Tvrtko Jakovina | |
|---|---|
 Tvrtko Jakovina in front of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb | |
| Born | 2 March 1972 |
| Occupation | historian [1] |
| Awards | Annual State Prize for Science (2004) and Annual Award of Association of University Professors and other scientists (2003) |
Tvrtko Jakovina (born 2 March 1972) is a Croatian historian. Jakovina is a full time professor at the Department of History at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb. [2] [3]
Tvrtko Jakovina was born in the eastern Croatian town of Požega where he finished elementary school and high school, and also completed his compulsory military service. [4]
He studied history at the University of Zagreb from 1991 to 1996. Jakovina was the founder and first honorary member of the Croatian branch of International Students of History Association. [4] As an exchange student he attended courses at University of Kansas, USIA and Boston College. [4] He completed his postgraduate studies at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. [4] During the 2000/01 academic year, he was a Fulbright Visiting Scholar at Georgetown University in Washington D.C. [4] Since then, he has also attended London School of Economics and Political Science and seminars on the Holocaust in Israel. [4] He defended his PhD thesis at the University of Zagreb in 2002, receiving, after the publication, the annual prize for young scientists in the fields of history and humanities. [5]
Jakovina has presented many public lectures and attended many forums in Croatia and abroad. [6] He has co-authored a history textbook for senior high school students [4] and has authored hundreds of articles published in daily newspapers such as Jutarnji list and Vjesnik . [4] Due to his publicly expressed attitudes on the importance of objectivity in historical studies, he has often been attacked by Croatian radical right-wingers. [7] In his work, he is mostly interested in the history of the 20th century, American history, the Cold War, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the policy of detente. [8] [9] His books received state prizes in 2004 and 2014, while he also received Kiklop book prize in 2013. [10] Jakovina is a coordinator of the postgraduate Diplomacy study program of the Faculty of Political Science and the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. [10]
Tvrtko Jakovina is a prominent public critic of the violent right-wing Croatian nationalism, historical revisionism of World War II oriented towards unscientific positive reinterpretations of the Nazi puppet state Independent State of Croatia and absent or unscientific recognition of Ustaše genocide against Serbs, Jews, Roma and other crimes against their opponents. [11] [12] [13]
Jakovina has signed the CIVICO Europa initiative against autocratic policies in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. [14] The initiative was signed by 73 European personalities including Jean-Claude Juncker, Carl Bildt, Slavoj Žižek and from Croatia alongside Jakovina also Miljenko Jergović, Vesna Pusić, Seid Serdarević and Željko Trkanjec. [14]
The Croatian Spring, or Maspok, was a political conflict that took place from 1967 to 1971 in the Socialist Republic of Croatia, at the time part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. As one of six republics comprising Yugoslavia at the time, Croatia was ruled by the League of Communists of Croatia (SKH), nominally independent from the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ), led by President Josip Broz Tito. The 1960s in Yugoslavia were marked by a series of reforms aimed at improving the economic situation in the country and increasingly politicised efforts by the leadership of the republics to protect the economic interests of their respective republics. As part of this, political conflict occurred in Croatia when reformers within the SKH, generally aligned with the Croatian cultural society Matica hrvatska, came into conflict with conservatives.
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Jutarnji list is a Croatian daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in Zagreb since 6 April 1998, by EPH which eventually changed name in Hanza Media, when bought by Marijan Hanžeković. The newspaper is published in the berliner format and online. Its online edition jutarnji.hr is the second most visited news website in Croatia after Index.hr.
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Martin Previšić is a Croatian historian. Previšić is an assistant professor at the University of Zagreb's Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.
Dejan Jović is a political scientist from Croatia. He is a full-time professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the University of Zagreb. From 2012 to 2020, Jović was editor-in-chief of the Croatian Political Science Review, one of the leading academic journals of political science and social science in Southeast Europe. He is also one of the founders and editor-in-chief of the peer reviewed journal Tragovi: Journal for Serbian and Croatian Topics published by the Serb National Council and the Archive of Serbs in Croatia.
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The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement, an international groupation established to maintain independence of countries beyond Eastern and Western Bloc from the major Cold War powers. Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia, hosted the First Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in September 1961 and the Ninth Summit in September 1989.
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Germany–Yugoslavia relations were post–World War I historical foreign relations between Germany and now split-up Yugoslavia. The relations between the two countries and societies have been marked by an extensive and complicated history.
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The 9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement on 4–7 September 1989 in Belgrade, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia was the conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement. Belgrade was the first city to host the Summit for the second time after it hosted the 1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1961. Yugoslavia was unanimously selected as the host of the Summit at the 1988 Non-Aligned Foreign Ministers Conference in Nicosia, Cyprus. While the Federal Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Yugoslavia led by Budimir Lončar was excited, the Presidency of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav collective head of state, was skeptical about the prospects of hosting the event but ultimately supported it by Josip Vrhovec in fear that rejection may show the level of the crisis in the country. The comparatively weak federal government organizers of the event ultimately hoped that the conference may convince leaders of the strong Yugoslav federal republics to resolve the early Yugoslav crisis in a constructive and peaceful way, yet it nevertheless escalated in 1991 Yugoslav Wars. The event is therefore sometimes described as the swan song of the prominent Yugoslav Cold War diplomacy. Summit took place at the Sava Centar in New Belgrade. Janez Drnovšek held the opening remarks in Slovenian language.
4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement took place on 5–9 September 1973 in Algiers, the capital city of Algeria. The event took place in the Palace of Nations outside of the capital city. The general agenda for the summit was initially defined at the 1973 ministerial meeting in Kabul where Algerian delegation welcomed primary contribution of Guyana, India and SFR Yugoslavia. 76 countries in total participated in the summit calling upon the United States and the Soviet Union not to take important decisions on disarmament, world trade or the world monetary system without the effective participating on the Third World.
6th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement took place on 3–9 September 1979 in Havana, the capital city of Cuba. 93 countries took part in the summit. It was the first NAM summit which took place in one Iberoamerican country. The event was marked by political and ideological divisions among the non-aligned countries. The organizer wanted to use the event to propose "a natural alliance" between the movement and the Eastern Bloc causing strong resistance from some members, particularly SFR Yugoslavia. While both Cuba and Yugoslavia were at the time nominally socialist states, they took substantially different position in world politics with Cuba perceiving United States and Yugoslavia perceiving Soviet Union as the main threat to its independence.
The Mediterranean island country of Cyprus was one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement with Makarios III attending the 1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade, SFR Yugoslavia in 1961, just one year after the Cypriot independence. Membership in the movement was perceived as one of two major foreign-policy alternatives with the first one being formal membership in NATO at least nominally supported by both Greece and Turkey in the initial period after the London and Zürich Agreements, and the second one being pro-Western participation in the Non-Aligned Movement. The United Kingdom and the United States preferred this second option at least until 1963.
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