Makrani | |
---|---|
مکرانی | |
Native to | Pakistan, Iran [1] |
Region | Makran |
Native speakers | 3.4 million (2003) [2] |
Indo-European
| |
Dialects | |
Balochi Alphabet (Perso-Arabic) | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Makrani (also known as Lotuni, Zadgaali, or Junoobi) [3] [4] is variety of the Balochi language spoken in the historical region of Makran in Balochistan in Pakistan as well as Iran. [5] Spoken by the Makrani people, it is often categorised as an "important" dialect of Balochi. [6] Makrani uses many loanwords especially from Sindhi, Urdu, and Persian. [7] Some people consider Makrani a mix of Balochi and Sindhi. [8] Makrani includes four dialects, Coastal, Lashari, Kechi, and Karachi. The Karachi dialect is spoken in Karachi. [9] Makrani is the second most spoken Balochi dialect after Rakhshani in Iranian Balochistan. [10]
Makrani is notable for being filled with loanwords from other languages. This is primarily seen in Sindhi, while also Persian, Urdu, and Arabic. Loanwords from Urdu is rather new due to the creation of Pakistan. Sindhi has been one of the main languages that Makrani uses for loanwords primarily because of the contact between Lasi speakers. [11] The Makrani dialect also uses loanwords from the now extinct Sidi language, which was considered a variety of Swahili.
Brahui is a Dravidian language spoken by some of the Brahui people. The language is spoken primarily in the central part of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan, with smaller communities of speakers scattered in parts of Iranian Baluchestan, Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan and by expatriate Brahui communities in Iraq, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. It is isolated from the nearest Dravidian-speaking neighbouring population of South India by a distance of more than 1,500 kilometres (930 mi). The Kalat, Khuzdar, Mastung, Quetta, Bolan, Nasirabad, Nushki, and Kharan districts of Balochistan Province are predominantly Brahui-speaking.
Pakistan had a population of 241,492,197 or 241.49 Million according to the final results of the 2023 Census. This figure includes Pakistan's four provinces e.g. Punjab, Sindh, KPK, Balochistan and Islamabad Capital Territory. AJK and Gilgit-Baltistan's census data is yet to be approved by CCI Council of Pakistan. Pakistan is the world's fifth most populous country.
Balochi, Balóchi or Baluchi (بلۏچی) is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, there are speakers in Oman, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkmenistan, East Africa and in diaspora communities in other parts of the world. The total number of speakers, according to Ethnologue, is 8.8 million. Of these, 6.28 million are in Pakistan.
The Baloch or Baluch are a Western Iranic ethnic group native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.
Pashto is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani.
Pakistan is a multilingual country with dozens of languages spoken as first languages. The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family.
Sindhi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 30 million people in the Pakistani province of Sindh, where it has official status. It is also spoken by a further 1.7 million people in India, where it is a scheduled language, without any state-level official status. The main writing system is the Perso-Arabic script, which accounts for the majority of the Sindhi literature and is the only one currently used in Pakistan. In India, both the Perso-Arabic script and Devanagari are used.
Lahnda, also known as Lahndi or Western Punjabi, is a group of north-western Indo-Aryan language varieties spoken in parts of Pakistan and India. It is defined in the ISO 639 standard as a "macrolanguage" or as a "series of dialects" by other authors. Its validity as a genetic grouping is not certain. The terms "Lahnda" and "Western Punjabi" are exonyms employed by linguists, and are not used by the speakers themselves.
The Balochs of Sindh, also known as the SindhiBaloch, is a community of Sindhi-speaking Baloch tribes living throughout the Sindh province of Pakistan.
South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo-Iranic and Dravidian languages, and further members of other language families like Austroasiatic, and Tibeto-Burman languages.
The Baloch diaspora(Balochi: دَرمُلکی بلۏچ or دَرانڈݔھی بلۏچ, romanized: Darmolki Balòc) refers to Baloch people, and their descendants, who have immigrated to places outside the Balochistan region of South-West Asia – a region stretching from southwestern Pakistan to southeastern Iran and southern Afghanistan. The Baloch diaspora is found throughout the Middle East, South Asia, Turkmenistan, East Africa, Europe, North America and in other parts of the world.
Pakistan is one of the world's most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries. The major Pakistani ethnolinguistic groups include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis, Muhajirs, Balochs, Paharis and Brahuis, with significant numbers of Baltis, Kashmiris, Chitralis, Shina, Baltis, Kohistanis, Torwalis, Hazaras, Burusho, Wakhis, Kalash, Siddis, Uzbeks, Nuristanis, Pamiris, Hazarewals, Kyrgyz, Turkmen, Uyghurs and other various minorities.
Faiz Mohammad Faizok Balochi: فیز محمد فیزوک), was a Balochi folk musician and folk singer.
Jaḍgālī or Zadjali is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Jadgal, an ethno-linguistic group of Pakistan and Iran also spoken by few hundreds in Oman. It is one of only two Indo-Aryan languages found on the Iranian plateau. It is a dialect of Sindhi language most closely related to Lasi.
Dehwari is a southwestern Persian language spoken by 19,000 Dehwar people in Balochistan, Pakistan as of 2018. Most of the Dehwari speakers are concentrated in Mastung, Khuzdar, Nushk, Kharan, Sarlath District, Dalbandin, and Kalat.
Baloch people in the United Arab Emirates comprise residents of the United Arab Emirates whose ancestral roots lie in Balochistan. The Baloch are one of the oldest migrant groups in the country.
Jatki, Jadgali, and other related terms have sometimes been used to refer to one or another of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Balochistan and neighbouring parts of Sindh and Punjab. These terms have their origin in the association between speakers of those languages and either the Jats or, more broadly, other settled agriculturalist communities.
Lasi, or Lassi, (لاسي) is a dialect of Sindhi language Pakistan. It is spoken by the Lasi people of Lasbela, Hub and Gwadar in Balochistan, lasi is also spoken in Karachi and Thatta districts of Sindh.
Sindhi Bhil, is an Indo-Aryan dialect spoken in the Pakistani province of Sindh, as well as some parts of Balochistan. Sindhi Bhil is often referred as a Sindhi dialect than a language alongside Lasi.
The Rakhshani are a major Brahui-Baloch tribe who live in Pakistan and Iran. They mostly live in Qalat and Lasbela, which is located in the Rakhshan Division.
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