Chamba State

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Chamba State
चम्बा रियासत
~550 [1] –1948
Drapeau Chamba.png
Flag
Chamba State Coat of Arms.png
Coat of arms
Chamba Kangra Bilaspur Mandi Kulu 1911.jpeg
1911 map of the Princely States of the Shimla Hills showing the boundaries of Chamba State.
Capital Chamba
History 
 Established
~550 [2]
1948
Area
18928,329 km2 (3,216 sq mi)
Population
 1892
115,773
Succeeded by
India Flag of India.svg
Today part of Himachal Pradesh, India
early 18th century Chamba princess Princess with a Hawk LACMA M.76.2.36.jpg
early 18th century Chamba princess
Gopal Singh, Raja of Chamba (ruled 1870-1873) Gopal Singh, Raja of Chamba (ruled 1870-1873)..jpg
Gopal Singh, Raja of Chamba (ruled 1870–1873)

Chamba State [3] was one of the oldest princely states in present-day Republic of India, having been founded during the late 6th century. It was part of the States of the Punjab Hills of the Punjab Province in India from 1859 to 1947. Its last ruler signed the instrument of accession to the Indian Union of 15 April 1948.

Contents

Geography

Detail of the main, continuous tract of territory of Chamba State from a map of the various Hill States of the Punjab Hills region, copied in 1852. Detail of the main, continuous tract of territory of Chamba State from a map of the various Hill States of the Punjab Hills region, copied in 1852.jpg
Detail of the main, continuous tract of territory of Chamba State from a map of the various Hill States of the Punjab Hills region, copied in 1852.

Chamba is situated in the bosom of the Himalaya Mountains, and its boundaries are on the northwest, west, and northeast by Kishtwar and Doda district of Jammu region; on the east, Lahaul; and on the southeast and south, the districts of Kangra and Gurdaspur.

The Ravi River flows through this district, and many hydroelectric generating stations have been developed here.

History

According to tradition, the ancient name of Chamba was Champa, and its predecessor state was known as Brahmpur. This site later became Bharmour around 550 AD when Raja Maru Verman came from Kalpagram to the Chamba Hills. Around 920 CE, the capital was shifted from Bharmour to present day Chamba Town. The rulers of Chamba State patronized artists of the Pahari painting style. [4] Between 1809 and 1846 Chamba was tributary to Jammu. In 1821, Chamba annexed Bhadrawah State. On 9 Mar 1846, Chamba State became a British protectorate. [5]

Rulers

The rulers of Chamba princely state belonged to the Suryavanshi Mushana(मूषाण) Rajput Dynasty. [6]

Rajas

Raja Shahil Verman, around 920 AD, shifted his capital from Bharmaur to present-day Chamba Town. It is believed that King Shahil Varman ruled until 940 AD. From then onwards the State of Chamba continued to be ruled by different kings of the Mushana Rajput Dynasty from their capital at Champavati, which later came to be known as Chamba. Following are some of more famous kings of Chamba in Himachal Pradesh:

The Akhand Chandi palace in Chamba town. This erstwhile palace of the rulers of Chamba state is presently used as a government college. Old Palace of Chamba (6132621207).jpg
The Akhand Chandi palace in Chamba town. This erstwhile palace of the rulers of Chamba state is presently used as a government college.
Rajas of Chamba State
RulerTimeline
Raja Maru~550 AD
Raja JaistambhAfter Maru’s death
Raja Shahil VarmanBeginning of 10th century AD
Raja Yugakar VermanAfter 940 AD
Raja Vidagdha VermanAfter Yugakar Verman
Raja Dodaka VermanAfter Vidagdha Verman
Raja Vichitra VermanAfter Dodaka Verman
Raja Dhariya VermanAfter Vichitra Verman
Raja Salavahana VermanAfter Dhariya Verman
Raja Soma VarmanAfter Salavahana Verman
Raja Asata VarmanAfter Soma Varman
Raja Jasata VermanAfter Asata Varman
Raja Dhala VermanAfter Jasata Verman
Raja Udayan VarmanAfter Dhala Verman
Raja Anand VermanAfter Udayan Varman
Raja Ganesa VermanAfter Anand Verman
Raja Pratap Singh Verman1559 to 1586
Raja Vir Vahnu Verman1586 to 1589
Raja Balbhadra Verman1589 to 1641
Raja Prithvi Raj Singh1641 to 1664
Raja Udai Singh1694 to 1720
Raja Ugar Singh1720 to 1735
Raja Dalel Singh1735 to 1748
Raja Umed Singh1748 to 1764
Raja Raj Singh1764 to 1794
Raja Jit Singh1794 to 1808

Demographics

Religious groups in Chamba State (British Punjab province era)
Religious
group
1901 [7] 1911 [8] [9] 1921 [10] 1931 [11] 1941 [12]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
Hinduism Om.svg [lower-alpha 1] 119,327126,269130,489135,254155,910
Islam Star and Crescent.svg 8,3328,75010,52910,83912,318
Sikhism Khanda.svg 80141242112107
Christianity Christian cross.svg 70816394190
Buddhism Dharma Wheel (2).svg 22627541568383
Jainism Jain Prateek Chihna.svg 35330
Zoroastrianism Faravahar.svg 00000
Judaism Star of David.svg 00000
Others00000
Total population127,834135,873141,867146,870168,908
Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

See also

Further reading

Notes

  1. 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis

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References

32°34′12″N76°7′48″E / 32.57000°N 76.13000°E / 32.57000; 76.13000