Related Research Articles
Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film directed, photographed, and edited by George A. Romero, written by Romero and John Russo, produced by Russell Streiner and Karl Hardman, and starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea. The story follows seven people trapped in a farmhouse in rural Pennsylvania, under assault by reanimated corpses. Although the flesh-eating monsters that appear in the film are referred to as "ghouls", they are credited with popularizing the modern portrayal of zombies in popular culture.
Japanese horror is horror fiction derived from popular culture in Japan, generally noted for its unique thematic and conventional treatment of the horror genre differing from the traditional Western representation of horror. Japanese horror tends to focus on psychological horror, tension building (suspense), and the supernatural, particularly involving ghosts (yūrei) and poltergeists. Other Japanese horror fiction contains themes of folk religion such as possession, exorcism, shamanism, precognition, and yōkai. Media in which the genre of Japanese horror fiction can be found include artwork, theater, literature, film, anime and video games.
A zombie is a mythological undead corporeal revenant created through the reanimation of a corpse. In modern popular culture, zombies are most commonly found in horror and fantasy genre works. The term comes from Haitian folklore, in which a zombie is a dead body reanimated through various methods, most commonly magical practices in religions like Vodou. Modern media depictions of the reanimation of the dead often do not involve magic but rather science fictional methods such as carriers, fungi, radiation, mental diseases, vectors, pathogens, parasites, scientific accidents, etc.
Zombie apocalypse is a subgenre of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction in which society collapses due to overwhelming swarms of zombies. Typically only a few individuals or small bands of survivors are left living. In some versions, the reason the dead rise and attack humans is unknown, in others, a parasite or infection is the cause, framing events much like a plague. Some stories have every corpse rise, regardless of the cause of death, whereas others require exposure to the infection.
Nazi zombies are a horror trope found in films, video games, and comic books. Nazi zombie narratives usually feature undead Nazi soldiers resurrected to fight for the Third Reich. The book Nazisploitation!: The Nazi Image in Low-Brow Cinema and Culture described the genre as a small theme of horror films.
A zombie film is a film genre. Zombies are fictional creatures usually portrayed as reanimated corpses or virally infected human beings. They are commonly portrayed as cannibalistic in nature. While zombie films generally fall into the horror genre, some cross over into other genres, such as action, comedy, science fiction, thriller, or romance. Distinct subgenres have evolved, such as the "zombie comedy" or the "zombie apocalypse". Zombies are distinct from ghosts, ghouls, mummies, Frankenstein's monsters or vampires, so this article does not include films devoted to these types of undead.
The survival film is a film genre in which one or more characters make an effort at physical survival. The genre focuses on characters' life-or-death struggles, often set against perilous circumstances. Survival films explore the human will to live, individual motivations, and personal desires, prompting audiences to reflect on broader aspects of humanity and personal values. They balance realism and believability with slow-burning suspense to maintain a sense of urgency. While some survival films may have epic scopes and lengthy running times, their effectiveness lies in creating an atmosphere where every moment poses a passive threat to the protagonist's existence.
The vigilante film is a film genre in which the protagonist or protagonists engage in vigilante behavior, taking the law into their own hands. Vigilante films are usually revenge films in which the legal system fails protagonists, leading them to become vigilantes. The vigilante film has in recent years often crossed over with the superhero genre, due to character origin stories frequently involving an injustice having been committed against them.
Satire is a television and film genre in the fictional or pseudo-fictional category that employs satirical techniques.
Psychological drama, or psychodrama, is a sub-genre of drama that places emphasis on psychological elements. It often overlaps with other genres such as crime, fantasy, black comedy, and science fiction, and it is closely related with the psychological horror and psychological thriller genres. Psychological dramas use these genres' tropes to focus on the human condition and psychological effects, usually in a mature and serious tone.
References
- ↑ Ian Conrich and David Woods (eds), The Cinema of John Carpenter: The Technique of Terror (Wallflower Press, 2004), p. 17, ISBN 1 -904764-14-2.
- 1 2 3 Cogan B, Kelso T (2009). Encyclopedia of Politics, the Media, and Popular Culture. ABC-CLIO, p. 119, ISBN 9780313343797
- ↑ "A Bucket of Blood (1959) - Roger Corman | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Davidson, Telly (2016). Culture War: How the '90s Made Us Who We Are Today (Whether We Like It or Not). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1-4766-6619-8. (p. 162)
- 1 2 3 4 5 Davies, Clive (2015). Spinegrinder: The Movies Most Critics Won’t Write About. SCB Distributors. ISBN 9781909394063.
- 1 2 3 Westfahl, Gary (2005). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders, Volume 2, Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 694, ISBN 9780313329524. Quote: "Science fiction films often turn to satire to comment on contemporary trends. Dr Strangelove satirizes the politicians and scientists who plot nuclear war; Woody Allen's Sleeper (1973) brings a slapstick sensibility to the story of a contemporary man who awakens to find himself in a strange future world; and Paul Verhoeven's Robocop (1987) satirically comments upon the casual violence and corruption of its future world even as it indulges in a violent spectacle of its own."
- ↑ Webley SJ, Zackariasson P (2019). The Playful Undead and Video Games: Critical Analyses of Zombies and Gameplay. Routledge. ISBN 9781351716512. Quote: "Resident Evil 5 (Capcom, 2009) faced accusations of racism in its depiction of African zombies (Brock 2011; Pham 2009; Goldstein 2009), suggesting that the undead are not quite 'other' enough to alleviate moral and social concerns. This is an ironic turn in zombies' popular culture history, perhaps, given the satirical intentions of George A. Romero's original zombie movie, Night of the Living Dead (The Walter Reade Organization, 1968). The film was released just six months after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., and Romero sought to cast non-white actors in significant roles and went so far as to depict the lynching and murder of a key black character at the film's conclusion."
- ↑ "The Werewolf of Washington (1973) - Milton Moses Ginsberg, Nina Schulman | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Knöppler, Christian (2017). The Monster Always Returns: American Horror Films and Their Remakes, transcript Verlag, p. 91, ISBN 9783839437353.
- 1 2 3 Nillson J (2013), American Film Satire in the 1990s: Hollywood Subversion, Springer, ISBN 9781137300997
- ↑ "1984 (1984) - Michael Radford | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Freudenburg, Kirk. Satires of Rome: Threatening Poses from Lucilius to Juvenal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-521-00621-X.
- ↑ Levy, Emanuel (1999). Cinema of Outsiders: The Rise of American Independent Film . New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-5123-7., p. 285.
- ↑ Lethem, Jonathan (2010). They Live: A Novel Approach to Cinema, Catapult, ISBN 9781593763930.
- 1 2 Hughes, Howard (2014). Outer Limits: The Filmgoers’ Guide to the Great Science-Fiction Films. Bloomsbury Publishing. pgs. 230, 253. ISBN 9780857723932.
- ↑ Flanders, Judith (2014),The Making of Home: The 500-Year Story of How Our Houses Became Our Homes, Atlantic Books, p. 189, ISBN 9781782393788.
- ↑ "But I'm a Cheerleader (1999) - Jamie Babbit | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Fahy, Thomas, ed. (2012). The Philosophy of Horror. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0813136554., p. 121-3. Quote: "[E]xamining the film's satiric treatment of American capitalism and, by extension, a global economic order predicated upon class exploitation. Indeed, the economic system depicted in Land of the Dead has a remarkable parallel with Marx's representation of capitalist society. [...] THe besieged house is transformed into an entire city allegorically representing America and its relationship to the underdeveloped, exploited nations on the periphery of empire."
- ↑ "Idiocracy (2006) - Mike Judge | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ "Long Pigs (2007) - Chris Power, Nathan Hynes | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Cowdell S, Fleming C, Hodge J (2015). Mimesis, Movies, and Media: Violence, Desire, and the Sacred, Volume 3. Bloomsbury Publishing USA, p. 107, ISBN 9781628924657.
- ↑ "Nightcrawler (2014) - Dan Gilroy | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ "The Final Girls (2015) - Todd Strauss-Schulson, Paul Weitz | Synopsis, Characteristics, Moods, Themes and Related | AllMovie".
- ↑ Parker, Sean (2022-05-10). "Friend of the World: The Divine Comedy of Body Horror". Horror Obsessive. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
- ↑ Whipp, Glenn (October 6, 2022). "In 'Triangle of Sadness,' strained satire, and vomit, on the high seas". Los Angeles Times . Archived from the original on December 31, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ↑ Moskin, Julia (January 12, 2023). "'The Menu' Movie Serves Fine Dining on a Skewer". The New York Times . Archived from the original on September 20, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ↑ Bitel, Anton (2024-01-24). "Hemet, Or The Landlady Don't Drink Tea (2023)". Projected Figures. Archived from the original on 2024-01-24. Retrieved 2024-01-25.