Maryovsky District

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Maryovsky District
Марёвский район(Russian)
Location of Maryovsky District (Novgorod Oblast).svg
Location of Maryovsky District in Novgorod Oblast
Coordinates: 57°19′N32°05′E / 57.317°N 32.083°E / 57.317; 32.083 Coordinates: 57°19′N32°05′E / 57.317°N 32.083°E / 57.317; 32.083
Peizazhnyi park <<Khlebalovo>> - v'ezd.jpg
Khlebalovo Park, Maryovsky District
Coat of Arms of Marevsky rayon (Novgorod oblast).png
Coat of arms of Maryovsky District
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Novgorod Oblast [1]
Administrative structure (as of April 2012)
Administrative center selo of  Maryovo [1]
Administrative divisions: [2]
Settlements 4
Inhabited localities: [2]
Rural localities 139
Municipal structure (as of March 2010)
Municipally incorporated asMaryovsky Municipal District [3]
Municipal divisions: [3]
Urban settlements0
Rural settlements4
Statistics
Area 1,800 km2 (690 sq mi) [4]
Population (2010 Census) 4,673 inhabitants [5]
• Urban0%
• Rural100%
Density 2.6/km2 (6.7/sq mi) [6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00) [7]
EstablishedOctober 1, 1927 [8]
Previous names Molvotitsky District[ citation needed ]
Official website
Maryovsky District on WikiCommons

Maryovsky District (Russian : Марёвский район) is an administrative [1] and municipal [3] district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Demyansky District in the north, Ostashkovsky and Penovsky Districts of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Andreapolsky District of Tver Oblast and Kholmsky District in the southwest, Poddorsky District in the west, and with Starorussky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,800 square kilometers (690 sq mi). [4] Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo ) of Maryovo. [1] District's population: 4,673 (2010 Census); [5] 5,711 (2002 Census); [9] 6,835 (1989 Census). [10] The population of Maryovo accounts for 49.2% of the district's total population. [5]

Russian language East Slavic language

Russian is an East Slavic language, which is official in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely used throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia. It was the de facto language of the Soviet Union until its dissolution on 25 December 1991. Although nearly three decades have passed since the breakup of the Soviet Union, Russian is used in official capacity or in public life in all the post-Soviet nation-states, as well as in Israel and Mongolia.

A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is from the French "rayon", which is both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district".

Administratively, Novgorod Oblast is divided into three cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-one districts.

Contents

Geography

Almost all of the area of the district belongs to the basin of the Pola River and only minor areas in the western part of the district are in the basin of the Lovat. The district is located on the northern slope of the western part of the Valdai Hills, and the rivers mostly flow from south to north. The Pola crosses the district, and its biggest tributary within the district is the Maryovka River.

Drainage basin Area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet

A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet.

Pola River river in Tver and Novgorod Oblasts, Russia

The Pola is a river in Andreapolsky and Penovsky Districts of Tver Oblast and in Maryovsky, Demyansky, and Parfinsky Districts of Novgorod Oblast of Russia. It is a tributary of Lake Ilmen. It is 267 kilometres (166 mi) long, and the area of its basin 74,200 square kilometres (28,600 sq mi). The principal tributaries of the Pola are the Maryovka, the Kamenka, the Yavon, and the Polomet, all from the right.

Lovat River river in Belarus and Russia, tributary of Lake Ilmen

The Lovat is a river in Vitebsk Oblast of Belarus, Usvyatsky, Velikoluksky, and Loknyansky Districts, as well as of the city of Velikiye Luki, of Pskov Oblast and Kholmsky, Poddorsky, Starorussky, and Parfinsky Districts of Novgorod Oblast in Russia. The source of the Lovat is Lake Lovatets in northeastern Belarus, and the Lovat is a tributary of Lake Ilmen. Its main tributaries are the Loknya (left), the Kunya (right), the Polist (left), the Redya (left), and the Robya (right) Rivers. The towns of Velikiye Luki and Kholm, as well as the urban-type settlement of Parfino, are located on the banks of the Lovat.

History

Maryovo (Maryova) was mentioned in a chronicle in 1495. The area was a part of Derevskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod Republic. Between 1612 and 1617, during the Ingrian War, it was occupied by Polish and Swedish troops. By 1620, the area became completely depopulated and had to be repopulated again. [11] In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off. Until 1824, Maryovo was a part of Starorussky Uyezd of Novgorod Viceroyalty (since 1796 of Novgorod Governorate). In 1824, the area was transferred to Demyansky Uyezd, which was split from Starorussky Uyezd.

Novgorod Republic former country

The Novgorod Republic or Novgorodian Rus' was a medieval East Slavic state from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Baltic Sea to the northern Ural Mountains, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of modern Russia. Citizens referred to their city-state as "His Majesty Lord Novgorod the Great", or more often as "Lord Novgorod the Great". The Republic prospered as the easternmost port of the Hanseatic League and its Slavic, Baltic and Finnic people were much influenced by the culture of the Viking-Varangians and Byzantine people.

Ingrian War 1610s military conflict

The Ingrian War between Sweden and Russia, which lasted between 1610 and 1617 and can be seen as part of Russia's Time of Troubles, is mainly remembered for the attempt to put a Swedish duke on the Russian throne. It ended with a large Swedish territorial gain in the Treaty of Stolbovo, which laid an important foundation to Sweden's Age of Greatness.

The administrative division reform of 1708 was carried out by Russian Tsar Peter the Great in an attempt to improve the manageability of the vast territory of Russia. Prior to the reform, the country was subdivided into uyezds and volosts, and in the 17th century the number of the uyezds was 166.

In August 1927, the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Molvotitsky District, with the administrative center in the selo of Molvotitsy, [12] was established within Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast effective October 1, 1927. [8] It included parts of former Demyansky Uyezd. [12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. [13] On September 6, 1941, Molvotitsky District was occupied by German troops. [12] It was partially liberated on January 15, 1942 and fully liberated on February 15, 1943. [12] On February 19, 1944, the administrative center of the district was transferred from Molvotitsy to the selo of Maryovo. [12] On July 5, 1944, Molvotitsky District was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast. [12] On July 22, 1961, a part of abolished Zaluchsky District was merged into Molvotitsky District. [14] On February 1, 1963, the district was abolished in the course of the Nikita Khrushchev's administrative reform. [15] On December 30, 1966, the district was re-established as Maryovsky District. [15] It included the part of the former Molvotitsky District which was previously transferred to Demyansky District. [15]

Leningrad Oblast First-level administrative division of Russia

Leningrad Oblast is a federal subject of Russia. It was established on August 1, 1927, although it was not until 1946 that the oblast's borders had been mostly settled in their present position. The oblast was named after the city of Leningrad. Unlike the city, the oblast retains the name of Leningrad.

Nazi Germany The German state from 1933 to 1945, under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler

Nazi Germany is the common English name for Germany between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party (NSDAP) controlled the country through a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany was transformed into a totalitarian state that controlled nearly all aspects of life via the Gleichschaltung legal process. The official name of the state was Deutsches Reich until 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich from 1943 to 1945. Nazi Germany is also known as the Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", the first two being the Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and the German Empire (1871–1918). The Nazi regime ended after the Allies defeated Germany in May 1945, ending World War II in Europe.

Nikita Khrushchev First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was a Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.

Abolished districts

Effective October 1, 1927, [8] Zaluchsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Zaluchye was established as well, as a part of Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. [14] It included parts of Starorussky Uyezd. [14] Between August 1941 and February 1943, Zaluchsky District was occupied by German troops. [14] On July 5, 1944, Zaluchsky District was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast. [14] On July 22, 1961, Zaluchsky District was abolished and split between Starorussky and Molvotitsky Districts. [14]

Economy

Industry

The economy of the district is based on timber industry. [16]

Agriculture

The agriculture of the district is in a deep recession. As of 2010, only 9% of available fields were used for agricultural purposes. Other agricultural specializations in the district are cattle and swine breeding. [16]

Transportation

Maryovo is connected by roads to Demyansk and Kholm. Through these localities, it has access to Veliky Novgorod and also to M10 Highway connecting Moscow and St. Petersburg. There are also local roads.

Culture and recreation

The district contains 3 cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally 117 objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. [17] All federal monuments are archaeological sites.

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Khvoyninsky District District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

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Poddorsky District District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Poddorsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Volotovsky District in the north, Starorussky District in the northeast, Maryovsky District in the east, Kholmsky District in the south, Bezhanitsky District of Pskov Oblast in the southwest, and with Dedovichsky District of Pskov Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,952 square kilometers (1,140 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Poddorye. District's population: 4,645 (2010 Census); 5,610 ; 6,820 (1989 Census). The population of Poddorye accounts for 40.0% of the district's total population.

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Starorussky District District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Starorussky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Parfinsky District in the east, Demyansky and Maryovsky Districts in the southeast, Poddorsky District in the southwest, Volotovsky District in the west, and with Shimsky District in the northwest. From the north, the district is limited by Lake Ilmen. The area of the district is 3,111 square kilometers (1,201 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Staraya Russa. Population: 15,063 (2010 Census); 16,214 ; 18,505 (1989 Census).

Valdaysky District District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Valdaysky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Okulovsky District in the north, Bologovsky District of Tver Oblast in the east, the territory of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Ozyorny of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Firovsky District of Tver Oblast in the south, Demyansky District in the southwest, and with Krestetsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,701.63 square kilometers (1,043.11 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Valday. Population: 26,476 (2010 Census); 29,943 ; 32,373 (1989 Census). The population of Valday accounts for 60.8% of the district's total population.

Volotovsky District District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Volotovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Shimsky District in the north, Starorussky District in the east, Poddorsky District in the south, Dedovichsky District of Pskov Oblast in the southwest, Dnovsky District of Pskov Oblast in the west, and with Soletsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 995 square kilometers (384 sq mi), which makes it the smallest district in the oblast.= Its administrative center is the rural locality of Volot. District's population: 5,493 (2010 Census); 6,106 ; 7,058 (1989 Census). The population of Volot accounts for 40.7% of the district's total population.

Maryovo Selo in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Maryovo is a rural locality and the administrative center of Maryovsky District of Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located in the south of the oblast, on the Maryovka River, a tributary of the Pola River. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Maryovskoye Rural Settlement. Population: 2,297 (2010 Census); 2,631 (2002 Census); 2,797 (1989 Census).

Poddorye Selo in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Poddorye is a rural locality and the administrative center of Poddorsky District of Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located in the southwest of the oblast, on the Redya River, a left tributary of the Lovat River. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Poddorskoye Rural Settlement. Population: 1,860 (2010 Census); 1,957 (2002 Census); 2,122 (1989 Census).

Pankovka Urban-type settlement in Novgorod Oblast, Russia

Pankovka is an urban locality in Novgorodsky District of Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Veryazha River, southwest of and immediately adjacent to Veliky Novgorod. Municipally, it is incorporated as Pankovskoye Urban Settlement in Novgorodsky Municipal District, one of the four urban settlements in the district. Population: 9,603 (2010 Census); 10,057 (2002 Census); 6,939 (1989 Census).

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Law #559-OZ
  2. 1 2 Resolution #121
  3. 1 2 3 Law #401-OZ
  4. 1 2 Официальная информация. openbudget.karelia.ru (in Russian). 2003. Retrieved June 7, 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value is only approximate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time , as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. 1 2 3 Snytko et al., p. 85
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000](XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. ↑ История (in Russian). Официальный сайт Администрации Марёвского муниципального района. 2012. Retrieved June 7, 2012.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Snytko et al., pp. 115–116
  13. ↑ Snytko et al., pp. 87–88
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Snytko et al., pp. 104–105
  15. 1 2 3 Snytko et al., pp. 195–196
  16. 1 2 Концепция социально-экономического развития Марёвского муниципального района на 2011 год и на плановый период 2012 и 2013 годов (in Russian). Администрация Марёвского муниципального района. Retrieved February 24, 2012.
  17. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

Sources

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