Jadoon

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Jadoon
جدون
Regions with significant populations
Hazara region Abbottabad, Haripur, Mansehra
Languages
Pashto, Hindko
Religion
Islam Allah-green.svg
Related ethnic groups
Pashtuns  • Hazarewal
A member of the Jadoon tribe in traditional dress, 1951 Jadoon tribal elder.png
A member of the Jadoon tribe in traditional dress, 1951

The Jadoon, [a] also known as Gadoon [2] or Jadun (Pashto : ږدون،ګدون،سدون،زدون; Hindko: جدون) is a Pashtun tribe primarily residing in the Hazara and Kohistan regions as well as in the southern slopes of Mahaban mountains, called the Gadoon area in the Swabi district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. [3] Some members of the tribe also live in Nangarhar and Kunar in Afghanistan. [4] [5] [6]

Contents

History

A small section of the Jadoon tribe –using the ethnonym Gadun –speaks Pashto, but the rest of the tribe in the Hazara region has been assimilated into the Hindkowan Hazarewal community and speaks Hindko. [2] Sir Olaf Caroe, a British Raj-era administrator of the NWFP, counts the Jadoon tribe under the Panni sub-division in the genealogy of the Gharghasht in his book The Pathans. [7] According to the historian Ĭuriĭ Vladimirovich Gankovskiĭ (Yuri V. Gankovskiy), professor of Pakistan Studies at Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow, the Jadoons were a tribe of Indo-Aryan origin that were assimilated by the Kakar. [8]

Genetics

Y haplogroup and mtdna haplogroup samples were taken from Jadoon, Yusufzai, Sayyid, Gurjar and Tanoli men living in Swabi District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. Jadoon men are of predominantly East Asian paternal ancestry with West Eurasian maternal ancestry and a lesser amount of South Asian maternal ancestry according to a Y and mtdna haplogroup test indicating local females were marrying immigrant males during the medieval period. Y Haplogroup O3-M122 makes up the majority of Jadoon men, the same haplogroup carried by the majority (50-60%) of the Han Chinese. 82.5% of Jadoon men carry Q-MEH2 and O3-M122, which are both of East Asian origin. O3-M122 was absent in the Sayyid population and appeared in low numbers among Tanolis, Gurjars and Yusufzais. There appears to be founder effect in the O3-M122 among the Jadoon. [9] 76.32% of Jadoon men carry O3-M122 while 0.75% of Tanolis, 0.81% of Gurjars and 2.82% of Yusufzais carry O3-M122. [10] [11]

56.25% of Jadoons in another test were found to carry West Eurasian maternal Haplogroup H (mtDNA). [12] Dental morphology of the Swabi Jadoons was also analyzed and compared to other groups in the region like Yusufzais and Sayyids. [13]

People


See also

References

  1. ↑ May also be written as Gadoon on older historical books
    The original name of the tribe was Zhadoon, but was changed to Gadoon due to the hard dialect of Pashto, and due to grammar habits of the tribes of the Peshawar valley with the tendency to change the letters ژ into ج, the variant Jadoon appeared [1]
  1. ↑ History of Pashtuns Jadoon/Gadoon tribe January 2015
  2. 1 2 Hemphill, Brian E. (2023). "Population Dynamics among Ethnic Groups Residing in Hazarewal and Chitral-Gilgit-Baltistan". Ancient Pakistan. 34. University of Peshawar: 29–79. ISSN   2708-4590.
  3. ↑ Jadoon, Sultan.  "The Jadoons" , 2017.
  4. ↑ Bergen, Peter; Tiedemann, Katherine (4 January 2013). Talibanistan: Negotiating the Borders Between Terror, Politics, and Religion. Oxford University Press. p. 220. ISBN   978-0-19-998677-4.
  5. ↑ Steinberg, S. (29 December 2016). The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1954. Springer. p. 210. ISBN   978-0-230-27083-1.
  6. ↑ Hille, Charlotte (6 May 2020). Clans and Democratization: Chechnya, Albania, Afghanistan and Iraq. BRILL. p. 247. ISBN   978-90-04-41548-5.
  7. ↑ Caroe, Olaf (1958) The Pathans: 550 B.C. – A.D. 1957. Macmillan & Co. p. 19. ISBN   978-0710-30682-1
  8. ↑ Gankovskiy, Yuri Vladimirovich (1971). The Peoples of Pakistan: An Ethnic History. Translated by Gavrilov, Igor. Moscow: Nauka, Central Department of Oriental literature. p. 135. ISBN   978-9699988-32-5. OCLC   201120.
  9. ↑ Tariq, Muhammad; Ahmad, Habib; Hemphill, Brian E.; Farooq, Umar; Schurr, Theodore G. (2022). "Contrasting maternal and paternal genetic histories among five ethnic groups from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan". Scientific Reports. 12 (1027): 1027. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.1027T. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05076-3. PMC   8770644 . PMID   35046511.
  10. ↑ Tariq, Muhammad (2017). Genetic Analysis of the Major Tribes of Buner and Swabi Areas through Dental Morphology and DNA Analysis (This research study has been conducted and reported as partial fulfillment of the requirements of PhD degree in Genetics awarded by Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan). Hazara University, Mansehra. pp. 1–229. Docket 13737.
  11. ↑ http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9941/1/Muhammad%20Tariq_Genetics_2017_HU_Mansehra_Main%20part.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
  12. ↑ Akbae, N.; Ahmad, H.; Nadeem, M.S.; Hemphill, B.E.; Muhammad, K.; Ahmad, W.; Ilyas, M. (24 June 2016). "HVSI polymorphism indicates multiple origins of mtDNA in the Hazarewal population of Northern Pakistan" (PDF). Genetics and Molecular Research. 15 (2). Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Garden Campus, Mansehra, Pakistan: 1–10. doi:10.4238/gmr.15027167.
  13. ↑ Zubair, Muhammad; Ahmad, Habib; Hemphill, Brian E.; Tariq4, Muhammad; Shah, Muzafar (25 March 2021). "Identification of Genetic Lineage of Peshawar and Nowshera Tribes through Dental Morphology". Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 53 (3). Zoological Society of Pakistan. doi: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190927080941 .{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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