List of wars involving Cyprus

This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Cyprus and its predecessor states.

  Victory of Cyprus (and allies)

  Defeat of Cyprus (and allies)

  Another result*

*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Cyprus, status quo ante bellum , or a treaty or peace without a clear result.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Greco-Persian Wars	Greek city-states : [iv]  • Athens  • Sparta  • Thebes  • Thespiae  • Cyprus   • Delian League	Achaemenid Empire Greek vassals:  • Halicarnassus  • Thessalia  • Boeotia  • Thebes  • Macedon	Greek victory [1] Macedon, Thrace, and Ionia regain their independence from Persia
Kitos War	Roman Empire	Jews	Roman victory [2] Status quo ante bellum
Fifth Crusade (1217–1221)	Crusaders: Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of France Kingdom of Germany Levant: Kingdom of Jerusalem Kingdom of Cyprus Latin Empire Military orders: Knights Templar Teutonic Order Knights Hospitaller	Muslim forces: Ayyubid Sultanate	Ayyubid victory Eight-year truce between the Ayyubids and the Crusaders
War of the Lombards (1228–1243)	. Kingdom of Cyprus Anti-Imperial faction in the Kingdom of Jerusalem Acre Beirut Arsuf Caesarea Republic of Genoa Knights Templar Papacy	Holy Roman Empire Pro-Imperial faction in the Kingdom of Jerusalem Tyre Jerusalem Principality of Antioch and County of Tripoli Republic of Pisa Knights Hospitaller Teutonic Knights	Victory of anti-Imperial faction of local barons
Lord Edward's crusade (1271–1272)	Kingdom of England Kingdom of Cyprus Kingdom of Jerusalem Antioch-Tripoli Military orders Knights Templar Knights Hospitaller Teutonic Order Ilkhanate	Mamluk Sultanate Bahris	Inconclusive Jerusalem remains under Mamluks control Arsuf, Safed, Jaffa, Antioch, Krak des Chevaliers, captured by the Mamluks Ten-year truce between Mamluks and Crusaders
Smyrniote crusades (1343–1351)	Republic of Venice Knights Hospitaller Kingdom of Cyprus Dauphiné of Viennois Papal States	Emirate of Aydin	Inconclusive
Alexandrian Crusade (9–12 October 1365)	Kingdom of Cyprus Republic of Venice Knights Hospitaller	Mamluk Sultanate	Crusader victory
Cyprus Emergency (1955–1959)	EOKA	United Kingdom British Cyprus Turkey Special Warfare Department Turkish Resistance Organisation	London and Zürich Agreements Independence of the Republic of Cyprus Enosis and Taksim not achieved [3] Britain retains bases at Akrotiri and Dhekelia EOKA not defeated [4]
Cyprus crisis of 1963–64	Cyprus	TMT Turkey (1964)	End of Turkish Cypriot participation in government Establishment of Green Line and partition of Nicosia Turkish Cypriot population movement into enclaves Deployment of UNFICYP in 1964 [5]
Cyprus crisis of 1967	Cyprus Greece	TMT Turkey	Greek Cypriot control of Agios Theodoros and Kophinou General Georgios Grivas and 12,000 Greek troops removed from Cyprus [6]
Turkish invasion of Cyprus (1974)	Republic of Cyprus EOKA B Greece	Turkey Turkish Resistance Organisation	Turkish victory [7] [8] [9] [10] Greek military junta collapses on 24 July 1974 200,000 Greek Cypriots displaced [11] [12] [13] [14] 50,000 Turkish Cypriots displaced [15] [16] Turkey occupies 36.2% of Cyprus [17] Formation of the Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration
Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport (1978)	Cyprus	Egypt	Cypriot Victory
2026 Iran war: 2026 Iranian strikes on Akrotiri and Dhekelia	Cyprus Greece France	Iran Hezbollah	Ongoing

Other armed conflicts involving Cyprus

• Ionian Revolt 499-493 BC

Notes

1. "Greco-Persian Wars | Definition, Summary, Facts, Effects, & History". Encyclopedia Britannica.
2. https://www.heritage-history.com/index.php?c=resources&s=war-dir&f=wars_romanjewish#kitos The second Jewish Roman war occurred forty-five years after the fall of Jerusalem during Trajan's invasion of Parthia. It started in a Jewish community in Cyrene. The rebels destroyed many Roman Temples, and killed both Greeks and Romans. The revolt spread to Alexandria and Cyprus, where thousands of citizens were killed, both Jew and Gentile. The rebellions were disordered mobs, rather than armies, however, and the engagements were riots rather than battles. The governor of Egypt used his legions to protect the unmolested cities, but relied on Trajan to send enough forces to put down the rebels. Trajan eventually raised an army to put down the rebellions in Cyrene and Alexandria, and at the same time, he tried to prevent more rebellions among Jews in his newly won Mesopotamia regions by proactively killing Jews in some of the major cities in the region before they had a chance to rebel. The loss of life during these rebellions was terrific, especially in North Africa, and many of the Jewish urban strongholds outside of Judea were destroyed.
3. French 2015, p. 302.
4. Harbottle 1994, p. 43.
5. "UNFICYP Background - United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus". www.un.org. Archived from the original on 2010-02-28.
6. Mallinson 2008, pp. 41, 51.
7. Fortna 2004, p. 89.
8. "Embassy of the Republic of Cyprus in Brussels – General Information". www.mfa.gov.cy. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
9. Juliet Pearse, "Troubled Northern Cyprus fights to keep afloat" in Cyprus. Grapheio Typou kai Plērophoriōn, Cyprus. Grapheion Dēmosiōn Plērophoriōn, Foreign Press on Cyprus,　Public Information Office, 1979, p. 15. Archived 22 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine
10. Weatherby 2000, p. 285.
11. Tocci 2007, p. 32.
12. Borowiec 2000, p. 2.
13. Michael 2011, p. 130.
14. Pierpaoli 2014 , pp. 88–90: "As a result of the Turkish invasion and occupation, perhaps as many as 200,000 Greeks living in northern Cyprus fled their homes and became refugees in the south. It is estimated that 638 Turkish troops died in the fighting, with another 2,000 wounded. Another 1,000 or so Turkish civilians were killed or wounded. Cypriot Greeks, together with Greek soldiers dispatched to the island, suffered 4,500–6,000 killed or wounded, and 2,000–3,000 more missing."
15. Katholieke Universiteit Brussel, 2004 Archived 17 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine "Euromosaic III: Presence of Regional and Minority Language Groups in the New Member States", p. 18
16. Smit 2012, p. 51.
17. Kyritsi & Christofis 2018, p. 12.

References

• Borowiec, Andrew (2000). Cyprus: A Troubled Island. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN   978-0275965334.
• Fortna, Virginia Page (2004). Peace Time: Cease-fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace. Princeton University Press. ISBN   978-0-691-18795-2.
• French, David (2015). Fighting EOKA: The British Counter-Insurgency Campaign on Cyprus, 1955–1959. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-872934-1.
• Harbottle, Michael (1994). "Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding Along Borders". In Schofield, Clive H. (ed.). Global Boundaries: World Boundaries Volume 1. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-134-88035-5.
• Kyritsi, Thekla; Christofis, Nikos, eds. (2018). "Introduction: Cypriot Nationalism(s) in Context". Cypriot Nationalisms in Context: History, Identity and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97804-8. ISBN   978-3-319-97803-1.
• Mallinson, William (2008). Cyprus: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. pp. 41, 51. ISBN   978-0-85773-073-2 – via Google Books.
• Michael, Michális Stavrou (2011). Resolving the Cyprus Conflict: Negotiating History. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN   978-1-137-01627-0.
• Pierpaoli, Paul G. Jr. (2014). Hall, Richard C. (ed.). War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia. ABC-Clio. ISBN   978-1-61069-031-7.
• Smit, Anneke (2012). The Property Rights of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons: Beyond Restitution. Routledge. ISBN   978-0-415-57960-5.
• Tocci, Nathalie (2007). The EU and Conflict Resolution: Promoting Peace in the Backyard. Routledge. ISBN   978-1-134-12338-4.
• Weatherby, Joseph (2000). The other world: Issues and Politics of the Developing World (4th ed.). New York: Longman. ISBN   978-0-8013-3266-1.