Matthew 6:4

Matthew 6:4
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Illustration of Matthew 6:4 "... that your alms may be in secret" by Christoffel van Sichem (1629).
Book	Gospel of Matthew
Christian Bible part	New Testament

Matthew 6:4 is the fourth verse of the sixth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament and is part of the Sermon on the Mount. This is the final verse of the Sermon's discussion of alms giving.

Content

The Novum Testamentum Graece text is:

ὅπως ᾖ σου ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ

καὶ ὁ Πατήρ σου ὁ βλέπων ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ

ἀποδώσει σοι.

The Textus Receptus adds "εν τω φανερω" (en tō phanerō, "openly") at the end of the verse. St Augustine observed that "in the Greek copies, which are earlier, we have not the word openly. ^[1]

In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:

That thine alms may be in secret: and

thy Father which seeth in secret

himself shall reward thee openly.

The World English Bible translates the passage as:

so that your merciful deeds may be

in secret, then your Father who sees

in secret will reward you openly.

Most English versions omit "openly" at the end of the verse. ^[2]

Analysis

The previous verses indicated that charitable giving should be in secret, perhaps even from oneself. This verse indicates that God will see even the most covert actions, and will ensure they are properly rewarded, because it is not whether one gives alms but how. ^[3] This is akin to the Jewish teaching: "One who gives charity in secret is greater than Moses" (T. Bab. Bava Bathra, fol. 9. 2.). ^{[3] [4]}

The verses 2–4 with verses 5–6 and verses 16–18 form three neatly symmetrical illustrations, about alms, prayer and fasting. ^[5] The acts of justice, including giving alms, and like prayer and fasting, are between God and the doer, unlike Roman philanthropy, which tends to have public displays of good works. ^[6]

Commentary from the Church Fathers

Pseudo-Chrysostom: For it is impossible that God should leave in obscurity any good work of man; but He makes it manifest in this world, and glorifies it in the next world, because it is the glory of God; as likewise the Devil manifests evil, in which is shown the strength of his great wickedness. But God properly makes public every good deed only in that world the goods of which are not common to the righteous and the wicked; therefore to whomsoever God shall there show favour, it will be manifest that it was as reward of his righteousness. But the reward of virtue is not manifested in this world, in which both bad and good are alike in their fortunes. ^[1]

Chrysostom: If therefore you desire spectators of your good deeds, behold you have not merely Angels and Archangels, but the God of the universe. ^[1]

References

1. "Catena Aurea: commentary on the four Gospels; collected out of the works of the Fathers. Oxford: Parker, 1874. Thomas Aquinas". This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
2. See BibleHub Matthew 6:4
3. Allison 2007, p. 856.
4. Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Matthew 6. Accessed 24 April 2019.
5. France 1994, p. 913.
6. Coogan 2007, p. 15 New Testament.

Sources

• Allison, Dale C. Jr. (2007). "57. Matthew". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 844–886. ISBN   978-0199277186 . Retrieved February 6, 2019.
• Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780195288810.
• France, R. T. (1994). "Matthew". In Carson, D. A.; France, R. T.; Motyer, J. A.; Wenham, G. J. (eds.). New Bible Commentary: 21st Century Edition (4, illustrated, reprint, revised ed.). Inter-Varsity Press. pp. 904–945. ISBN   9780851106489.

Further reading

• Filson, Floyd V. A Commentary on the Gospel According to St. Matthew. London: A. & C. Black, 1960.
• Fowler, Harold. The Gospel of Matthew: Volume One. Joplin: College Press, 1968.
• Hendriksen, William. The Gospel of Matthew. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 1976.
• Hill, David. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981.
• Lewis, Jack P. The Gospel According to Matthew. Austin, Texas: R.B. Sweet, 1976.

Preceded by Matthew 6:3

Gospel of Matthew Chapter 6

Succeeded by Matthew 6:5