List of states in the Holy Roman Empire (H)

Last updated

This is a list of states in the Holy Roman Empire beginning with the letter H.

Contents

Notes: An explanation of these columns is shown in the main article for this topic, linked here. It also expands on other terms used, which may be accessed via: definition of terms.

Notes

  1. Unification of countship of Bergen, margraviate of Valenciennes and the southern countship of the Brabant shire

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emperor of Japan</span> Head of state of Japan

The emperor of Japan is the hereditary monarch and head of state of Japan. The emperor is defined by the Constitution of Japan as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, his position deriving from "the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power". The Imperial Household Law governs the line of imperial succession. Pursuant to his constitutional role as a national symbol, and in accordance with rulings by the Supreme Court of Japan, the emperor is personally immune from prosecution. By virtue of his position as the head of the Imperial House, the emperor is also recognized as the head of the Shinto religion, which holds him to be the direct descendant of the sun goddess Amaterasu. According to tradition, the office of emperor was created in the 7th century BC, but the first historically verifiable emperors appear around the 5th or 6th centuries AD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holy Roman Empire</span> European political entity (800–1806)

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages and lasted for almost a thousand years until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thirty Years' War</span> Major war in Central Europe (1618–1648)

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War, the Torstenson War, the Dutch-Portuguese War, and the Portuguese Restoration War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Count</span> Nobility title in European countries

Count is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Especially in earlier medieval periods the term often implied not only a certain status, but also that the count had specific responsibilities or offices. The etymologically related English term "county" denoted the territories associated with some countships, but not all.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Free imperial city</span> Cities of the Holy Roman Empire with self-rule and representation in the Imperial Diet

In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities, briefly worded free imperial city, was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that had a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imperial circle</span> Administrative groupings of the Holy Roman Empire

During the early modern period, the Holy Roman Empire was divided into imperial circles, administrative groupings whose primary purposes were the organization of common defensive structure and the collection of imperial taxes. They were also used as a means of organization within the Imperial Diet and the Imperial Chamber Court. Each circle had a circle diet, although not every member of the circle diet would hold membership of the Imperial Diet as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imperial Reform</span> 1434–1555 changes in the Holy Roman Empire

Imperial Reform is the name given to repeated attempts in the 15th and 16th centuries to adapt the structure and the constitutional order of the Holy Roman Empire to the requirements of the early modern state and to give it a unified government under either the Imperial Estates or the emperor's supremacy.

<i>Graf</i> Historical title of the German nobility

Graf is a historical title of the German nobility and later also of the Russian nobility, usually translated as "count". Considered to be intermediate among noble ranks, the title is often treated as equivalent to the British title of "earl".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schellenberg</span> Municipality in Unterland, Liechtenstein

Schellenberg is a municipality in the lowland area of Liechtenstein, on the banks of the Rhine. As of 2019, it has a population of 1,107 and covers an area of 3.5 km2 (1.4 sq mi)

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Austrian Circle</span> Imperial circle of the Holy Roman Empire

The Austrian Circle was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire. It was one of the four Imperial Circles created by decree after the 1512 Diet at Cologne, twelve years after the original six Circles were established in the course of the Imperial Reform. It roughly corresponds to present-day Austria, Slovenia, and the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol and Venezia Giulia regions of Northern Italy, but also comprised the Further Austrian territories in the former Swabian stem duchy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bavarian Circle</span> Imperial circle of the Holy Roman Empire

The Bavarian Circle was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swabian Circle</span> Imperial circle of the Holy Roman Empire

The Circle of Swabia or Swabian Circle was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1500 on the territory of the former German stem-duchy of Swabia. However, it did not include the Habsburg home territories of Swabian Austria, the member states of the Swiss Confederacy nor the lands of the Alsace region west of the Rhine, which belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle. The Swabian League of 1488, a predecessor organization, disbanded in the course of the Protestant Reformation and the Thirty Years War later in the 16th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princely abbeys and imperial abbeys of the Holy Roman Empire</span> Religious institutions in the Holy Roman Empire with imperial immediacy

Princely abbeys and Imperial abbeys were religious establishments within the Holy Roman Empire which enjoyed the status of imperial immediacy (Reichsunmittelbarkeit) and therefore were answerable directly to the Emperor. The possession of imperial immediacy came with a unique form of territorial authority known as Landeshoheit, which carried with it nearly all the attributes of sovereignty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imperial Knight</span> Free nobles of the Holy Roman Empire

The Free Imperial Knights were free nobles of the Holy Roman Empire, whose direct overlord was the Emperor. They were the remnants of the medieval free nobility (edelfrei) and the ministeriales. What distinguished them from other knights, who were vassals of a higher lord, was that they had been granted Imperial immediacy, and as such were the equals in most respects to the other individuals or entities, such as the secular and ecclesiastical territorial rulers of the Empire and the free imperial cities, that also enjoyed Imperial immediacy. However, unlike all of those, the Imperial knights did not possess the status of Estates (Stände) of the Empire, and therefore were not represented, individually or collectively, in the Imperial Diet. They tended to define their responsibilities to the Empire in terms of feudalized obligations to the Emperor, including personal service and strictly voluntary financial offerings paid to the Emperor himself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electorate of Bavaria</span> State of the Holy Roman Empire (1623–1806)

The Electorate of Bavaria was a quasi-independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhenish Franconia</span> Western half of the central German stem duchy of Franconia in the 10th and 11th century

Rhenish Franconia or Western Franconia denotes the western half of the central German stem duchy of Franconia in the 10th and 11th century, with its residence at the city of Worms. The territory located on the banks of Rhine river roughly corresponded with the present-day state of Hesse and the adjacent Palatinate region in the south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Peers (Japan)</span> Upper house of the legislature of Imperial Japan (Imperial Diet)

The House of Peers was the upper house of the Imperial Diet as mandated under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince-Bishopric of Verden</span> Prince-Bishopric in the Holy Roman Empire

The Prince-Bishopric of Verden was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that was located in what is today the state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Verden had been a diocese of the Catholic Church since the middle of the 8th century. The state was disestablished in 1648. The territory was managed by secular lords on behalf of the Bishop of Verden. As a Prince-Bishopric of the Empire, the territory of the state was not identical with that of the bishopric, but was located within its boundaries and made up about a quarter of the diocesan area. By the terms of the Peace of Westphalia, the Prince-Bishopric was disestablished and a new entity was established, the Duchies of Bremen and Verden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Territories of the Holy Roman Empire outside the Imperial Circles</span>

When the Imperial Circles — comprising a regional grouping of territories of the Holy Roman Empire — were created as part of the Imperial Reform at the 1500 Diet of Augsburg, many Imperial territories remained unencircled.

References