List of self-driving system suppliers

This is a list of self-driving car system (SDS) suppliers and self-driving truck system (SDS) suppliers.

Definitions

Light vehicles (LV) include passenger cars, whereas heavy vehicles (HV) include trucks and buses.

Driverless operation means operating vehicles without a human safety driver, that is SAE Level 4 or 5.

Operational design domain (ODD) is the operating conditions in which the SDS can operate, which may be limited in the environment or traffic characteristics. A restricted ODD is limited by design to specific areas or industries, for example highway driving only, or private-ground operation in mine sites or ports.

Light vehicles

Name	Vehicle partners	Country	Launch city	Date of first public road driverless operation
Argo AI	Ford and Volkswagen Group	USA	Munich	2021 [1]
Aurora	Toyota	USA	TBA	n/a
Auto X	SAIC Motor	China	Shenzhen	January 2021 [2]
Baidu	FAW Group [3]	China	Beijing	May 2021 [4]
Cruise	General Motors and Honda [5]	USA	San Francisco	December 2020 [6]
EasyMile	n/a	France	Bad Birnbach	October 2019 [7]
Milla Group	n/a	France	Meudon la Forêt	Feb 2017 [8]
May Mobility	Toyota	USA	Detroit	June 2018 [9]
Mobileye	Volkswagen Group [10]	USA / Germany	Jerusalem	January 2020 [11]
Motional	Hyundai Motor Group	USA	Las Vegas	Feb 2021 [12]
Nuro	Lucid	USA	Mountain View	July 2025
Pony.ai	Toyota	USA	Beijing	April 2022 [13]
Waymo	Chrysler and Jaguar Cars	USA	Phoenix, Arizona	November 2017 [14]
Wayve	Nissan	UK	London	April 2019 [15]
WeRide	Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance [16]	China	Beijing	November 2023 [17]
Woven Planet Holdings	Toyota	Japan	TBA	n/a
Avride	Hyundai [18]	Russia	Innopolis, Tatarstan	August 2018 [19] [20]
Zoox	n/a	USA	Las Vegas	September 2025 [21]

Heavy vehicles

Name	ODD	Vehicle partners	Country	Launch location	Date of first driverless operation
ASI	Restricted (mining)	Liebherr [22]	USA	TBA	n/a
Aurora	n/a	Paccar [23] and Volvo [24]	USA	TBA	n/a
Einride	n/a	n/a	Sweden	TBA	n/a
Gatik.ai	n/a	Isuzu [25]	Canada	Arkansas	[26] August, 2021
kodiak.ai	n/a	n/a	USA	TBA	n/a
Plus.ai	n/a	Iveco [27]	USA	TBA	n/a
torc.ai	n/a	Caterpillar [28] and Mercedes-Benz Group [29]	USA	TBA	n/a
TuSimple	n/a	Traton [30]	USA	Arizona	[31] December, 2019
Waymo	n/a	Mercedes-Benz Group [32]	USA	TBA	n/a

References

1. "Starting today, prototypes of the Volkswagen #IDBUZZAD can be seen on the streets of Munich and Freising in Germany for the first time". 2021-09-20.
2. "Driverless robotaxis are now available for public rides in China" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
3. "Baidu and FAW Group pilot self-driving taxis in Hunan, China" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
4. "Baidu Apollo to launch fully driverless ride-hailing services in Beijing" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
5. "Honda, Cruise and GM take next steps toward autonomous vehicle mobility service business in Japan" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
6. Said, Carolyn (9 December 2020). "Cruise deploys true robot cars in S.F. — no backup drivers behind wheel". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
7. "First in Germany: Autonomous Shuttles Connect Rural Town to Train Station" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
8. "A global offer of autonomous shuttle" . Retrieved 23 Apr 2024.
9. "May Mobility Is Deploying Self-Driving Vehicles Now, Starting In Detroit" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
10. "VW will test its autonomous ID Buzz in the US starting this month" . Retrieved 7 March 2024.
11. Hawkins, Andrew J. (2020-01-07). "Watch Mobileye's self-driving car drive through Jerusalem using only cameras". The Verge. Retrieved 2025-12-26.
12. "Motional Operates Driverless Vehicles on Public Roads" . Retrieved 3 Sep 2021.
13. "Pony.ai Approved for Public Driverless Robotaxi Service in Beijing". Archived from the original on 2025-07-17. Retrieved 2025-12-26.
14. Randazzo, Ryan (30 January 2018). "Waymo to start driverless ride sharing in Phoenix area this year". Arizona Republic . Retrieved 13 June 2018.
15. Butcher, Mike (2019-04-03). "Wayve claims 'world first' in driving a car autonomously with only its AI and a SatNav". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2025-09-11.
16. "Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi becomes lead investor in China autonomous driving company WeRide.ai" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
17. "WeRide received approval to launch a paid service of fully driverless Robotaxis in Beijing". WeRide. November 17, 2023. Retrieved 2025-12-26.
18. "Yandex Debuts Automated Driving Prototypes Based On Hyundai Sonata" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
19. "Беспилотник до работы и обратно" . Retrieved 28 August 2018.
20. "Yandex rolls out Europe's first self-driving cabs in Russia" . Retrieved 30 August 2018.
21. "Zoox robotaxi launches in Las Vegas". Zoox. September 10, 2025. Retrieved 2025-12-26.
22. "Autonomous Solutions, Inc and Liebherr mining equipment announce collaboration towards production of autonomous ready haul trucks" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
23. "Aurora is teaming up with PACCAR to build and deploy self-driving trucks" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
24. "Volvo partners with Aurora to accelerate the deployment of autonomous transport solutions" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
25. "Gatik, Isuzu to partner on autonomous truck platform solutions" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
26. "Structured Autonomy: Gatik's Unique Approach to Commercializing the Middle Mile".
27. "Plus Partners With IVECO To Develop Automated Trucks For Global Deployment" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
28. "Caterpillar details expanded autonomous mining truck capabilities developed with Torc Robotics" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
29. "Daimler Trucks to acquire Torc Robotics" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
30. "The TRATON GROUP and TuSimple Agreed on Global Partnership for Autonomous Trucks" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.
31. "TuSimple Claims Autonomous Trucking's First 'Driver Out' Highway Run".
32. "Strategic partnership. Daimler Trucks and Waymo" . Retrieved 30 April 2021.