebanon returned the favor by providing training and — through its patrons Iran and Syria — weapons to the Islamic alliance struggling for control of Somalia, it adds.
22. "Report: Over 700 Somalis fought with Hizbullah". The Jerusalem Post . 2006-11-15. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
23. "Australia grants Lebanese Army helicopter parts". The Daily Star . 2 February 2016. Archived from the original on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
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30. Joseph A. Kechichian Senior Writer. "Aid packages reaffirm importance of Lebanese army". GulfNews. Archived from the original on 30 May 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
31. Naylor, Hugh (4 November 2014). "Rivals Tehran, Riyadh pledge billions to Lebanon's army". Washington Post . Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
32. "Italy donates spare equipment, parts to Lebanese Army". Lebanese Examiner. 14 February 2015. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
33. "Jordan sends military aid to Lebanon: Army". Al-Ahram . 24 February 2015. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
34. "Dutch support for Lebanon in the fight against armed extremism". 3 October 2014. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
35. "Machnouk discusses security cooperation in Russia". The Daily Star. 20 September 2014. Archived from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
36. "China, S.Korea, Jordan offer to help equip Lebanese Army". The Daily Star Newspaper – Lebanon. Archived from the original on 13 June 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
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39. "The British watchtowers beating back jihadists". The Telegraph. 30 November 2014. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
40. "Islamic State crisis: UK gives £20m to keep Lebanon safe". BBC. 1 December 2014. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
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45. "Double displacement: Palestinians flee violence in Syria, then Lebanon". The Electronic Intifada . 3 September 2015. Archived from the original on 24 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
46. "Gunfight in Sidon between Assir and local rivals wounds five". The Daily Star. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 23 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
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48. "Palestinian commander shot dead in refugee camp". Al-Araby Al-Jadeed . 28 January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
49. Kullab, Samya. "Jabal Mohsen leaderless and exposed, locals say". The Daily Star . Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
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58. "FSA 'Arsal Commander' Shot Dead in Town's Square". Naharnet . 14 August 2015. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
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69. Abu Amer, Adnan (15 June 2015). "Hamas working to lower tensions in Lebanese camps". Al-Monitor . Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
70. ""Sunni Resistance Committees in Lebanon" Releases Video on Arsal Attack". SITE Intelligence Group . 16 October 2015. Archived from the original on 4 August 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
71. "Free Sunnis of Baalbek Brigade pledges allegiance to IS caliphate". Ya Libnan . 30 June 2014. Archived from the original on 24 February 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
72. "Iran Update, January 14, 2024". Institute for the Study of War . Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
73. Ari, Lior Ben (2024-02-08). "Lebanese Amal movement opposed to Israel but otherwise independent". Ynetnews . Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
74. Nada Homsi (31 October 2023). "'We're with the resistance': Hezbollah allies the Fajr Forces join Lebanon–Israel front". The National . Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
75. "Hamas says 3 members who infiltrated Israel from Lebanon were killed in IAF strike". The Times of Israel . 14 October 2023. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
76. Fabian, Emanuel (9 October 2023). "Officer, 2 soldiers killed in clash with terrorists on Lebanon border; mortars fired". The Times of Israel . Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
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80. • "Israel's Victory in Lebanon". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 2025-04-10. Israel's victory and Hezbollah's defeat have drastically changed the security landscape in the Middle East by limiting Hezbollah's ability to deter Israel. Though Israel has won this round of conflict in Lebanon, Hezbollah will almost certainly begin reconstituting its forces and likely try re-entrenching itself in southern Lebanon at some point.
    • Morgan, Harrison (2025-02-27). "Hezbollah's Defeat and Hamas's Dogged Resistance: Israel's Two-Front War and the Perils of Prewar Assumptions - Modern War Institute". mwi.westpoint.edu. Retrieved 2025-04-10. Hezbollah, by contrast, faced unrelenting Israeli airpower without interruption, accelerating its defeat.
    • "95 coffins, countless wounds: Lebanon grapples with Hezbollah's 'victory' over Israel". Los Angeles Times. 2025-03-11. Retrieved 2025-04-10. But the militant group now has to contend with an aftermath that for many Lebanese, including some Hezbollah partisans, looks very much like defeat.
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