List of wars involving Palestine

This is a list of wars involving the State of Palestine.

Wars and other conflicts

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
First Intifada (1987–1993) [1]	Al-Qiyada al-Muwhhada Fatah Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Palestinian Communist Party Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad	Israel	Uprising suppressed [2] Madrid Conference (1991) Oslo I Accord (1993) Israel–PLO Letters of Mutual Recognition [3] Establishment of the Palestinian National Authority Creation of the West Bank "Areas" by the Oslo II Accord in 1995
Second Intifada (2000–2005)	Palestinian Authority PLO Fatah Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Resistance Committees	Israel	Uprising suppressed [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Israeli forces withdraw from the Gaza Strip Israel initiates the Gaza disengagement plan Israel constructs the West Bank barrier
2006 Gaza–Israel conflict (2006)	Palestine Fatah Hamas Islamic Jihad	Israel	Israeli military victory End of Hamas rocketfire into Israel until May 2007 (though continued attacks by other groups) [10] Palestinian Authority forces deploy to stop rocket launches until June 2007.
Battle of Gaza (2007)	Fatah Palestinian Authority Support: United States (alleged by Hamas)	Hamas	Hamas victory Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip
Gaza War (2008–2009)	Gaza Strip Hamas Ezzedeen al-Qassam Brigades Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Abu Ali Mustapha Brigades Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine Al-Quds Brigades   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades Popular Resistance Committees	Israel Israel Defense Forces Israel Security Agency	Defeat IDF declared unilateral ceasefire, 12 hours later Hamas announced a one-week ceasefire. Humanitarian crisis and deterioration of infrastructure and basic services in Gaza. [11] Temporary reduction in the number of rockets being fired from the Gaza Strip. See results
2012 Gaza War (2012)	Gaza Strip Hamas Al-Qassam Brigades Palestinian Islamic Jihad [12] Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine–General Command Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine [13] Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Popular Resistance Committees [14]   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades [15] Jaysh al-Ummah [16]	Israel	Ceasefire [17] [18] [19] both sides claim victory According to Israel, the operation "severely impaired Hamas's launching capabilities." [20] According to Hamas, their rocket strikes led to the ceasefire deal [21] Cessation of rocket fire into Israel Gaza fishermen allowed 6 nmi (11 km) out to sea for fishing; [22] reduced back to 3 nmi (6 km) after 22 March 2013 [23]
2014 Gaza War (2014)	Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine [24] Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine [25] Popular Resistance Committees [24]   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades [26] Abdullah Azzam Brigades [27] Jaysh al-Ummah [16]	Israel	Inconclusive [28] [29] According to Israel, Hamas was severely weakened and achieved none of its demands [30] According to Hamas, Israel was repelled from Gaza [31]
2021 Israel–Palestine crisis (2021)	Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades [32] Smaller militant groups [a] Protesters in Israel and Palestine Arab Israeli protesters Palestinian protesters in the West Bank and Jerusalem Jordanian, Lebanese, and Syrian protesters (see international)	Israel   Israel Defense Forces   Israeli Air Force Israel Police Israel Border Police Shin Bet [34] [35] Jewish Israeli protesters	Ceasefire Return to status quo ante bellum ; ceasefire went into effect Victory claimed by both sides Halting of both Israeli airstrikes inside the Gaza Strip and Palestinian rocket fire into Israel
Gaza war (2023–present)	Hamas Palestinian allies:   Palestinian Islamic Jihad   Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine   Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades Palestinian Mujahideen Movement Palestinian Freedom Movement Popular Resistance Committees Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command Abdul al-Qadir al-Husseini Brigades Jaysh al-Ummah	Israel [b] Allies: Popular Forces [c] [d]	Ongoing

See also

• Palestine portal
• Israel portal
• Lists portal

• List of wars involving Israel
• List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
• Palestinian casualties of war

Notes

1. Besides Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, FDD's Long War Journal identified the following militant groups as having fought in the 2021 conflict: Jihad Jibril Brigades, Humat al-Aqsa, Jaysh al-Ummah, Katibat al-Sheikh al-Emireen, Mujahideen Brigades, Abdul al-Qadir al-Husseini Brigades, and two al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades splinter factions. ^[33]
2. See List of military aid to Israel during the Gaza war and American involvement
3. Popular Forces have been described as a Salafi Jihadist organisation with alleged ties to the Islamic State. Several senior leaders in the Popular Forces also allied with the Islamic State in the Sinai. ^[36]
4. From May 2024 ^{[37] [38] [39]}

References

1. The State of Palestine proclaimed its independence on 15 November 1988, roughly a year after the start of the grassroot uprising in the Palestinian territories, known as the First Intifada.
2. Kober, Avi, Israel's Wars of Attrition: Attrition Challenges to Democratic States, p. 165
3. Murphy, Kim (10 September 1993). "Israel and PLO, in Historic Bid for Peace, Agree to Mutual Recognition". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2014.
4. Amos Harel; Avi Issacharoff (1 October 2010). "Years of Rage". Haaretz . Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
5. Laura King (28 September 2004). "Losing faith in the intifada". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
6. Jackson Diehl (27 September 2004). "From Jenin to Falluja". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
7. Zeev Chafetz (22 July 2004). "The Intifadeh is over – just listen". World Jewish Review. Archived from the original on 4 August 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
8. Major-General (res) Yaakov Amidror (23 August 2010). "Winning the counterinsurgency war: The Israeli experience". Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs . Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
9. Hillel Frisch (12 January 2009). "The need for a decisive Israeli victory over Hamas" (PDF). Begin–Sadat Center for Strategic Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
10. "Israel shells Gaza for first time in months". International Herald Tribune. May 19, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
11. "Gaza Humanitarian Situation Report – January 2, 2009 as of 14:30" (PDF). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 2009-01-02. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
12. "IDF believes Hamas, Islamic Jihad will honor cease-fire". The Jerusalem Post. 22 November 2012. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
13. "PFLP says fighters will continue to strike Israel". Ma'an News Agency. 17 November 2012. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
14. "Occupied Quds City Targeted by Palestinian Missile". Fars News Agency. 20 November 2012. Archived from the original on 16 December 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
15. "Fatah: We also fought against Israel in Pillar of Defense". The Jerusalem Post . 24 November 2012. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
16. "Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza)". European Council on Foreign Relations . Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
17. Londoño, Ernesto; Birnbaum, Michael (21 November 2012). "After Israel, Hamas reach Gaza cease-fire, both sides claim victory". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
18. Kalman, Matthew; Sengupta, Kim (21 November 2012). "Fragile truce deal hailed as a victory on both sides". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
19. Ahren, Raphael (21 November 2012). "Israel says it 'fulfilled all its goals,' while Hamas hails an 'exceptional victory'". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
20. Lyon, Alistair, ed. (21 November 2012). "Israel's battle damage report says Hamas crippled". Jewish Journal. Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
21. Balmer, Crispian (21 November 2012). "Analysis: Relief at Gaza ceasefire can't mask its frailty". Reuters. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
22. "Israel eases restrictions on Gaza fishing – Middle East – Al Jazeera English". Aljazeera.com. 25 November 2012. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
23. Williams, Dan (22 March 2013). "Hamas appeals to Egypt after Israel halves Gaza fishing zone". Reuters. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
24. "Qassam brigades claim rocket, mortar fire at southern Israel Archived 19 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine ", Ma'an News Agency, Monday 21 July 2014.
25. "Abu Jamal: Palestinian resistance continues to confront the occupier with rockets and missiles". PFLP. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
26. "Armed wing linked to Mahmoud Abbas's faction says it shot rockets at Ashkelon, Sderot and elsewhere Wednesday night". The Times of Israel . Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
27. Ben Solomon, Ariel (11 July 2014). "Videos show Lebanese jihadi group active in Gaza". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
28. Inbar, Efraim, Did Israel Weaken Hamas? The 2014 Gaza War, Middle East Quarterly, Spring 2015
29. Prusher, Ilene (26 August 2014). "Israel and Palestinians Reach Open-Ended Cease-Fire Deal". Time. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
30. "Netanyahu: Hamas suffered its greatest blow since it was founded". The Jerusalem Post . 27 August 2014. Archived from the original on 27 May 2021. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
31. Daraghmeh, Mohammed; Laub, Karin (26 August 2014). "Israel-Gaza conflict: Hamas claims 'victory for the resistance' as long-term truce is agreed with Israel". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
32. Maher, Marwan (13 May 2021). "كتائب الأقصى تعلن مشاركتها في ضرب إسرائيل بضرب 106 صاروخ وقذيفة". Al-Masry Al-Youm (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
33. Joe Truzman (4 June 2021). "Analysis: 17 Palestinian militant factions identified in recent Gaza conflict". FDD's Long War Journal . Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
34. "How data and AI drove the IDF operation in Gaza". Ynet News. 29 May 2021. Archived from the original on 1 June 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
35. "Shin Bet aiding attempt to clamp down on Jewish-Arab 'terror' wracking cities". The Times of Israel . 14 May 2021. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
36. Uddin, Rayhan. "'Popular Forces': Who are the Gaza gangsters being armed by Israel?" . Retrieved 22 June 2025.
37. "Leader of militia in Gaza fighting Hamas admits cooperating with IDF". The Times of Israel. 6 July 2025.
38. Fabian, Emanuel; Yohanan, Nurit; Freiberg, Nava (5 June 2025). "Israel providing guns to Gaza gang to bolster opposition to Hamas". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 5 June 2025.
39. Rasgon, Adam (2025-06-06). "Who Is Yasser Abu Shabab, the Leader of the Israeli-Backed Militia in Gaza?". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2025-06-07.