List of wars involving Serbia

The following is a list of wars involving Serbia in the Middle Ages as well as late modern period and contemporary history.

The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:

  Serbian victory

  Serbian defeat

  Result of civil or internal conflict

  Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)

  Ongoing conflict

Middle Ages

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Avar-Serbian War (629–632)	Serb Settlers	Avar Khaganate	Victory The Serbs move through the Avar Khaganate and settle the Balkan Subcontinent Creation of Principality of Serbia
Roman-Frankish War (802-812)	Byzantine Empire Principality of Serbia	Carolingian Empire	Victory Pax Nicephori Most of the Adriatic provinces along with Istra are returned to Byzantine rule Serbia expands it's borders to Dinara and Una
Bulgarian-Serbian War (839–42)	Principality of Serbia	Bulgarian Empire	Victory Failure of Khan Presian I to take over Serbia
Bulgarian-Serbian War (853)	Principality of Serbia	Bulgarian Empire	Victory Failure of the Bulgarians to replace the Byzantine overlordship on the Serbs Vladimir-Rasate and 12 Boyars taken prisoner
Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924 Part of the Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 913–927	Principality of Serbia	Bulgarian Empire	Defeat Serbia is annexed into Bulgaria
Conquest of Bari	Byzantine Empire Carolingian Empire Republic of Ragusa Principality of Serbia Duchy of Croatia Lombard principalities of the Campania	Emirate of Bari Emirate of Taranto Aghlabid dynasty	Victory Frankish-Byzantine Siege is successful and any further invasions of Adriatic cities are prevented
Serb Uprising (927) [1] [2] [3] [4]	Principality of Serbia Supported by: Byzantine Empire	Bulgarian Empire	Victory Časlav takes possession of the country after the uprising and submits suzereinity to the Byzantines
War of unification [1] [2]	Principality of Serbia	Serb tribes in: Ras Bosnia Zachlumia Pagania Zeta Travunia Konavle	Principality Victory Unification of all the tribes under Časlav as their collective leader
Magyar-Serb conflict (c. 960) Part of the Hungarian invasions of Europe	Principality of Serbia	Magyar tribes	Inconclusive Victory at Drina, Hungarian leader Kisa is defeated by the Serbs Defeat at Syrmia, Časlav is killed and thrown into a river
Bulgarian-Serbian War (998)	Duklja	Bulgarian Empire	Defeat King Samuil successfully besieges Ulcinj Duklja surrenders after Jovan Vladimir concedes
Serb Uprising (1034–1042)	Duklja	Byzantine Empire	Victory Decisive Doclean Serb victory Stefan Vojislav asserts his state's independence from Byzantium Byzantium halts any further advance towards Duklja after the Battle of Klobuk  [ sr ]
Byzantine-Norman wars (1040–1189)	Normans Duklja Principality of Serbia Antioch Croatia Lombard duchies Supported by: Papal States	Byzantine Empire Venice	Indecisive Norman conquest of Apulia, Calabria and the Ionian Islands. Norman invasion of the Balkans
Byzantine–Serbian War (1090–1095)	Principality of Serbia	Byzantine Empire	Inconclusive Several Serbian nobles taken hostage Cessation of hostilities between Serbia and Byzantium until 1106
Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–29)	Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Serbia	Byzantine Empire	Inconclusive First phase: Victory of Byzantium Serbia forced to recognize Byzantine suzerainty again Second phase: Victory of Hungarians Restoration of peace
Byzantine-Venetian War (1171–1172)	Venice Principality of Serbia Diplomatic support: Kingdom of Hungary Holy Roman Empire	Byzantine Empire Duklja (as Byzantine vassal) (1171) Western Knights (under Henry the Lion)	Byzantine Victory Stefan Nemanja begins the fight against Byzantines by annexing their vassal in Zeta [5] Soon after, Venice joins and after early successes suffers a tremendous blow by an epidemic during their stay at Chios in the winter The Serbs soon surrendered to Emperor Manuel
Byzantine campaign in the Middle East (1176) [6] Part of the Byzantine-Seljuq Wars	Byzantine Empire Grand Principality of Serbia [7] [8] Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Antioch	Sultanate of Rum	Defeat Catastrophic loss for Byzantium, Emperor Manuel compares the defeat to the Battle of Manzikert 1/4th of the army is wiped out [9] Kilij Arslan II sues for peace immidietly after the battle has concluded, military balance in the region is maintained
Emeric's Balkan campaign (1200–1203) Part of the Fourth Crusade	Grand Principality of Serbia Bulgarian Empire (1203)	Kingdom of Hungary Valkan's Clique (as Hungarian vassal) Papal States [10]	Emeric's Victories Emeric gains suzereinity over Serbia and occupies a couple of Bulgarian cities which he in turn gives to his vassal Valkan Serbo-Hungarian armies are later pushed out of Niš by Bulgarian forces
Hungarian Invasion of Serbia  [ sr ] (1237) Part of the Crusade against Bogumils	Grand Principality of Serbia Banate of Bosnia Temporary support: Republic of Ragusa	Kingdom of Hungary Golden Horde Chagatai Khanate	Victory During Colomans failed campaign in Bosnia, he penetrated Toljen II  [ sr ]'s land in Serbia, he was kicked out after a brief consultation This event lead to an alliance between Serbia and Split under Domald
Mongol invasion of the Balkans (1241–1242) Invasion of Hungary Invasion of Serbia Invasion of Bulgaria	Kingdom of Serbia Bulgarian Empire Kingdom of Hungary Teutonic Order Templars Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Austria	Golden Horde (Mongols)	Defeat of the military alliance led by the Kingdom of Hungary Bulgaria enters into vassal relations with the Mongols Mongols pass through Serbia burning and looting
Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde	Kingdom of Serbia	Nogai Horde Bulgarian Empire Supported by: Golden Horde	Victory Nogai Horde defeated at Drim river Shishman's invasion of Serbia repulsed Shishman forced to flee after the decisive battle at Ždrelo
Epirote–Nicaean conflict (1258–1261)	Despotate of Epirus Principality of Achaea Kingdom of Sicily Allies: Kingdom of Serbia Latin Empire	Empire of Nicaea Supported by: Republic of Genoa	Inconclusive Victory of Michael II and Stefan Uroš I in Albania and Macedonia Eventual Nicaean victory Subsequent restoration of the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine-Catalan Wars (1305–1311) [11]	Byzantine Empire Kingdom of Serbia (1305)	Catalan Company Allies: Anatolian Turkish Beyliks Sultanate of Rum	Victory Siege of Hilandar successfully repelled Hilandar defended by Danilo II [12]
Serbian-Crusader Conflict	Serbian cavalry Allies: Genoese fleet	Turcopoles	Victory Byzantine and Serbian forces defeat the Turks in a camp at Gallipoli peninsula Turcopoles surrender to the Genoese, some fall into the hands of the Byzantines. Halil Pasha and his men are then slaughtered
Serbian-Anjou War (1318–1320) [13] [14]	Kingdom of Serbia	Kingdom of Hungary Mladen II Šubić Lordship of Durazzo Muzaka Family (1318) Supported by Pope John XXII	Partial Victory Stefan Milutin crushes the Albanian Revolt without much difficulty [15] [16] Charles I's troops capture Belgrade and Mačva region Further incursion into central Serbia prevented John XXII calls (due to the mass-presecution against the Catholic Church in Serbia) for a full-fledged crusade against Serbia which never came [17] Stefan Milutin is named the Rascian heretic by the Pope [18]
War of Hum (1326–1329)	Kingdom of Serbia	Banate of Bosnia Republic of Ragusa	Defeat Bosnia captures Hum Petar Toljenović raised a rebellion in Zachlumia, he lost a battle and was imprisoned and thrown with his horse off a cliff
Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328	Kingdom of Serbia Supported by: Andronikos II Palaiologos [19]	Bulgarian Empire Supported by: Wallachia Moldavia Andronikos III Palaiologos	Victory [20] Balance of power in the Balkans reshaped Peace concluded near Izvor
Serbian Invasion of Macedonia (1342–1343) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1341-1347	Kingdom of Serbia Supported by: John VI Kantakouzenos	John V Palaiologos Beylik of Aydin Zealots of Thessalonica	Victory Stefan Dušan and Ivan Alexander choose opposite sides in the conflict, but maintain positive relations and exploit the Byzantine downfall Serbia plunders and occupies Macedonia besides Thessalonica, which was held by the Zealots and Serres which stayed loyal to the Empire Rest of Macedonia falls after Umur Bey was forced to return to Anatolia due to the Smyrniote crusades Serbia is momentarily halted after the Battle of Stephaniana by the Turks
Serbian Invasion of Albania (1342–1345) [21] [22] Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1341-1347	Kingdom of Serbia Bulgarian Empire Principality of Karvuna Supported by: John V Palaiologos	John VI Kantakouzenos Topia family Muzaka family Beylik of Aydin Ottoman Beylik Zealots of Thessalonica	Victory All of Albania, with the exception of Anjou-controlled Dyrrachium, falls to Serbia whose patriarchal throne is solidified in 1346 in the Peć Monastery The Serbian Orthodox Church becomes independent from Constantinople Thessaly and Epirus are later occupied by Serbia The Serbian Empire is established and Stefan Dušan is crowned Emperor of Serbs and Greeks Beginning of the Albanian Resistance against Serbia
Serbian-Ottoman War (1352) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357	Serbian Empire Bulgarian Empire Supported by: John V Palaiologos	Ottoman Beylik Supported by: John VI Kantakouzenos	Defeat Serbia loses the first major battle of the Ottomans which were increasingly becoming a threat to Europe The Ottomans plunder Bulgarian territory and commit a campaign of mass arrests of Christians in Adrianople [23]
Serbian Civil War (1356-1359) Part of the Fall of the Serbian Empire	Serbian Empire [24]	Empire of Thessaly (until 1359) Losha Clan Shpata Family Despotate of Epir Turkish mercenaries Byzantine Empire (until 1357)	Loyalist Victory Simeon Uroš fails to become the new Tsar of Serbia Nikephoros II Orsini is beaten by Arbanas tribesmen
The Feudal Wars (1356-1373)	Serbian Empire Moravian Serbia District of Branković Realm of Altomanović (until 1369) Anti-Altomanović Coalition: Moravian Serbia Banate of Bosnia Lordship of Zeta Kingdom of Hungary Garai Family Republic of Ragusa	Lordship of Prilep (1369) Realm of Altomanović (after 1369) Principality of Velbazhd Battle of Maritsa: Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive The Serbian Army is fragmented at the Battle of Maritsa Further anarchy
Battle of Kosovo (1389)	Moravian Serbia Supported by: District of Branković [25] Kingdom of Bosnia [26] Principality of Muzaka Jonima family Knights of Rhodes [27]	Ottoman Empire Military support: Isfendiyar Beylik	Inconclusive Both sides claim victory Both armies were destroyed in the battle. Both Lazar and Murad lost their lives, and the remnants of their armies retreated from the battlefield Kosovo Myth
Crusade of Nicopolis (1396)	Ottoman Empire Moravian Serbia [28]	Crusade: Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of France [29] Duchy of Burgundy Kingdom of Hungary [29] Voivodship of Transylvania Kingdom of Croatia [29] Principality of Wallachia [30] Knights Hospitaller [29] Republic of Venice [29] Republic of Genoa Bulgarian Empire [31] Teutonic Knights Byzantine Empire County of Cilli District of Branković [32] [33]	Victory Crusader attempt to capture Nicopolis fails Most of the Crusader army destroyed or captured [34]
Ottoman-Timurid War 1399–1402 Sack of Sebaste Siege of Ankara Battle of Ankara	Ottoman Empire Anatolian beyliks Black Tatars Albanian principalities   Moravian Serbia District of Branković   Wallachia Co-belligerant:   Mamluks [35] Kingdom of Georgia [36] Knights Hospitaller [37]	Timurid Empire Anatolian beyliks Aq Qoyunlu Germiyanids	Defeat Anatolian Beyliks got independence. Bayezid I is captured by Timur and dies in captivity, leaving the Ottoman Empire without a sultan Ottoman Interregnum begins Ottoman Empire on the brink of collapse Timurid conquests and invasions ends.
Ottoman Interregnum (1402-1413)	Mehmed Çelebi Supported by: Stefan Lazarević Đurađ Branković (from 1412) Süleyman Çelebi Supported by Vuk Lazarević Đurađ Branković (until 1412) Siege of Constantinople (1411) Byzantine Empire	Musa Çelebi Wallachia Supported by: Kingdom of Hungary İsa Çelebi Beylik of Aydin	Victory Mehmed Çelebi reunifies the Ottoman state with the assistance of Stefan Lazarević the Serbian Despot
Second Scutari War (1419–23)	Zeta Serbian Despotate (after 1421) Albanian nobility	Republic of Venice	Inconclusive Venice captured Ulcinj, Grbalj, and territory of Paštrovići, with Kotor deciding to accept Venetian suzerainty Serbian Despotate captured Drivast and returned its suzerainty over Bar, Budva, and Luštica
Despotate-Ottoman Wars (1425–1459) [38] Part of the Ottoman Invasions of Serbia and Hungarian–Ottoman Wars War of the South Danube (1420–1432) Hungarian–Ottoman War (1437–1442) Battle of Niš Battle of Leskovac Siege of Belgrade	Serbian Despotate Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Croatia Taborite mercenaries Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Bosnia (after 1425) [39] Wallachia (briefly) Crusade of Varna: Papal States Bulgarian rebels Teutonic Knights Naval support: Duchy of Burgundy Republic of Ragusa Republic of Venice (temporary) Military support: League of Lezhë (temporary) Holy Roman Empire [40] Kingdom of Bohemia	Ottoman Empire Wallachia Crimean Khanate Supported by: Republic of Venice Principality of Moldavia Principality of Kastrioti [41] Hunyadi's Army [42]	Eventual Defeat The Serbian Despotate officially falls in Smederevo and is later reinstated multiple times as a rump-state as a buffer against Ottoman advance About 200,000 immigrate to Hungarian Srem until it's partition Beginning of Serbian guerilla warfare against the Ottoman Empire

Partitioned Serbia

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Uprising of Jovan Nenad (1526-1527) Part of the Hungarian Civil War	Empire of Jovan Nenad  [ sr ] Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire Eastern Hungarian Kingdom Transylvanian Saxons Transylvanian Romanians Hungarian and Lipovian Serb nomads	Defeat Tsar Jovan Nenad of Vojvodina is murdered on his retreat towards Senta The Serbian army disperses, some return to their duties in the Ottoman Empire and some turn to the Habsburgs
Uprising in Banat (1594) Part of the Long Turkish War	Orthodox Serb rebels Supported by: Archduchy of Austria Principality of Upper Hungary Principality of Transylvania	Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Temeşvar Elayet of Bosnia Crimean Khanate	Defeat Orthodox Christian mercenaries are defeated and are forced to flee to neighboring Upper Hungary Burning of St. Sava-s remains as daunting reprisal
Serb uprising in Herzegovina (1596–1597) Part of the Long Turkish War	Hajduks Bjelopavlići Drobnjaci Nikšići Pivljani	Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Karadağ	Defeat Exodus of Herzegovinians and migration to Bay of Kotor and Dalmatia
Bocskai's War of Independence (1604-1606) Part of the Long Turkish War and European wars of religion	Loyalists Kingdom of Croatia Holy Roman Empire Crown of Bohemia Archduchy of Austria Spanish Empire Zaporozhian Host Serbian, Wallonian, Italian, German and Romanian mercenaries	Revolutionaries Principality of Transylvania Moldavia Hungarian, Slovak, Rusyn, Polish and Székely mercenaries Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Peace treaty Treaty of Vienna (1606)
Cretan War (1645–1669)	Republic of Venice [43] Hajduks [44] Papal States Kingdom of France Naval Support: Knights of Malta Greek uprisings: Greek Revolutionaries Maniots	Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Tripoli Eyalet of Tunis Eyalet of Algiers	Defeat Ottomans conquer Crete Venetian gains in Dalmatia
Great Turkish War (1683–1699)	Holy Roman Empire Serbian Militia Kingdom of Hungary Republic of Venice Montenegro	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Kuruc	Victory Partial Liberation of Serbia Ottoman decline in Europe
Morean War (1684–1699) Part of the Great Turkish war and Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in the Great Turkish War	Republic of Venice Hajduks and Morlachs Papal States Duchy of Savoy Order of Saint Stephen Naval Support: Knights of Malta Greek uprisings: Greek Revolutionaries Maniots Military support: Holy Roman Empire Croatian Military Frontier Slavonian Military Frontier Montenegro	Ottoman Empire Elayet of Bosnia Eyalet of Egypt Eyalet of Tripoli Eyalet of Tunis Eyalet of Algiers Maniots	Venetian and Holy League victory Liberation of Slavonia and Lika and part of the Pounje from the Ottomans Morea ceded to Venice; Venetian gains in inland Dalmatia Ottomans pushed out of Central Europe
Rákóczi's War of Independence	Holy Roman Empire Austria Royalists Krajinars Danish Auxiliary Corps	Kuruc Supported by: Polish and Ruthenian mercenaries Kingdom of France Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of Szatmár Serbs plunder and loot the Great Hungarian Plain
War of Sinj (1714–1718) Part of the Austro-Turkish War (1716-1718) and Ottoman-Portuguese confrontations	Holy League: Republic of Venice Hajduks Himariotes Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Portugal Knights of Malta Papal States	Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Tripoli	Defeat Ottomans defeat Venice, but fail to stop Prince Eugene of Savoy in the battle of Petrovaradin Morea ceded back to the Ottomans Treaty of Passarowitz
Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)	Austria Serbian Militia [lower-alpha 1] Electorate of Bavaria	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Victory Treaty of Passarowitz Most of Serbia liberated
Austro-Turkish War (1737–1739)	Austria Kingdom of Serbia	Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive Austrian Military Victory Ottoman Political Victory Treaty of Belgrade
Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)	Habsburg monarchy Koča's frontier   Russian Empire Black Sea Cossacks Montenegro	Ottoman Empire Danubian Sich Budjak Horde Nekrasov Cossacks Sheikh Mansur Movement	Austrian Victory Treaty of Sistova

Modern period

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Uprising against the Dahije (1804)	Serbia	Dahije	Victory Outbreak of First Serbian Uprising
First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) Part of the Serbian Revolution	Serbia Supported by:   Russia (1807–12)	Dahijas (1804) Ottoman Empire (from 1805)   Bosnia Eyalet Pashalik of Scutari Pashalik of Yanina Supported by:   France [45]	Inconclusive Treaty of Bucharest [46] Abolishment of Serbian rebel government Cause of the Second Serbian uprising
Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) Part of the Serbian Revolution and Russo-Turkish Wars	Russian Empire Moldavia Wallachia   Revolutionary Serbia   Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro (1806–12)	Ottoman Empire	Victory [46] Treaty of Bucharest
Hadži-Prodan's rebellion (1814)	Serb rebels	Ottoman Empire	Defeat The Ottomans increase their persecution of Serbs. The outbreak of the Second Serbian Uprising.
Second Serbian Uprising (1815–1817) Part of the Serbian Revolution	Serbian rebels	Ottoman Empire	Victory Establishment of the autonomous Principality of Serbia Ottoman Empire loses control over the Sanjak of Smederevo
Niš Rebellion (1821)	Serb rebels	Ottoman Empire	Defeat Rebellion suppressed by the Ottomans. Serbian civilians massacred.
Serbian Involvement in the Greek Revolution Part of the Greek War of Independence	Greek Revolutionaries Filiki Eteria [47] [48] Serbian Revolutionaries Montenegrin Revolutionaries After 1821: First Hellenic Republic Serbian Philhellens [49] Military Support: Russian Empire Kingdom of France [50] [51] United Kingdom	Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Egypt Eyalet of Tripoli Eyalet of Tunis Eyalet of Algiers Danubian Sich	Greek Victory Greek Independence achieved Serbo-Montenegrin volunteers return home, some stay and are Hellenized
Serb uprising (1848–1849) Part of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire	Serbian Vojvodina Serb volunteers from Principality of Serbia Supported by: Austrian Empire Kingdom of Croatia	Kingdom of Hungary (until 14th April 1849) Hungarian State (after 14th April 1849) Various revolutionary minorities	Victory Establishment of the autonomous Serbian Voivodeship Most demands from the May Assembly met
Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis	Serb rebels Supported by:   Serbia   Montenegro	Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive Great Eastern Crisis Serbian–Ottoman Wars Montenegrin–Ottoman War
First Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis	Serbia   Montenegro Russian Volunteers Bulgarian Volunteers	Ottoman Empire Egypt	Victory Political Victory British public opinion turns against the Ottomans Russian-mediated truce
Second Serbian–Ottoman War (1877–1878) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)	Serbia   Russia	Ottoman Empire Albanian volunteers	Victory De jure independence of Serbia [52] Tens of thousands of Turkish, Jewish and Albanian civilians expelled Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin
Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)	Russian Empire Guard of Finland [53] Principality of Romania Principality of Serbia Principality of Montenegro Bulgarian Legion Serbian rebels	Ottoman Empire Egypt Polish volunteers Albanian volunteers Circassian volunteers [54] Chechen rebels Abkhazian rebels	Coalition Victory Official recognition of de facto and de jure independence of the Balkan states. [55] Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin Treaty of Constantinople
Timok Rebellion (1883)	Kingdom of Serbia Royal Serbian Army	People's Radical Party	Victory Victory of King Milan. Rebellion Suppressed
Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885)	Serbia Supported by:   Austria-Hungary	Bulgaria	Defeat Recognition of Bulgarian unification
Macedonian struggle (1901)	Serbian Chetniks Supported by:   Serbia	VMRO   Ottoman Empire Albanian Kachaks	Inconclusive Widespread ethnic violence Hostilities largely ceased after the Young Turk Revolution
First Balkan War (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars	Balkan League :   Bulgaria   Greece   Serbia   Montenegro Italian Redshirts [56] Supported by:   Russia	Ottoman Empire Circassian volunteers [57] [58] [59] [60] Albanian volunteers and irregulars [61] [62] [63]	Victory [64] Treaty of London
Serbian invasion of Albania (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars	Kingdom of Serbia Kingdom of Montenegro	Independent Albania Ottoman Empire Albanian guerrillas Albanian Tribesmen	Victory Serbia and Montenegro invade and defeat Ottoman forces and capture Kosovo, Macedonia, Northern Albania and Central Albania. The Serbian army commits massacres against Albanians living in the occupied territories. Serbia forms Drač County and other counties on Albanian-populated lands captured from the Ottomans. Essad Pasha hands Shkodër over to Montenegro in return for Montenegrin support for the foundation of the Republic of Central Albania. Treaty of London Serbia annexes large parts Kosovo and Macedonia and continues to occupy parts of northern Albania until 1920. Albania gains Independence but loses half of its claimed territories gained after the Albanian revolt of 1912.
Tikveš Uprising (1913)	Serbia Chetniks	IMRO Supported by:   Bulgaria	Victory The uprising is brutally suppressed and the Bulgarian population is terrorized
Second Balkan War (1913) Part of the Balkan Wars	Serbia   Romania   Greece   Montenegro   Ottoman Empire	Bulgaria	Victory Bulgarian defeat Treaty of Bucharest Treaty of Constantinople
Ohrid-Debar Uprising (1913)	Serbia Chetniks   Greece	IMRO Kachaks	Victory The uprising is brutally suppressed Thousands of Bulgarians and Albanians are killed 30,000 Bulgarians expelled 25,000 Albanians expelled
Third Peasant Revolt in Albania (September–October 1914)	Republic of Central Albania Support: Kingdom of Serbia Kingdom of Italy	Principality of Albania	Serbo-Italian backed Republic of Central Albania Victory Toptani invades and captures Central Albania and Dibër with Italian and Serb support and reforms the Republic of Central Albania. Durrës is captured by Toptani unopposed.
Serbian campaign and Balkans theatre (1914–1918) Part of the European theatre of World War I	Allied Powers   Serbia   Montenegro   Russia (until 1917)   France (from 1915)   United Kingdom (from 1915)   Italy (from 1915)   Greece (from 1917)	Central Powers :   Bulgaria (from 1915)   Austria-Hungary   Germany (from 1915)   Ottoman Empire (1916–17)	Victory Liberation of Serbia Dissolution of Austria-Hungary Creation of Yugoslavia Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye Treaty of Neuilly Treaty of Trianon Treaty of Sèvres
Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the Revolutions of 1917–23	Czechoslovakia   Romania   Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes   Prekmurje   Kingdom of Hungary   France	Hungarian Republic   Hungarian Soviet Republic   Slovak Soviet Republic	Victory Hungarian defeat Collapse of the Hungarian Soviet Republic
Impresa di Pola (1918) Part of the Adriatic Campaign in 1918 and the Adriatic question	Italy	State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs	Defeat Death of Janko Vuković
1918–1920 unrest in Split (1918–1920) Part of the Adriatic question	Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes   United States   Italy	Italian nationalists renegades Italian Regency of Carnaro	Inconclusive Italian irredentists detroy the Yugoslav Cultural Centre Italian nationalists occupy Split for a brief period Death of Tommaso Gulli and Aldo Rossi
Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia (1918–1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I	Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes	German-Austria   Carinthia	Military victory Carinthian plebiscite
Christmas Uprising (1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the creation of Yugoslavia	Montenegrin Whites   Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes	Montenegrin Greens   Italy	Montenegrin Whites Victory Uprising suppressed
Drenica-Dukagjin Uprisings (1919–1924)	Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes	Kosovar Albanians Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo Diplomatic support: Albania	Victory Death of Azem Galica Dissolution of the Kosovo Committee Thousands of Albanian civilians massacred or deported
Koplik War (1920–1921)	Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes	Principality of Albania	Inconclusive Yugoslav army invades Northern Albania Yugoslavs are eventually forced to withdraw due to international pressure United Kingdom insists on slight adaptations in the regions of Debar, Prizren and Kastrati in the interest of Yugoslavia.
Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921)	Kingdom of Yugoslavia Kingdom of Greece Republic of Mirdita	Principality of Albania	Inconclusive Yugoslav Recognition of Albanian sovereignty and Border Slight adjustments of the Albanian border in favor of Yugoslavia Mirdita rebels disbanded
Zogu Invasion of Albania (1924)	Ahmet Zogu supporters (Mati Tribesmen) Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Royal Yugoslav Army Russian White émigré	Fan Noli supporters (Albanian peasants) Principality of Albania Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo	Zogu-Yugoslav Victory Fan Noli is ousted from power. Ahmet Zogu forms the Albanian Republic and is made dictator. Zogu's forces assassinate the leadership of the Committee for the National Defence of Kosovo.
Invasion of Yugoslavia (1941) Part of the Balkans campaign and Mediterranean theatre of World War II	Yugoslavia	Axis   Germany   Italy   Hungary   Bulgaria	Defeat Axis occupation of Yugoslavia Axis occupation of Serbia Partition of Yugoslavia Creation of pro-Axis puppet regimes Continued anti-Axis resistance and beginning of Yugoslav civil war
World War II in Yugoslavia (1941–1945) Part of the European theatre of World War II	Allies   Yugoslav Partisans   Soviet Union (from 1944) Aerial and logistics support:   United Kingdom (1943–45)   United States (limited) Former Axis powers:   Bulgaria (1944–45) Other factions: LANÇ (1944–45) Supported by: Yugoslav government-in-exile (1944–45)   Chetniks Supported by: Yugoslav government-in-exile (1941–44) Western Allies:   United Kingdom (1941–43)   United States (1941–43)	Axis   Germany   Italy (1941–43)   Hungary (1941–44)   Bulgaria (1941–44)   Croatia [lower-alpha 2] German puppet states and governments: Government of National Salvation (1941–44) German-occupied territory of Montenegro (1943–1944)   Albania (1943–44) Government of National Unity (1944–45) Italian protectorates and dependencies:   Albania (1941–43) Governate of Montenegro (1941–43)   Chetniks (against Partisans)	Yugoslav Partisan Victory Defeat of Nazi Germany and Axis in Yugoslavia Defeat and overthrow of the Independent State of Croatia, Government of National Salvation and other Axis collaborators Defeat of the Chetniks and their emigration Communist-led Partisans abolish the Yugoslav monarchy Establishment of Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia under the rule of Josip Broz Tito Postwar Titoist mass killings and repression Communist purges in Serbia in 1944–45

Contemporary period

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Croatian War of Independence [lower-alpha 3] (1991–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars	Serbian Krajina   SFR Yugoslavia (1991–92)   Republika Srpska (1992–95) Supported by:   FR Yugoslavia	Croatia   Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994–95)	Defeat Over 20,000 dead Decisive victory for the Croatian Armed Forces Retreat of Serbian Army of Krajina to Bosnia Exodus of most Serbs from Krajina. [65] End of siege of Bihać Erdut Agreement
War in Bosnia [lower-alpha 4] (1992–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars	Republika Srpska Serbian Krajina Western Bosnia (1993–95) Supported by:   FR Yugoslavia	Bosnia and Herzegovina   Croatian Herzeg-Bosnia   Croatia   NATO (1995)   Belgium   Canada   Denmark   France   Germany   Italy   Luxembourg   Netherlands   Norway   Portugal   Spain   Turkey   United Kingdom United States	Inconclusive Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the Dayton Accords Over 101,000 dead Deployment of NATO-led forces to oversee the peace agreement
Kosovo War (1998–1999) Part of the Yugoslav Wars	FR Yugoslavia	UÇK   NATO (1999)   Belgium   Canada   Denmark   France   Germany   Italy   Luxembourg   Netherlands   Norway   Portugal   Spain   Turkey   United Kingdom United States Supported by:   Albania	Military Stalemate [66] Kumanovo Treaty Yugoslav forces pull out of Kosovo FR Yugoslavia de facto loses control over Kosovo United Nations Resolution 1244 confirms Yugoslav sovereignty over Kosovo International peacekeeping force deployed in Kosovo Expulsion of over half of the Serb and other non-Albanian civilians UÇK disbanded UÇK veterans join the UÇPMB, starting the Preševo insurgency and 2001 insurgency in Macedonia Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević in 2000
Insurgency in the Preševo Valley (1999–2001) [ citation needed ]Part of the Yugoslav Wars	FR Yugoslavia	UÇPMB	Victory [67] Končulj Agreement [68] Yugoslavia retakes the buffer zone [67] UÇPMB disbanded NLA founded Insurgency in Macedonia

See also

• List of wars involving Serbia in the Middle Ages

Footnotes

1. As well as Serbian garrison troops during the Battle of Petrovaradin^{[ citation needed ]}
2. Acceded to the Tripartite Pact, generally considered Axis powers (see e.g., Facts About the American Wars, Bowman, p. 432, which includes them in a list of "Axis powers", or The Library of Congress World War II Companion, Wagner, Osborne, & Reyburn, p. 39, which lists them as "The Axis").
3. Direct involvement until early 1992. After the proclamation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in April 1992, all units of former Yugoslav People's Army were withdrawn from territories of Croatia and Bosnia. Despite this, various paramilitary groups from FRY continued to fight in Croatia
4. Officially Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (and Serbia as part of it) did not participate in Bosnian War. However, various Serbian paramilitaries were directly involved in conflicts.

1. Porphyrogenitus, Constantine VII (ed.). De Administrando Imperio.
2. Станојевић, Станоје (ed.). "I Прве српске државе" Историја српскога народа. Београд.
3. Веселиновић, Андрија; Љушић, Радош, eds. (2001). Српске династије. Нови Сад: Плантонеум. ISBN   86-83639-01-0.
4. Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
5. Arnold of Lübeck left negative remarks on the Serbs in his chronicles after an attack on Western knights and Pilgrims, even going as far as naming the "Sons of Belial"
6. Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
7. Serbia's role in the Byzantine campaigns against the Seljuqs was through Stefan Nemanja's role of being a vassal. Auxiliary troops were sent as a form of tribute towards the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos in order to aid him in battle.
8. Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
9. Hendy, Michael, ed. (1985). Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300–1450. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 128. ISBN   0-521-24715-2.
10. Curta, Florin, ed. (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge University Press. p. 389. ISBN   978-0-521-89452-4.
11. Hilandar ...Following the end of the Latin Occupation of this part of Byzantium, a new wave of raids hit the monastic republic. In the early 14th century, pirate mercenaries of the Catalan Grand Company repeatedly raided the Holy Mountain, while looting and sacking numerous monasteries, stealing treasures and Christian relics, and terrorizing monks. Of the 300 monasteries and monastic communities on Athos, Hilandar was among only 35 that survived the violence of the first decade of the 14th century.
12. Vásáry, István, ed. (24 March 2005). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press. pp. 109–110. ISBN   1139444085.
13. Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 219–262. ISBN   9781850439776.
14. Živković, Tibor; Kunčer, Dragana, eds. (2008). Roger - the forgotten Archbishop of Bar (PDF). Историјски часопис. 56. pp. 191–209.
15. Станојевић, Станоје, ed. (1989). Историја српскога народа" (треће издање, репринт издања из 1926). Београд. ISBN   978-86-83639-01-4.
16. Фајфрић, Жељко, ed. (1998). Света лоза Стефана Немање. Шид.
17. Ћоровић, Владимир, ed. (1989). Историја српског народа (рукопис из 1941). Београд.
18. Ћоровић, Владимир, ed. (1989). Историја српског народа (рукопис из 1941). Београд.
19. Vásáry, István (ed.). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. p. 112. ISBN   1139444085.
20. Vásáry, István (ed.). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. p. 113. ISBN   1139444085.
21. Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 301. ISBN   9781850439776.
22. Soulis, George Christos, ed. (1984). The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331–1355) and his successorst. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 19.
23. Nicol, Donald MacGillivray, ed. (1996). The Reluctant Emperor: A Biography of John Cantacuzene, Byzantine Emperor and Monk, C. 1295–1383. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0521522014.
24. The Serbian Empire of Stefan V fragmented into a conglomeration of principalities, some of which did not even nominally acknowledge his rule.
25. Fine Jr., John V. A., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. ISBN   0-472-08260-4.
26. Lazar sought aid from his neighbors Tvtrko and Vuk Brankovic. Trtvko sent a large contingent under the command of Vlatko Vukovic. Vuk Brankovic came himself, leading his own men. Thus the Serbian army was composed of three contingents under these three leaders, none of whom was then a Turkish vassal.
27. Budak, Neven, ed. (2001). "John of Palisna, the Hospitaller Prior of Varna". In Hunyadi, Zsolt; Laszlovszky, Jozsef (eds.). The Crusades and the Military Orders: Expanding the Frontiers of Medieval Latin Christianity. Central European University Press. ISBN   9639241423.
28. Alexandru Madgearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins, ed. Martin Gordon, (Scarecrow Press, 2008), 90.
29. Tuchman, Barbara W. (1978). A Distant Mirror: the Calamitous 14th Century. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 548. ISBN   0-345-28394-5.
30. The Crusades and the military orders: expanding the frontiers of latin christianity; Zsolt Hunyadi page 226
31. Valerii︠a︡ Fol, Bulgaria: History Retold in Brief, (Riga, 1999), 103.
32. ( Djokić 2023 , p. 128) harv error: no target: CITEREFDjokić2023 (help)

    Not all Serb magnates fought and died as Ottoman vassals. Vuk Branković, who survived the Kosovo battle, and who continued to rule over his realm that included Kosovo, joined a large Christian coalition led by Hungary, which now represented the 'bulwark of Christianity' and included Wallachian, Venetian, Bulgarian, Croatian, French and English troops. The Christian coalition was defeated by Ottomans at Nicopolis, Bulgaria in 1396. Branković died as an Ottoman prisoner the following year, but is ironically portrayed in the Serbian folklore as a Judas-like figure.

33. ( Cerović 2002 , p. 228) harv error: no target: CITEREFCerović2002 (help)

    Вук Бранковић, син Бранков, оженио се Маром, кћерком кнеза Лазара. Његови поседи протезали су се од Скопља до Копаоника и Сјенице, до горњих токова Таре и Мораче. После битке на Косову, примио је вазални однос према Турској. У бици код Никопоља учествовао је на страни Угарске, када га је заробио султан Бајазит и одвео га у заробљеништво, где је умро, 1397. године.

34. "Battle of Nicopolis". Encyclopædia Britannica . 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-18.
35. Siege of Damascus (1400)
36. Timurid invasions of Georgia
37. Siege of Smyrna
38. In 1471, the Serbian Despotate was renewed in exile as a vassal of Hungary. Up until its demise in 1540, it spent its entirety fighting the Turks. The state provided support and auxiliary troops to the Kingdom of Hungary.
39. Stefan Lazarević and other Serbian Despots had brief conflicts with Bosnia
40. Battle of Kosovo (1448)
41. Skanderbeg's Serbian Campaign
42. During the Second battle of Kosovo, Hunyadis forces ravaged the Serbian countryside which lead to his arrest
43. Many Serbs served as Venetian generals during the Cretan war, these include Stojan Janković, Ilija Smiljani, Krsto Vicković, etc.
44. Vuk Mandušić and other rebel leaders lead multiple uprisings in Herzegovina 1647-1648
45. Meriage, Lawrence P. (27 January 2017). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804-1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi: 10.2307/2497684 . JSTOR   2497684. S2CID   222355180.
46. Davis, G. Doug; Slobodchikoff, Michael O. (2018). Cultural Imperialism and the Decline of the Liberal Order: Russian and Western Soft Power in Eastern Europe. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 88. ISBN   9781498585873.
47. Even though the organization officially permitted only Greeks, many Serbs (and even Karađorđe himself) would become members ("brothers") of this organization by the end of the First Serbian Uprising, it is said that Filiki Eteria had a sector in Niš
48. Vukov Blog: Graditelj Ćele kule. 29 May 2013.
49. ..in the likes of Anastasije Dmitrijević
50. A tactical detachment of some 250~ Serbs served under the command of Charles Nicolas Fabvier, a French Philhellene
51. Loukatos. pp. 105–107.
52. Benbassa, Esther; Rodrigue, Aron, eds. (2000). Sephardi Jewry: A History of the Judeo-Spanish Community, 14th-20th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 66. ISBN   9780520218222.
53. Torsten Ekman (2006). Suomen kaarti 1812–1905 (in Finnish). Helsinki: Schildts. ISBN   951-50-1534-0.
54. Daur, Soner. Plevne'de Çerkesler
55. Crampton, Richard; Crampton, Benjamin (2016). Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 15. ISBN   9781317799528.
56. Egidio Ivetic, Le guerre balcaniche, il Mulino - Universale Paperbacks, 2006, p. 63
57. "Там /в Плевенско и Търновско/ действително се говори, че тези черкези отвличат деца от българи, загинали през последните събития." (Из доклада на английския консул в Русе Р. Рийд от 16.06.1876 г. до английския посланик в Цариград Х. Елиот. в Н. Тодоров, Положението, с. 316)
58. Hacısalihoğlu, Mehmet. Kafkasya'da Rus Kolonizasyonu, Savaş ve Sürgün (PDF). Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
59. BOA, HR. SYS. 1219/5, lef 28, p. 4
60. Karataş, Ömer. The Settlement of the Caucasian Emigrants in the Balkans during lkans duringthe 19th Century Century
61. Gawrych, George (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913. IB Tauris. p. 202. ISBN   9781845112875. "When the First Balkan War broke out, a majority of Albanians, even habitual rebels such as Isa Boletin, rallied in defense of the din ve devlet ve vatan in order to preserve intact their Albanian lands. Lacking a national organization of their own, Albanians had no choice but to rely on Ottoman institutions, its army, and its government for protection from partition. Both failed them miserably in the face of four invading Balkan armies, and as a result foreign invasion and occupation severed that link between the Albanian Eagle and the Ottoman Crescent."
62. Kondis, Basil (1976). Greece and Albania, 1908–1914. Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies. p. 84. ISBN   9798840949085. The Albanian forces fought on the side of Turkey not because they desired a continuance of Turkish rule but because they believed that together with the Turks, they would be able to defend their territory and prevent the partition of "Greater Albania
63. Hall, Richard C. (4 January 2002). The Balkan Wars 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War. Routledge. p. 85. ISBN   978-1-134-58363-8 . Retrieved 19 April 2022. Ottoman regulars supported by Albanian irregulars continued in central and southern Albania even after the signing of the armistice in December 1912
64. Anagnostopoulos, Archimandrite Nikodemos (2017). Orthodoxy and Islam: Theology and Muslim–Christian Relations in Modern Greece and Turkey. Taylor & Francis. p. 75. ISBN   9781315297927.
65. "Croats and Serbs still bitter after genocide verdict". BBC News. 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2023-11-26.
66. References:
    • Stigler, Andrew L. (Winter 2002–2003). "A clear victory for air power: NATO's empty threat to invade Kosovo". International Security. 27 (3): 124–157. doi:10.1162/01622880260553651. JSTOR   3092116.
    • Biddle, Stephen (2002). "The new way of war? Debating the Kosovo model". Foreign Affairs. 81 (3): 148–139. doi:10.2307/20033168. JSTOR   20033168.
    • Dixon, Paul (2003). "Victory by spin? Britain, the US and the propaganda war over Kosovo". Civil Wars. 6 (4): 83–106. doi:10.1080/13698240308402556.
    • Harvey, Frank P (2006). "Getting NATO's success in Kosovo right: The theory and logic of counter-coercion". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 23 (2): 139–158. doi:10.1080/07388940600665842. JSTOR   26275265.
67. Holley, David (25 May 2001). "Yugoslavia Occupies Last of Kosovo Buffer". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
68. "Southern Serbia's Fragile Peace". International Crisis Group. 9 December 2003. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.