List of wars involving Afghanistan

Last updated

This is a list of wars involving Afghanistan.

ConflictAfghanistan
and allies
OpponentsResultsDetails
Hotaki dynasty (1709–1738)
Battle of Gulnabad
(1722)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire Victory
Siege of Isfahan
(1722)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire VictoryAbdication of Sultan Husayn, Mahmud Hotak declared Shah of Iran
Ottoman–Hotaki War
(1726–1727)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Fictitious Ottoman flag 3.svg Ottoman Empire Treaty of Hamedan
Battle of Damghan
(1729)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire Defeat
Battle of Khwar Pass
(1729)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire DefeatFailure of attempted Ambush on Safavid forces
Battle of Murche-Khort
(1729)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire DefeatSafavid liberation of Isfahan
Battle of Zarghan
(1730)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire DefeatAfghans Expulsed from Persia
Herat Campaign of 1731
(1731-1732)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg Afsharid dynasty DefeatEnd of the Sadozai Sultanate of Herat
Siege of Kandahar
(1737-1738)
Black flag.svg Hotaki dynasty Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg Afsharid dynasty DefeatEnd of the Hotak Dynasty
Sadozai Sultanate of Herat (1716–1732)
Battle of Sangan
(1727)
Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire Defeat
Herat Campaign of 1729
(1729)
Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire Defeat
Battle of Kafer Qal'eh
(1729)
Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire Defeat
Herat Campaign of 1731
(1731-1732)
Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Safavid Flag.svg Safavid Empire DefeatEnd of the Sadozai Sultanate of Herat
Durrani Empire (1747–1823)

Battle of Lahore (1748)
(1748)

Durrani Empire

Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire

Victory

Battle of Manupur
(1748)

Durrani Empire

Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire

Defeat

Battle of Lahore
(1752)

Durrani Empire

Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire

Victory
Sack of Delhi (1757)
(1757)
Durrani Empire Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire Victory
Battle of Bharatpur
(1757)
Durrani Empire Flag of Bharatpur1.png Kingdom of Bharatpur Defeat

Battle of Narela
(1757)

Durrani Empire

Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire

Victory

Battle of Attock
(1758)

Durrani Empire Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Defeat

Capture of Peshawar (1758)
(1758)

Durrani Empire

Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire

Defeat
Battle of Lahore
(1759)
Durrani Empire Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Defeat

Battle of Taraori (1759)
(1759)

Durrani Empire

Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire
Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire

Victory
Battle of Barari Ghat
(1760)
Durrani Empire
Flag of the Rampur State.svg Rohilla Afghans
Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Victory
Battle of Sikandarabad
(1760)
Durrani Empire
Flag of the Rampur State.svg Rohilla Afghans
Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Victory
Samalkha (1760)
(1760)
Durrani Empire Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Victory
Meerut (1760)
(1760)
Durrani Empire Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Victory
Third Battle of Panipat
(1761)
Durrani Empire Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg  Maratha Empire Victory
Battle of Nimla (1809)
(1809)
Durrani Empire Coalition of Shah MahmudCoalition victory Mahmud Shah Durrani ascends the throne again in his second reign until his eventual deposition in 1818.
Battle of Kafir Qala
(1818)
Durrani Empire Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg  Qajar dynasty Inconclusive
Afghan-Sikh Wars
(1748-1819)
Durrani Empire Sikh Empire Flag.png Sikh Empire Rise and fall of the Afghans, rise of the Sikhs.
Emirate of Herat (1793–1863)
Siege of Herat
(1837–1838)
Flag of the Emirate of Herat.svg Emirate of Herat Flag of Persia (1910-1925).svg  Qajar dynasty Victory
Herat campaign (1862-1863)
(1862–1863)
Flag of the Emirate of Herat.svg Emirate of Herat Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Afghanistan Defeat Afghanistan annexes the Emirate of Herat.
Emirate of Kabul (1823-1855) Emirate of Afghanistan (1855-1926)
Afghan–Sikh Wars
(1819-1837)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Kabul Sikh Empire Flag.png Sikh Empire Inconclusive
Dost Mohammad's Campaign to Jalalabad (1834)
(1834)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Kabul Amirs of Jalalabad
Kunar
Mohmand tribe
Victory
Expedition of Shuja ul-Mulk
(1834)
Principality of Qandahar
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Kabul
Shah Shuja's forces
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  British Empire
Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg East India Company
Sikh Empire Flag.png Sikh Empire
Victory
First Anglo-Afghan War
(1839–1842)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Kabul Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Empire Victory
Khost rebellion (1856–1857)
(1856–1857)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Afghanistan Rebel tribes Government victoryRebellion suppressed
Second Anglo-Afghan War
(1878–1880)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Afghanistan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Empire Defeat
  • Treaty of Gandamak
  • British Strategic Victory, after achieving most desired goals (controlling Afghanistan’s foreign policy on the condition of subsidies paid to the Afghans, North-West Frontier province annexed to British India).
  • Afghan Tactical Victory, after achieving the prevention of a British residence in Kabul and British military withdrawal.
Panjdeh incident
(1885)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Afghanistan Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire Defeat
  • Russians defeated an outnumbered Afghan detachment on the border; Afghanistan are handing over a small territory on the border where the Russians are building the fortress "Kushka"
1888–1893 Hazara uprisings
(1888–1893)
Flag of Afghanistan pre-1901.svg Emirate of Afghanistan Hazara people Afghan victoryKilling and displacement of 60% of the Hazara people's population including 35,000 families that fled to northern Afghanistan, Mashhad (Qajar Iran) and Quetta [1]
Khost rebellion (1912)
(1912)
Flag of Afghanistan (1901-1919).svg  Emirate of Afghanistan Rebel tribes Government victoryRebellion suppressed
Third Anglo-Afghan War
(1919)
Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Afghanistan Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Empire Inconclusive
  • Treaty of Rawalpindi
  • Afghan diplomatic victory
  • British tactical victory
  • British strategic victory with the reaffirmation of the Durand Line as a border
  • Afghan independence with full sovereignty in foreign affairs
Alizai rebellion of 1923
(1923)
Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Afghanistan Rebel tribes Government victoryRebellion suppressed
Khost rebellion
(1924–1925)
Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Afghanistan Mangal, Sulaiman Khel and Ali Khel tribesmenGovernment victoryRebellion suppressed
Saqqawist low-level insurgency (1924–1928) Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists Escalated into civil war
Urtatagai conflict
(1925–1926)
Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Afghanistan Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union Peace treaty
  • Afghanistan is obligated to restrain Basmachi border raids
  • Soviet Union captures, then cedes back Urtatagai
Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1973)
First Afghan Civil War
(1928–1929)
Flag of Afghanistan (1928-1929).svg Amānullāh Khān (Until 14 January 1929)
Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1921).svg Inayatullah Khan (14-17 January 1929)
Flag of Ali Ahmad Khan's rebellion against Habibullah Kalakani (defaked svg-version).svg Ali Ahmad Khan (17 January – 9 February 1929)
Various anti-Saqqawist tribes
Flag of Afghanistan (1929-1931).svg Mohammed Nādir Khān (March–October 1929)
Intervening against Basmachi:

Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union [2]

Shinwari tribesmen (14 November–December 1928)
Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists (late November 1928 onwards)

In cooperation with:

Bandera del Turquestan.svg Basmachi (1929)

Anti-Saqqawist victory,
Double regime change
  • Overthrow of Amanullah Khan by Habibullāh Kalakāni, followed by the overthrow of Habibullāh Kalakāni by Mohammed Nadir Shah.
Shinwari rebellion
(1930)
Flag of Afghanistan (1929-1931).svg Kingdom of Afghanistan Shinwari tribesmen Government victoryRebellion suppressed
Kuhistan rebellion
(1930)
Flag of Afghanistan (1929-1931).svg Kingdom of Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists Government victoryRebellion suppressed
Battle of Herat [3]

(1931)

Flag of Afghanistan (1929-1931).svg Kingdom of Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg Saqqawists Government victorySaqqawists wiped out
Afghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947
(1944–1947)
Flag of Afghanistan (1929-1931).svg Kingdom of Afghanistan Rebel tribes: Government victoryRebellions suppressed
1945 Hazara Rebellion
(1945–1946)
Flag of Afghanistan (1931-1973).svg  Kingdom of Afghanistan Hazara rebels under Ebrāhim BegGovernment victoryRebellion suppressed
Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)
Panjshir Valley uprising
(1975)
Republic of Afghanistan Jamiat-e-Islami VictoryUprising suppressed
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978–1987)
Saur Revolution
(1978)
Flag of Afghanistan (1974-1978).svg  Republic of Afghanistan Flag of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan.svg People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan DefeatPDPA victory
Soviet–Afghan War
(1979–1989)
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union
Flag of Afghanistan (1980-1987).svg Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Flag of Jihad.svg Mujahideen Defeat
  • Geneva Accords
  • Withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan
  • Afghan Civil War continues
Republic of Afghanistan (1987–1992)
Second Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)
(1989–1992)
Flag of Afghanistan (1987-1992).svg Republic of Afghanistan Flag of Jihad.svg Mujahideen Mujahideen victory
Islamic State of Afghanistan (1992–2001)
Third Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)
(1992–1996)
Flag of Afghanistan (1992-2001).svg Islamic State of Afghanistan Flag of Taliban (original).svg Taliban
Flag of al-Qaeda.svg Al-Qaeda
Regime change
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
Fourth Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)
(1996–2001)
Flag of the Taliban.svg Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

Flag of al-Qaeda.svg Al-Qaeda

Flag of Afghanistan (1992-2001).svg Islamic State of Afghanistan Stalemate
  • Stalemate with varying fronts between the Taliban and Massoud's forces (United Front)
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2001–2021)
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
(2001–2021)
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan
Flag of al-Qaeda.svg Al-Qaeda
Flag of al-Qaeda.svg 055 Brigade
Flag of Jihad.svg Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
Flag of Turkistan Islamic Party.svg East Turkistan Islamic Party
Tnsm-flag.svg Tanzeem-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
Flag of the United States.svg  United States
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Afghanistan (1992-2001).svg Northern Alliance
Defeat (Phase 1)
Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg  Afghanistan
Flag of the International Security Assistance Force.svg ISAF
Flag of the Taliban.svg Taliban

Flag of al-Qaeda.svg Al-Qaeda


Flag of Jihad.svg Fidai Mahaz
Flag of Jihad.svg Mullah Dadullah Front

Taliban victory (Phase 2)
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (2021–present)
Islamic State–Taliban conflict
(2014–present)
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

Flag of Jihad.svg Al-Qaeda (denied)

Flag of the United States.svg  United States (limited)

Flag of Iran.svg  Iran (allegedly)

Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan (allegedly)

Flag of Russia.svg  Russia (allegedly)

Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg  Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (allegedly)

Islamic State flag.svg Islamic State

Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg  Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (allegedly)

Ongoing
Republican insurgency in Afghanistan
(2021–present)
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg  Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ongoing

References

  1. دلجو, عباس (2014). تاریخ باستانی هزاره ها. کابل: انتشارات امیری. ISBN   9936801504.
  2. Ritter, William S. (1990). "Revolt in the Mountains: Fuzail Maksum and the Occupation of Garm, Spring 1929". Journal of Contemporary History. 25 (4): 547–580. doi:10.1177/002200949002500408. ISSN   0022-0094. JSTOR   260761.
  3. "MOḤAMMAD NĀDER SHAH – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2019-04-23.