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This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Turkey and includes conflicts such as coups, insurgencies, offensives, border and international disputes since the Turkish War of Independence in 1919. For wars before 1919, involving the Ottoman Empire, see List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire
| Conflict | Turkey and allies | Opponents | Results | Turkish losses | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military | Civilian | ||||
| War of Independence (1919–1923)
|  Ankara Government |  Greece  France  Armenia  United Kingdom Istanbul Government  Italy  Georgia | Victory [1]
| ~41,000 | Unknown |
| World War II (1939–1945) |  United States  Soviet Union  United Kingdom  China  France  Poland  Canada  Australia  New Zealand  India  South Africa  Yugoslavia  Greece  Denmark  Norway  Netherlands  Belgium  Luxembourg  Czechoslovakia  Brazil  Mexico  Chile  Bolivia  Colombia  Ecuador  Paraguay  Peru  Venezuela  Uruguay  Argentina  Turkey |  Germany  Japan  Italy  Hungary  Romania  Bulgaria  Croatia  Slovakia  Finland  Thailand  Manchukuo  Mengjiang | Victory
| None | None |
| Korean War (1950–1953) |  South Korea |  North Korea  China  Soviet Union | Stalemate | 904 [2] | None |
| Turkish invasion of Cyprus (1974) | Turkey TMT |  Cyprus  Greece | Victory
| 498 [3] | None |
| Kurdish-Turkish Conflict (1978–) | Turkey |  KCK  YDG-H  HBDH  TAK | Ongoing
| 9,055 | ~30,000 |
| Gulf War (1990-1991) |  Kuwait  United States United Kingdom  Saudi Arabia  Egypt France |  Iraq
| Victory
| None | None |
| Bosnian War (1995) (Participant in NATO Operation Deliberate Force) |  Republika Srpska | Victory [8]
| None | None | |
| Iraqi Kurdish Civil War (1997) |  KDP Turkey |  PUK  PKK | Ceasefire
| 145 | None |
| Kosovo War (1998–1999) (Participant in NATO Operation Allied Force) |  UÇK |  FR Yugoslavia | Victory
| None | None |
| War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) |  Afghanistan |  Taliban | Taliban victory / Turkish-allied defeat
| 14 [13] | None |
| Boko Haram insurgency (2009–present) | Multinational Joint Task Force Local militias and vigilantes |  Boko Haram (partially aligned with ISIL from 2015) [lower-alpha 1]
| Ongoing | None | Unknown |
| First Libyan Civil War (2011) (Assisted NATO military intervention) |  NTC  Qatar |  Libya | Victory | None | None |
| Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war (2011–present) | Turkey  Syrian opposition |  Syrian Democratic Forces  IFB  Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant  Syrian Arab Republic  Russia [15]  Iran [16]  Libyan National Army  Hezbollah | Ongoing | 307-364 | Unknown |
| Mali War (2012–present) |  Government of Mali
Non-state combatants: | Al-Qaeda
| Ongoing
| None | Unknown |
| American-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2017) |  Iraq  Iraqi Kurdistan |  ISIS | Victory
| None | |
| Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War (2020) |  Turkey Government of National Accord Syrian Interim Government | House of Representatives | Ceasefire | Unknown | |
2015 (MMXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2015th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 15th year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the 6th year of the 2010s decade.
Goodluck Ebele Azikiwe Jonathan is a Nigerian politician who served as the president of Nigeria from 2010 to 2015. He lost the 2015 presidential election to former military head of state General Muhammadu Buhari and was the first incumbent president in Nigerian history to concede defeat in an election and therefore allow for a peaceful transition of power.
Mohammed Yusuf, also known as Ustaz Mohammed Yusuf, was a Nigerian terrorist who founded the Islamist militant group Boko Haram in 2002. He was its leader until he was killed during the 2009 Boko Haram uprising. The group's official name is Jama'atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda'awati wal-Jihad, which in Arabic means "People Committed to the Propagation of the Teachings and Jihad".
Boko Haram, officially known as Jamā'at Ahl as-Sunnah lid-Da'wah wa'l-Jihād, is an Islamist militant organization based in northeastern Nigeria, which is also active in Chad, Niger, northern Cameroon, and Mali. Boko Haram was the world's deadliest terror group during part of the mid-2010s according to the Global Terrorism Index. In 2016, the group split, resulting in the emergence of a hostile faction known as the Islamic State's West Africa Province.
The Boko Haram insurgency began in July 2009, when the militant Islamist and jihadist rebel group Boko Haram started an armed rebellion against the government of Nigeria. The conflict is taking place within the context of long-standing issues of religious violence between Nigeria's Muslim and Christian communities, and the insurgents' ultimate aim is to establish an Islamic state in the region.
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The Vanguard for the Protection of Muslims in Black Africa, better known as Ansaru and less commonly called al-Qaeda in the Lands Beyond the Sahel, is an Islamic fundamentalist Jihadist militant organisation based in the northeast of Nigeria. It originated as a faction of Boko Haram but became officially independent in 2012. Despite this, Ansaru and other Boko Haram factions continued to work closely together until the former increasingly declined and stopped its insurgent activities in 2015. Since then, Ansaru is mostly dormant though its members continue to spread propaganda for their cause.
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In response to rapid territorial gains made by the Islamic State during its 2014 Northern Iraq offensives, universally condemned executions, human rights abuses and the fear of further spillovers of the Syrian Civil War, many states began to intervene against it in both the Syrian Civil War and the War in Iraq (2013–2017). These efforts are called the War against the Islamic State, or the War against ISIS. In later years, there were also minor interventions by some states against IS-affiliated groups in Nigeria and Libya. All these efforts significantly degraded the Islamic State's capabilities by around 2019–2020. While moderate fighting continues in Syria, as of 2024, ISIS has been contained to a manageably small area and force capability.
The Islamic State (IS) had its core in Iraq and Syria from 2013 to 2017 and 2019 respectively, where the proto-state controlled significant swathes of urban, rural, and desert territory, mainly in the Mesopotamian region. Today the group controls scattered pockets of land in the area, as well as territory or insurgent cells in other areas, notably Afghanistan, West Africa, the Sahara, Somalia, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. As of 2023, large swathes of Mali are under IS control, where they had had the most success recently.
The Islamic State's West Africa Province (ISWAP), officially Wilāyat Garb Ifrīqīyā, meaning "West African Province", is a militant group and administrative division of the Islamic State (IS), a Salafi jihadist militant group and unrecognised quasi-state. ISWAP is primarily active in the Chad Basin, and fights an extensive insurgency against the states of Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Turkey. It is an offshoot of Boko Haram with which it has a violent rivalry; Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau killed himself in battle with ISWAP in 2021. Until March 2022, ISWAP acted as an umbrella organization for all IS factions in West Africa including the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (IS-GS), although the actual ties between ISWAP and IS-GS were limited.
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Authoritative figures for casualties during the two- phased military operation were not published; available estimates listed Greek Cypriot losses at 6,000 dead and Turkish losses at 1,500 dead and 2,000 wounded...
Lists of wars involving Middle Eastern countries | ||
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