Melittobia

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Melittobia
Figure-1-Males-of-Melittobia-parasitoid-wasps-a-M-acasta-b-M-australica-Scale-05.png
male Melittobia acasta (left)
male Melittobia australica (right)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Eulophidae
Subfamily: Tetrastichinae
Genus: Melittobia
Westwood, 1848
Type species
Melittobia acasta
(Walker, 1839)
Species

see Text

Synonyms [1]

Melittobia is a genus of hymenopteran insects of the family Eulophidae.

Contents

Biology

Melittobia wasps are gregarious ectoparasitoids [2] on solitary bees, honeybee [3] and wasps, and also of any insect cohabitants of their hosts' nests, such as Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera. [4] One species has been reared from puparia of Anastrepha fruit flies collected from fallen fruits in Mexico. [5] They show intrasexual and intersexual dimorphism, with the males being blind and flightless and two castes of females, one long winged and one short winged, which are probably determined by nutrition. The females exhibit primitive social traits [6] while the males are competitive, ferociously fighting and killing their male siblings. The males attract the females using a pheromone and they have an elaborate courtship ritual. They have a skewed sex ratio with 95% of the offspring being females which are from fertilised eggs but males are produced asexually through arrhenotoky. [4] The females have overlapping adult generations and show close ties of kinship, parental care and altruistic cooperative escape behaviors. The best studied species from which most of the information about these wasps has been derived are Melittobia acasta , Melittobia australica and Melittobia digitata . [6] These wasps are potentially economically harmful due to their lack of host specificity, fecundity, cryptic behaviour and behavioural flexibility. They have a rapid life cycle of 25 days. [4] They breed well in the laboratory and are seen as potential model organisms in the study of genetics, developmental biology and ethology. [6]

Distribution

Melittobia is found throughout the world. [2]

Species

The following species are included in the genus Melittobia: [1]

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. 1 2 "Melittobia Westwood, 1848". GBIF.org. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  2. 1 2 Antonino Cusumano; Jorge M. González; Stefano Colazza; S. Bradleigh Vinson (2012). "First report of Melittobia australica Girault in Europe and new record of M. acasta (Walker) for Italy". ZooKeys (181): 45–51. Bibcode:2012ZooK..181...45C. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.181.2752 . PMC   3332020 . PMID   22539910.
  3. Marian Jeliński; Ferdynand Wójtowski (1984). "Melittobia acasta Walker (Hym., Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae) a poorly known parasite on honeybee brood". Przegląd Zoologiczny. 28: 507–511.
  4. 1 2 3 Jorge M. González. "Melittobia australica". Discover Life. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  5. "Melittobia Westwood, 1848". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
  6. 1 2 3 R.W. Matthews; J.M. González; J.R. Matthews; L.D. Deyrup (2009). "Biology of the parasitoid Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)". Annual Review of Entomology. 54: 251–266. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090440. PMID   18783331.