Luindi Chiefdom | |
---|---|
Chefferie de Luindi | |
Country | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Province | South Kivu |
Territory | Mwenga Territory |
Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
Official language | French |
National language | Kiswahili |
The Luindi Chiefdom (French: Chefferie de Luindi), also known as Lwindi Chiefdom (French: Chefferie de Lwindi), is a traditional administrative unit located in the Mwenga Territory of the South Kivu Province in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is situated in the mountainous area of the Itombwe Massif, which is known for its rich biodiversity and unique wildlife. [1] [2] [3]
The Nyindu people form the predominant population of Lwindi Chiefdom. [4] [5] The Lwindi Chiefdom is subdivided in groupements (groupings) ruled by a traditional leader known as the "mwami" or chief, who is responsible for maintaining law and order, resolving disputes, and managing the affairs of the community. Furthermore, the groupements are subdivided in localités (villages or hamlets) which are also ruled by customary chiefs. [6] [7] [8]
The Luindi Chiefdom is divided into eight groupements (groupings): [9] [6] [8]
Notable villages within the Luindi Chiefdom: [6] [8]
The region has been affected by conflict and insecurity for many years, with various armed groups operating in the area, including the Rally for Congolese Democrac (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; RCD), the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda; FDLR), the March 23 Movement (Mouvement du 23 Mars; M23), the Mai Mai militias, and the Congolese army. [10] [11] [12] [13] As a result, the population of Lwindi Chiefdom has faced significant challenges, including displacement, violence, and limited access to basic services such as healthcare and education. [14] [10] [11] [12]
South Kivu is one of 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Its capital is Bukavu.
The Fuliiru people are a Bantu ethnic group predominantly inhabiting the east-central highlands of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). They reside in the South Kivu Province, situated south of Lake Kivu and to the north and northwest of Uvira Territory, along the Ruzizi Plain near the border with Rwanda and Burundi, where a contingent of Fuliiru also resides. According to the 2009 census, their population estimate exceeded 250,000, while a 1999 estimate of Kifuliiru-language speakers placed the number at 300,000. The Fuliiru are renowned for their skilled craftsmanship, particularly in the production of pottery and basketry. Their handcrafted baskets are highly coveted for their intricate designs and exceptional quality, and are frequently employed for storage, decoration, and even as musical instruments.
Bunyakiri is a town located in the high plateau of Kalehe Territory in the South Kivu Province in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Bunyakiri is nearby the Bulehe and Mulamba villages. It is mainly inhabited by Tembo, Havu, Twa and Hunde ethnic groups.
Raïa Mutomboki or Raiya Mutomboki are a Mai-Mai militia operating in the South Kivu region in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The group formed in 2005 to fight against Rwandan Hutu groups such as the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) as part of the Kivu conflict.
In late March 2022, the March 23 Movement (M23) launched an offensive in North Kivu, clashing with the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) and MONUSCO. The fighting displaced tens of thousands of civilians and caused renewed tensions between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, as the latter was accused of supporting the rebel offensive.
Lemera is one of the groupements (groupings) within the Bafuliiru Chiefdom, located in the Uvira Territory of the South Kivu Province in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is situated in the northwestern part of the Uvira Territory, approximately 60 kilometers north of Bukavu and 90 kilometers southwest of the border with Rwanda and Burundi. Lemera is in close proximity to several villages, including Kasheke, Nyambasha, Luzira, Lukayo, Kajuju, Lushasha, and Ihusi.
Lulenge is one of the four sectors in the Fizi Territory of the South Kivu Province in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is situated near the Kiloba and Makena villages, at an altitude of 943 meters. Its capital is Kilembwe. Lulenge is bordered to the north by the Itombwe sector and Mwenga Territory. In the east, it is bordered by Lake Tanganyika and the Mutambala sector. In the south, it is bordered by the N’gangya sector, and in the west by Shabunda Territory.
Kasika is a village located in the Luindi Chiefdom in the Mwenga Territory in the South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kasika is 965 meters above sea level and is situated in the vicinity of Kihovu and Kahulile and approximately 108 kilometers from Bukavu, near the Rwandan border. The region is more than clusters of mud huts built around a Catholic parish on a hill overlooking a valley. It was the headquarters of the customary chief of the Nyindu ethnic community, whose house and office sat on a hill opposite the parish, a series of large, red-brick structures with cracked ceramic shingles as roofing, laced with vines.
Kinyandonyi is a village in the Rutshuru Territory of the North Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kinyandonyi is situated 10 km east of the city of Kiwanja in Bukoma groupement, in the Bwisha Chiefdom and 85 km north of the capital of the province Goma. The region is inhabited by the Hunde people as well as some remaining autochthonous populations of African Pygmies, including the Twa people and the Mbuti people. In addition to the Hunde, Twa, and Mbuti, there are other ethnic groups, including the Nyanga, Lega, Kumu, Hutu and Tutsi.
Mount Hehu are large hills in the Buhumba Groupement in Bukumu Chefferie (chiefdom) in the Nyiragongo Territory of the North Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Mount Hehu is 2,430 meters high and situated nearby Hibumba and Bungeshi Mukuru villages on the border of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The hills were occupied by Kumu people, Bantu horticulturalists living in the autonomous villages collectively situated at the summit of a hill surrounded by a palisade in the tropical rainforests of Nyiragongo territory and Ituri Province in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Kaniola Groupement, also known as Kanyola, is one of the 16 groupements (groupings) that constitute the Ngweshe Chiefdom of the Shi people. Kaniola Groupement is located at an elevation of 1800 meters and is situated 64 km from Bukavu city. It shares borders with the Kahuzi-Biéga National Park and the Nindja Chiefdom to the northeast, while being bordered by the Izege groupement and Walungu groupement to the east. It is also bordered by the Burhale groupement and Mulamba groupement in the west.
Bwegera is a village in the Bafuliiru Chiefdom in the Uvira Territory of South Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bwegera has an elevation of 952 meters and is situated in the vicinity of the Kakamba and Nyaruhuhuma villages. The region It's crossed by Lake Tanganyika, providing a vital source of water and transportation for the local inhabitants. Bwegera is rich in building materials such as rubble, sand, and baked bricks, making it an ideal location for construction and development. The region also encompasses a vast rural area where agriculture, animal breeding, and fishing are the primary means of livelihood. The fertile land and favorable climate provide ideal conditions for growing a variety of crops, including maize, beans, cassava, and sorghum. Furthermore, the region's proximity to the lake makes fishing a crucial economic activity, providing a source of food and income for many families.
Lubarika is a village situated in the hills and high plateaus of Bafuliiru Chiefdom in Uvira Territory, located in the South Kivu Province in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It sits at an elevation of 969 meters above sea level and is near the villages of Murunga and Nyakagobe II. Lubarika is a predominantly agricultural region with large hectares used for subsistence agriculture. Agriculture is practiced by an extensive segment of the population. The products grown are mainly intended for domestic consumption and commercialization. Moreover, fishing is carried out artisanally in Lake Tanganyika by the local population.
The Kilungutwe River is a stream in the Mwenga Territory of the South Kivu Province, in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). With an elevation of 882 meters, it serves as a tributary to the Ulindi River. Once it merges with the Ulindi River approximately 30 km to the north-west, the Ulindi River continues its course, eventually joining the Congo River. The Kilungutwe River was historically known as the gateway to the jungle from the highlands to the northeast. The river is home to various species of aquatic life, including catfish, tilapia, and mudfish, which are essential to the region's fishing industry. Further downstream, in the Kilungutwe village, the surrounding area is rich in biodiversity, with lush vegetation and a diverse range of flora and fauna. Additionally, the Kilungutwe River is a lifeline for the local economy, providing a crucial source of water for irrigation and fishing. Its impact extends far beyond the village, making it a cornerstone of the larger community's way of life.
The Kasika massacre took place on August 24, 1998, in the villages of Kasika, Kilungutwe, Kalama, and Zokwe, located in the Luindi Chiefdom of the Mwenga Territory in the South Kivu Province, situated in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Troops from the Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD) and soldiers from the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), primarily composed of Tutsi armed forces, killed over 1,000 civilians, predominantly belonging to the Nyindu community.
The Bafuliiru Chiefdom, formerly known as Chefferie des Bafulero, is a traditional administrative unit located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is situated in the Uvira Territory, which is part of the South Kivu Province in eastern DRC.
The Basile Chiefdom is a traditional administrative unit located in the Mwenga Territory of South Kivu Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It shares borders with the Luindi Chiefdom to the east, the Wamuzimu Chiefdom to the west, and is bounded by the Shabunda Territory and Walungu Territory to the north, as well as the Itombwe Sector to the south.
The Ngweshe Chiefdom is a traditional administrative unit located in Walungu Territory, within the South Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It shares borders with Kabare Territory to the north, Rwanda and Burundi to the northeast, Mwenga Territory and Shabunda Territory to the south, and Kaziba Chiefdom to the east. According to the territory's 2018 annual report, the chiefdom has an estimated population of 672,436.
The Bwito Chiefdom is a traditional administrative unit located in the Rutshuru Territory of North Kivu Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is one of the chiefdoms within Rutshuru Territory, bordered to the north by Batangi Chiefdom in Lubero Territory, Bwisha Chiefdom in the east, and to the north-east by Lake Edward and the Republic of Uganda. To the west, it is bordered by Bashali-Mokoto Chiefdom in Masisi Territory, and to the northwest by Wanyanga Chiefdom in Walikale Territory. To the south, it is bordered by Nyiragongo Territory.