Sir Samuel Walker Griffith was an Australian judge and politician who served as the inaugural Chief Justice of Australia, in office from 1903 to 1919. He also served a term as Chief Justice of Queensland and two terms as Premier of Queensland, and played a key role in the drafting of the Australian Constitution.
Each Australian state has a governor to represent Australia's monarch within it. The governors are the nominal chief executives of the states, performing the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the governor-general of Australia at the national or federal level. In practice, with notable exceptions the governors are generally required by convention to act on the advice of the state premiers or the other members of a state's cabinet.
The premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories are the heads of the executive governments in the six states and two self-governing territories of Australia. They perform the same function at the state and territory level as the Prime Minister of Australia performs at the national level. The King of Australia and the state governors are the formal repositories of executive power; however, in practice they act only on the advice of state premiers and ministers except in extreme circumstances, such as a constitutional crisis.
The following lists events that happened during 2002 in Australia.
The following lists events that happened during 2001 in Australia.
The following lists events that happened during 1981 in Australia.
Government in Australia is elected by universal suffrage and Australian women participate in all levels of the government of the nation. In 1902, the newly formed Commonwealth of Australia became the first nation on earth to enact equal suffrage, enabling women to both vote and stand for election alongside men Women have been represented in Australian state parliaments since 1921, and in the Federal Parliament since 1943. The first female leader of an Australian State or Territory was elected in 1989, and the first female Prime Minister took office in 2010. In 2019 for the first time, a majority of members of the Australian Senate were women. At the time of its foundation in 1901, and again from 1952 to 2022, Australia has had a female monarch as ceremonial Head of State, while the first female Governor of an Australian State was appointed in 1991, and the first female Governor-General of Australia took office in 2008.
The following lists events that happened during 1920 in Australia.
The following is the order of precedence for Australia:
- The King of Australia: His Majesty King Charles III
- The Governor-General of Australia: Her Excellency the Hon Sam Mostyn AC
- The Governor of the State when within their own State.
- The Governors of the other States in order of appointment:
- Governor of New South Wales: Margaret Beazley
- Governor of Tasmania: Barbara Baker
- Governor of South Australia: Frances Adamson
- Governor of Queensland: Jeannette Young
- Governor of Western Australia: Chris Dawson
- Governor of Victoria: Margaret Gardner
- When within the Northern Territory, the Administrator of the Northern Territory: Hugh Heggie
- The Prime Minister: Anthony Albanese
- When within their own State or Territory, the Premier of the State or the Chief Minister of the Territory
- The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives in order of election :
- President of the Senate Senator: Sue Lines
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: Milton Dick
- The Chief Justice of Australia: Stephen Gageler
- Senior diplomatic posts:
- Ambassadors and High Commissioners in order of date of presentation of the Letters of Credence or Commission
- Chargés d'affaires en pied or en titre in order of date of presentation of the Letters of Credence or Commission
- Chargés d'affaires ad interim and Acting High Commissioners in order of date of assumption of duties
- Members of the Federal Executive Council under summons :
- Ministry List
- The Administrator of the Northern Territory: Hugh Heggie
- The Leader of the Opposition: Peter Dutton
- Former holders of high offices:
- Former Governors-General in order of leaving office:
- William Deane (1996–2001)
- Peter Hollingworth (2001–2003)
- Quentin Bryce (2008–2014)
- Peter Cosgrove (2014–2019)
- David Hurley (2019-2024)
- Former Prime Ministers in order of leaving office:
- Paul Keating (1991–1996)
- John Howard (1996–2007)
- Kevin Rudd
- Julia Gillard (2010–2013)
- Tony Abbott (2013–2015)
- Malcolm Turnbull (2015–2018)
- Scott Morrison (2018–2022)
- Former Chief Justices in order of leaving office:
- Anthony Mason (1987–1995)
- Murray Gleeson (1998–2008)
- Robert French (2008–2017)
- Susan Kiefel (2017–2023)
- Premiers of states in order of state populations, then Chief Ministers of the territories in order of territory populations:
- Premier of New South Wales: Chris Minns
- Premier of Victoria: Jacinta Allan
- Premier of Queensland: Annastacia Palaszczuk
- Premier of Western Australia: Roger Cook
- Premier of South Australia: Peter Malinauskas
- Premier of Tasmania: Jeremy Rockliff
- Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory: Andrew Barr
- Chief Minister of the Northern Territory: Natasha Fyles
- The Lord Mayor when within their jurisdiction
- Justices of the High Court in order of appointment:
- Michelle Gordon AC
- James Edelman
- Simon Steward
- Jacqueline Sarah Gleeson
- Jayne Jagot
- Robert Beech-Jones
- Senior judges:
- Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia: Debra Mortimer
- Chief Justice of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia : Will Alstergren
- Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia : Jointly held with the above by Will Alstergren
- The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the (Australian) jurisdiction
- The other Chief Justices of the Supreme Courts of the States and Territories in order of appointment :
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of South Australia: The Hon Chris Kourakis SC
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tasmania: The Hon Alan Blow AO
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory: Michael Grant
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria: Anne Ferguson
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia: Peter Quinlan SC
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales: The Hon Andrew Bell SC
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory: Lucy McCallum
- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland: The Hon Helen Bowskill KC
- Australian members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom in order of appointment:
- The Rt Hon Ian Sinclair AC
- The Rt Hon Sir William Heseltine
- The Chief of the Defence Force
- Chief Judges of State and Territory Courts in order of their appointment to any of their respective jurisdictions' courts
- Members of Parliament
- Presidents of Federal Tribunals:
- The President of the Fair Work Commission: The Hon Justice Adam Hatcher SC
- The President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal: The Hon Justice Emilios Kyrou AO
- Other Judges of Federal, State and Territory Courts in order of their appointment to any of their respective jurisdictions' courts
- Lord Mayors of capital cities in order of city populations:
- Lord Mayor of Sydney: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Sydney, Councillor Clover Moore AO
- Lord Mayor of Melbourne: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Melbourne, Councillor Sally Capp AO
- Lord Mayor of Brisbane: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Brisbane, Councillor Adrian Schrinner
- Lord Mayor of Perth: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Perth, Mr Basil Zempilas
- Lord Mayor of Adelaide: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Adelaide, Dr Jane Lomax-Smith AM
- Lord Mayor of Hobart: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Hobart, Councillor Anna Reynolds
- Lord Mayor of Darwin: The Rt Worshipful the Lord Mayor of Darwin, the Hon Kon Vatskalis
- Heads of religious communities according to the date of assuming office in Australia
- The Presiding Officer(s) of the State Legislature when in their own jurisdiction.
- Presiding officers of the other State Legislatures in order of appointment, then Presiding Officer of Territory Legislatures in order of appointment:
- Speaker of the Victorian Legislative Assembly: Colin Brooks
- Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland: Curtis Pitt
- President of the Victorian Legislative Council: Nazih Elasmar
- Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly: Jonathan O'Dea
- President of the Tasmanian Legislative Council: Craig Farrell
- President of the South Australian Legislative Council: John Dawkins)
- Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly: Michelle Roberts)
- President of the New South Wales Legislative Council: Matthew Mason-Cox
- President of the Western Australian Legislative Council: Alanna Clohesy
- Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly: Mark Shelton
- Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly: Dan Cregan
- Speaker of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly: Joy Burch
- Speaker of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly: Ngaree Ah Kit
- The members of the particular State Executive Council under summons, then the Members of the other State Executive Councils in order of state populations, and then the Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory and then Members of the Northern Territory Executive Council:
- Executive Council of New South Wales
- Executive Council of Victoria
- Executive Council of Queensland
- Executive Council of Western Australia
- Executive Council of South Australia
- Executive Council of Tasmania
- Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory
- Executive Council of the Northern Territory
- The Leader of the Opposition of the particular State, and then Leaders of the Opposition of State Legislatures in order of state populations, then Leaders of the Opposition in Territory Legislatures in order of territory populations:
- Leader of the Opposition of New South Wales: Mark Speakman
- Leader of the Opposition of Victoria: John Pesutto
- Leader of the Opposition of Queensland: David Crisafulli
- Leader of the Opposition of Western Australia: Shane Love
- Leader of the Opposition of South Australia: Peter Malinauskas
- Leader of the Opposition of Tasmania: Rebecca White
- Leader of the Opposition of the Australian Capital Territory: Elizabeth Lee
- Leader of the Opposition of the Northern Territory: Lia Finocchiaro
- Members of the Federal Executive Council not under summons
- Members of the particular State or Territory legislature, and then Members of State and Territory Legislatures in order of population:
- New South Wales Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
- Victorian Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
- Queensland Legislative Assembly
- Western Australian Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
- South Australian House of Assembly and Legislative Council
- Tasmanian House of Assembly and Legislative Council
- Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
- Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
- The Secretaries of Departments of the Australian Public Service and their peers and the Chiefs of the Air Force, Army, and Navy in order of first appointment to this group:
- Chief of Air Force: Air Marshal Robert Chipman
- Chief of Army: Lieutenant General Simon Stuart
- Chief of Navy: Vice Admiral Mark Hammond
- Consuls-General, Consuls and Vice-Consuls according to the date on which recognition was granted
- Recipients of Decorations or Honours from the Sovereign, specifically Decorations or Honours which are at or above the Knight Bachelor or above, and precedence being established according to the Australian honours order of wearing, and, where two people hold the same decoration or honour, according to the date on which the award was announced
- Citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia
The states and territories are the second level of government of Australia. The states are partially sovereign, administrative divisions that are self-governing polities, having ceded some sovereign rights to the federal government. They have their own constitutions, legislatures, executive governments, judiciaries and law enforcement agencies that administer and deliver public policies and programs. Territories can be autonomous and administer local policies and programs much like the states in practice, but are still legally subordinate to the federal government.
The chief minister of the Australian Capital Territory is the head of government of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The leader of the party with the largest number of seats in the unicameral Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly usually takes on the role. Unlike other states and territories, the chief minister is not appointed by a governor or administrator, but elected directly by the Assembly.
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