Local government in Karnataka

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Local government in Karnataka is the third tier constituting the three-tier administration set-up in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is a system of local government which forms the last level from the Centre. [1] [2]

Contents

History

In ancient India, including Karnataka, despite a centralized administration under a King, there was some opportunity for local governance. This is evident from the epigraph inscriptions found across many places in Karnataka which acknowledge right to elect representatives to the assembly or Council. System similar to Panchayat Raj existed in India during Vedic period and has a History of over thousands of years. Systems similar to Grama Panchayat existed in the History with different names in different Timeline. They were called Grama Sabha, Uru, Vokkalu, Gramakaryalaya, Panchayti Kate etc.. They were headed by Urasamastaru, Oora mukhyastharu, Zameendars, Jahagirdars etc. Guidelines i.e., Constitution was compiled by the heads and were called with different names like Samaya, Sthiti, Maryade, Vyavaste, Achara vyavaste. Panchamutts (Not Matha), Agrahara, Brahmapuri, Brahmeswara Keri were the names of the areas where Brahmins resided and was headed by Mahajanaru, Oorodeya, Aiyyanavaru. Assemblies in Towns existed with names like Barabaluthi, Ayagara, Pura, Hittu, Nadu, Mahanadu, Nadagounda Pergade, Nadasabhe, Mandala, Nadu panchayati, Nyaya Samiti etc. Gaunda Prabhu, Nadashyanabogha, Nadagounda, Gouda, Heggade were the chief persons of such bodies. Nagara Mahajana, Pattana shetty, Pattanaswamy, Pattanavergade, Gowda Pattana swamy were the patriarchs of larger Urban areas namely, Nagara, Nakara, Halaru, Nagara samooha, Nakarasamooh, Mahanagara, Bananjupattana etc. Residential Tax was called Manevana and other Taxes were called Jakati. Shanuboga, Senabhovaru were the people who collected the Tax. [3]

Overview

Urban local bodies in Karnataka are segregated into multiple categories like City Corporations, City Municipalities, Town Municipalities and Town Panchayats based on their population. They are governed according 1964 Act for Municipalities (for City or Town Municipalities and Pattana / Town Panchayats) and 1976 Act for Municipal Corporation (for Corporations). The Government of Karnataka has set the guidelines for municipalities according to the 74th Amendment for the Constitution of India. Accordingly, at present there are 10 City Corporations, 59 City Municipal Councils, 116 Town Municipal Councils and 97 Town / Pattana Panchayats in Karnataka. Government has created Notified Area Committees (Four NACs in number) to provide municipal services for specified areas like industrial areas. The main sources of income for the municipalities are:

Administrative units

They are categorized based on life style of the inhabitants. [4]

Urban local bodies

According to 2011 census of India, Karnataka has about 39.6% of total population living in urbanized areas. [5] Considering the demography, they are further classified into the following categories. [6] [7] [8]

  1. City Corporation
  2. City Municipal Council
  3. Town Municipal Council
  4. Town Panchayat

Rural local bodies

Rural local bodies include the panchayat raj institutions of this state. There are three levels in this system as follows. [9] [10]

  1. Village Panchayat
  2. Taluk Panchayat
  3. District Panchayat

Panchayat details by districts

Grama Panchayat details

Source: [11]

District NameNo of GPsNo. of OfficersNo. of Previous MembersNo. of Current Members
Bagalkote 198212628043179
Bengaluru Urban 93234316302439
Bengaluru Rural 101205516501901
Belagavi 506539383098396
Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk)237244133103652
Bidar 185262128733127
Vijayapura 212274135123914
Chamarajanagara 130197220092045
Chikkamagaluru 226214723342305
Chitradurga 189263031363380
Dakshina Kannada 228171731863422
Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara 196262831963238
Dharwad 144144717342029
Gadag 122144315781726
Kalaburagi 263359138173897
Hassan 267385236033682
Haveri 223224428723139
Kodagu 10482712301356
Kolar 156289025082726
Koppal 153215725622597
Mandya 233344036583632
Mysuru 266369341444683
Raichur 179256132223265
Shivamogga 271252627532707
Tumakuru 330540252065312
Udupi 158130022552466
Uttara Kannada 231181525772690
Chikkaballapura 157258923222437
Ramanagara 127240920562031
Yadagiri 123175619892245
TOTAL6021767568803593618

Taluk Panchayat details

Source: [12]

District NameNo of TaluksNo. of OfficersNo. of Previous MembersNo. of Elected MembersNo. of Elected Members Entered
Bagalkote 6100118130129
Bengaluru Urban 480729794
Bengaluru Rural 477687777
Belagavi 10191338345344
Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk)7147133176149
Bidar 592118131127
Vijayapura 5108144159159
Chamarajanagara 453858989
Chikkamagaluru 794109107107
Chitradurga 688128136136
Dakshina Kannada 593123136136
Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara 672129107125
Dharwad 592768282
Gadag 571717575
Kalaburagi 7137155179177
Hassan 8100144153151
Haveri 7111115128126
Kodagu 349495050
Kolar 575102111110
Koppal 465102109105
Mandya 7186156155153
Mysuru 7108171187182
Raichur 581113142117
Shivamogga 79672116116
Tumakuru 10181203215215
Udupi 354959898
Uttara Kannada 11159129130129
Chikkaballapura 69399108107
Ramanagara 467798181
Yadagiri 351829483
TOTAL1762971357839033829

Zilla Panchayat details

Source: [10]

District NameNo. of OfficersNo. of Previous MembersNo. of Elected MembersNo. of Elected Members Entered
Bagalkote 75323635
Bengaluru Urban 62345050
Bengaluru Rural 74182121
Belagavi 86869090
Ballari and Vijayanagara (Except Harapanahalli Taluk)50364040
Bidar 98313434
Vijayapura 42384242
Chamarajanagara 59212323
Chikkamagaluru 92343333
Chitradurga 56333737
Dakshina Kannada 36343636
Davanagere and Harapanahalli Taluk of Vijayanagara 102353636
Dharwad 54222222
Gadag 35181919
Kalaburagi 65354747
Hassan 62404040
Haveri 62303434
Kodagu 62292929
Kolar 52283030
Koppal 45202929
Mandya 80404141
Mysuru 71464949
Raichur 29353838
Shivamogga 64313131
Tumakuru 57575757
Udupi 39252626
Uttara Kannada 40363939
Chikkaballapura 51262828
Ramanagara 61212222
Yadagiri 71222424
TOTAL183299310831082

Elections

Elections are conducted by Karnataka State Election Commission and held once in five years. Karnataka State Election Commissioner is appointed by Governor of Karnataka. [13] Head of the Panchayats includes: [14] [15] [16] [17]

  1. Corporators are the members of a City Corporation led by a Mayor.
  2. Councillors are the members of a City/Town Municipal Council led by a chairman.
  3. Councillors are the members of a Town Panchayat led by a President.
  1. Councillors are the members of a Village/Taluk/District Panchayat led by a President [18] [19]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Local Government". National Portal of India. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  2. ↑ "State election panels: Independent of central EC, with similar powers". The Indian Express. 12 April 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  3. ↑ "GP Link Document - Rural Development and Panchayat Raj Department". rdpr.karnataka.gov.in. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  4. ↑ "A ruse to put off local body elections". Deccan Herald. 16 September 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  5. ↑ "50% of Karnataka to be urbanised by next year | Bengaluru News - Times of India". The Times of India. 3 December 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  6. ↑ "Urban population clocks 31.5 % growth in Karnataka". 23 May 2013.
  7. ↑ "Integrated Government Online Directory". goidirectory.gov.in. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  8. ↑ Moudgal, eep (29 November 2021). "Karnataka: Amid fears of Covid-19 clusters, SEC announces polls to 60 urban local bodies | Bengaluru News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  9. ↑ "BJP-backed Candidates Lead Karnataka Gram Panchayat Polls, Secure 4,228 Seats So Far". News18. 30 December 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  10. 1 2 "Statistics Page". Panchatantra.kar.nic.in. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  11. ↑ "Karnataka state election commission postpones gram panchayat polls". Hindustan Times. 28 May 2020. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  12. ↑ "Statistics Page". Panchatantra.kar.nic.in. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  13. ↑ "Karnataka State Election Commission". karsec.gov.in. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  14. ↑ "What Is Election Commission of India (ECI)?". Business Standard India. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  15. ↑ "Election Commission directs all state electoral officers to immediately redress all pending voter applications". The Statesman. 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  16. ↑ "Karnataka to set up commission to redraw ZP, TP constituencies". The Hindu. 5 September 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  17. ↑ "State election commissioners should be independent, says SC". The Telegraph . 13 March 2021.
  18. ↑ Rao, Madhu (29 May 2020). "Karnataka State Election Commission postpones gram panchayat polls". indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  19. ↑ "State Election Commissioner Conditions of Service Rules, 1994". bareactslive.com. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
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