Aydinids

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Beylik of Aydin
Aydınoğulları
آیدین اوغوللاری
1308–1426
Flag of the Beylik of Aydin.svg
Beylik of Aydin 1315-1375.png
Beylik of Aydın's Map during its peak (1315-1375) highlighting:
  Borders under Gazi Mehmed Bey
  Borders after conquests under Umur Bey the Lion
  Byzantine Empire territories
  Other Western Anatolian Beyliks
Black "X" showing Umur Bey's aids
Red "X" showing Umur Bey's raids
Capital Birgi, Selçuk
Common languages Turkish
Religion
Islam
GovernmentBeylik
History 
• Collapse of the Sultanate of Rum
1308
• Annexation by the Ottoman Empire
1426
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Double-headed eagle of the Sultanate of Rum.svg Sultanate of Rum
Ottoman Empire Ottoman flag alternative 2.svg
Today part of Turkey
Isa Bey Mosque in Selcuk, built by the Aydinids in 1375 Isa Bey Camii.jpg
İsa Bey Mosque in Selçuk, built by the Aydinids in 1375

The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (Modern Turkish: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği, Old Anatolian Turkish: آیدین اوغوللاری بیلیغی, also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (Aydın Beyliği), was one of the Anatolian beyliks and famous for its seaborne raiding.

Contents

Name

The Aydinid dynasty is named after its founder, Aydin Bey.

Capital

The Beylik's capital was at first in Birgi, and later in Ayasoluk (present day Selçuk), and it was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuric Bolkars after the decline of the Sultanate of Rûm. Its founders were Onogur who belonged to the Boyasını Tribe³.

History

The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern İzmir) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time. [1] The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades, that captured Smyrna from the beylik.

The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire for the first time in 1390, and after a brief period of independence following the conquests of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories once again became part of the Ottoman realm, this time definitively.

Architecture

The Beys of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in Birgi and Ayasoluk (Selçuk), their capital cities.

Legacy

The city of Aydın (ancient Tralles) was named after the dynasty.

List of rulers

  1. Muharizalsîn Gazi Mehmed Bey (1308–1334) [2]
  2. Umur Bey (1334–1348) [2]
  3. Khidr b. Mehmed (1348–1360) [2]
  4. Isa b. Mehmed (1360–1390) [2]
  1. İsaoğlu Musa Bey (1402–1403)
  2. Musaoğlu II. Umur Bey (1403–1405)
  3. İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1426)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Hans Theunissen. "Venice and the Turkoman Begliks of Menteşe and Aydın" (PDF). Utrecht University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-27.
  2. 1 2 3 4 C.E. Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties, (Columbia University Press, 1996), 221.

Bibliography

38°05′21″N27°44′16″E / 38.08917°N 27.73778°E / 38.08917; 27.73778

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